Interesting Findings in 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT Imaging in a Patient With Glioblastoma Multiforme

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Interesting Findings in 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT Imaging in a Patient With Glioblastoma Multiforme via Clinical Nuclear Medicine - Published Ahead-of-Print A 55-year-old disabled man with glioblastoma multiforme was referred to us for fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/CT imaging. 68Ga-DOTA-FAPI-46 scan revealed uptake in the primary tumor and unexpected uptakes in soft tissue, especially in periarticular regions. These latter foci were compatible with calcifications on the CT. One in the breast was compatible with fibrotic tissue, but 2 other foci, in the rectus abdominis and gallbladder wall, could not be correlated with the CT findings. In Neurogenic heterotopic ossification, hypoxia-associated oxidative stress results in the metaplastic transformation of fi broblasts. Abnormal differentiation of fibroblasts in neurogenic heterotopic ossification before ossification could explain radiolabeled FAPI avidity in the mentioned areas. View on Web

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Molecular evolution of the human monkeypox virus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Molecular evolution of the human monkeypox virus via Journal of Medical Virology ABSTRACT Background Recently, in 2022, new cases of human monkeypox virus (hMPXV) occurred in Europe and North America. The first case was reported in Europe in May 2022, and subsequently, more than 50,000 new cases were confirmed in 100 countries. Currently, the classification of hMPXV according to the nextstrain occurs in five big clades (1A, A.1, A.2, A.1.1, and B.1). Aims According to the resurgence of smallpox-like disease caused by hMPXV and the spread of the virus to the European and American continents, in the present study, we review and summarize the molecular evolution of the hMPXV, determining the molecular evolution of the main clades. Methods A total of 442 hMPXV whole-genome sequences (WGS) with available information from the country and sampling date (between October 2017 and 2022), were obtained and evaluated using the Bayesian method. Results The clade B.1 which is currently circulating was the most frequent (n=415; 93.9%). The other clades presented the following frequencies: 1A (n=13; 2.9%), A.1 (n=10; 2.3%), A.2 (n=3; 0.7%) and A.1.1 (n=1; 0.2%) The overall nucleotide divergence of hMPXV was 5,590e-5. The 1A clade was detected between 2017 and 2020. A.1 was observed, and between 2019 and 2022 some A.2 sequences were detected. In 2022, the great predominance of B.1 was observed. The common ancestor of the hMPXV belongs to the clade 1A and the time to the Most Recent Common Ancestor (tMRCA) was 2017-04-04 (Highest Posterior Density 95% (HPD95%): 2017-03-09; 2017-08-04) on the West African continent. The tMRCA of A.1 was 2018-05-21 (HPD95%: 2018-05-20; 2018-07-04) with divergence of 6.885e-5 substitutions per site per year (ssy). This clade was of West African origin but was eventually detected in European countries. Also, A.2 was detected with sequences of North America and showed tMRCA of 2019-07-15 (HPD95%: 2018-11- 18; 2020-02-24). A.1.1 showed tMRCA from 2021-06-05 (HPD95%: 2021-06-05; 2021-11-26) and this clade was detected in North America and was the precursor for the globally spreading B.1 which tMRCA was 2022-04-26 (HPD95%: 2022-02-27; 2022-04-26). hMPXV has been spread from West Africa to the United Kingdom, Israel, Singapore, the USA, Canada, Portugal, Spain, Ireland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, Austria, the Republic Czech, Sweden, and Finland. hMPXV also reached countries such as Brazil, Mexico, Australia, and Taiwan. Conclusion The common ancestor of the hMPXV belongs to the clade 1A with origin in the West African continent. Clade B.1 was responsible for the recent widespread worldwide. Immunization to prevent the spread of hMPXV is not yet available to the public, future studies should focus on the development of effective vaccines to contain the spread of this virus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Prevention of peri‐implant disease in edentulous patients with fixed implant rehabilitations

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prevention of peri‐implant disease in edentulous patients with fixed implant rehabilitations via Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Abstract Objectives To provide an overview about the current approaches to prevent peri-implant diseases in edentulous patients with complete-arch implant-supported prostheses, and to review the clinical applications of the latest digital technologies for implant prosthodontics. Methods A review of the guidelines to prevent peri-implant diseases in patient's receiving complete-arch implant-supported prostheses including facially driven treatment planning procedures using either conventional or digital methods, computer-aided implant planning procedures, and prosthodontic design variables including the optimal number and distribution of dental implants, implant to abutment connection type, implant or abutment level design, screw- or cement-retained alternatives, prostheses contours, and material selection is provided. Furthermore, an outline of the current therapeutic management approaches to address peri-implant diseases is reviewed. Conclusions Clinicians should understand and know different planning and design-related variables that can affect biological and mechanical complication rates of complete-arch implant-supported prostheses. Maintenance protocols are fundamental for minimizing biological and mechanical complications. View on Web

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Pathogen‐agnostic immune biomarkers that predict infection after solid organ transplantation

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Pathogen‐agnostic immune biomarkers that predict infection after solid organ transplantation via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) remain at high risk for infection throughout their post-transplant course. Dosing of immunosuppressive medications, strategies that prevent infection, and choice of empiric antimicrobial treatment could be optimized by a better understanding of an individual patient's risk for infectious complications. Diagnostic tests that qualitatively or quantitatively measure the function of the immune system and/or its response to infection may be useful for individualized management decisions. Numerous studies have identified an association between infectious outcomes after solid organ transplantation (SOT) and the results of a variety of non-pathogen-specific or "pathogen-agnostic" immune monitoring tests. These biomarkers include humoral immune markers, functional or quantitative assessments of cellular immunity, transcriptomic-based diagnostics, and replication of viruses within the human virome, which have been used to predict or diagnose a v ariety of different infectious diseases complicating SOT. In this narrative review, we discuss several host-derived immune biomarkers that show promise for either predicting or diagnosing infection among SOTRs. However, additional studies are needed to determine the optimal use of immune response testing. Whether immune biomarkers contribute added benefits to current standard clinical care has not yet been determined. Testing must be validated across a range of clinical scenarios, including surveillance to predict infection risk and diagnosis of active infection at various time points post transplant. View on Web

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Perio‐prosthodontic pontic site management, part I: Pontic designs and their current applications

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Perio‐prosthodontic pontic site management, part I: Pontic designs and their current applications via Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry Abstract Objective Emulating natural dentition with dental implant restorations is challenging, increasing its complexity when a pontic area must be restored. Many different methods have been described to solve this problem. The pontic designs which have been proposed have specific indications and may require additional treatments, including soft tissue augmentation procedures, to increase the possibility of an esthetically pleasing and biologically tolerable outcome. Proper conditioning of the soft tissues during the interim restoration stage and adequate communication with the laboratory are also critical factors to a successful outcome. This article describes the different approaches to restoring pontic sites with different degrees of complexity, their clinical indications, and limitations viewed from a perio-prosthodontic approach. Clinical Considerations Different clinical scenarios for pontic sites require different approaches. Missing hard and soft tissues can be replaced by surgical or prosthetic means. Understanding the clinical indications and implications of the different pontic designs allows the clinician to make good decisions when planning and treating patients that require replacement of pontic spaces leading to more successful outcomes. Conclusions Different pontic designs have specific indications as well as biologic and esthetic prognoses. Selection of a good design, proper modifications during the provisionalization stage, and adequate communication with the dental laboratory will lead to higher chances of esthetic and biological success. Clinical Significance The proper pontic design allows for esthetically pleasing pontic sites which emulate natural emergence from the soft tissues while promoting biological stability. View on Web

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The association among insomnia symptom severity, comorbid symptoms, and suicidal ideation in two veteran cohorts meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The association among insomnia symptom severity, comorbid symptoms, and suicidal ideation in two veteran cohorts meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder via Journal of Clinical Psychology Abstract Objective Examine the association between insomnia symptom severity and suicidal ideation (SI), after adjusting for clinical comorbidity in veterans meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. Methods Secondary data analyses of psychometrically validated baseline assessments of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety symptoms from two online insomnia intervention randomized clinical trials (n = 232; n = 80) were conducted. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the association between insomnia symptom severity and SI, after controlling for clinical comorbidity and demographics. Results Insomnia symptom severity was significantly correlated with comorbid depression, PTSD, and anxiety symptoms in both cohorts and significantly correlated with SI in one. After controlling for demographics and clinical comorbidity, insomnia symptom severity was not significantly associated with SI in linear regression models. Conclusion Findings extend insomnia-suicide research by providing evidence that insomnia symptom severity may not confer a unique risk for SI above comorbid mental health symptoms in veterans meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia disorder. View on Web

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Analgesic Effectiveness of Preoperative Ultrasound‐Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block versus Paravertebral Nerve Block for Breast Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Four Randomized Controlled Trials

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Analgesic Effectiveness of Preoperative Ultrasound‐Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block versus Paravertebral Nerve Block for Breast Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Four Randomized Controlled Trials via Pain Practice Abstract Objective Our meta-analysis aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness of ultrasound-guided preoperative erector spinae plane block (ESPB) versus paravertebral nerve block (PVB) in breast surgery. Methods PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) between January 1, 1980 and April 31, 2021 . The primary endpoints were perioperative pain score, analgesic consumption and assessment of block procedure. The secondary endpoints were intraoperative haemodynamic response, duration of surgery, postoperative antiemetic consumption and adverse effects. Results Four RCTs comprised of a total of 310 patients were included in our meta-analysis. No significant differences in the perioperative pain score and analgesic consumption were observed between ESPB and PVB in the operating room, post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) and ward (at 1, 16, 12, and 24 hour, and the morning of postoperative day 1 (POD1) (all P > 0.05). Similarly, no significant differences in the duration of block, time to first analgesic, haemodynamic response, duration of surgery, postoperative antiemetic consumption and adverse effects were observed (all P > 0.05). However, our meta-analysis revealed that ultrasound-guided preoperative ESPB significantly reduced the duration of procedure time and frequency of guidance interventions, as well as increasing the block success rate among residents (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Both ultrasound-guided preoperative ESPB and PVB showed comparable analgesic effects in patients undergoing breast surgery. However, with a significantly shorter procedure time and higher block success rate, our findings suggest that ESPB may be a simple alternative to PVB in breast surgery. View on Web

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Association between inflammatory bowel disease and periodontitis: A bidirectional 2‐Sample Mendelian randomization study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Association between inflammatory bowel disease and periodontitis: A bidirectional 2‐Sample Mendelian randomization study via Journal of Clinical Periodontology Abstract Aim This Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to explore the potential bidirectional causal association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and periodontitis. Materials and methods We used genetic instruments from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of European descent for IBD (12,882 cases, 21,770 controls) to investigate the association with periodontitis (3,046 cases, 195,395 controls) and vice versa. The radial inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was carried out to obtain the primary causal estimates, and the robustness of the results was assessed by a series of sensitivity analyses. Due to multiple testing, associations with P values < 0.008 were considered as statistically significant, and P values ≥ 0.008 and < 0.05 were considered as suggestively significant. Results In the primary causal estimates, IBD as a whole was associated with an increased risk of periodontitis (odds ratio [OR], 1.060; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.017; 1.105; P = 0.006). Subtype analyses showed that ulcerative colitis (UC) was associated with periodontitis (OR, 1.074; 95% CI 1.029; 1.122; P=0.001), while Crohn's disease (CD) was not. Regarding the reverse direction, periodontitis showed a suggestive association with IBD as a whole (OR, 1.065; 95% CI 1.013; 1.119; P=0.014). Subtype analyses revealed that periodontitis was associated with CD (OR, 1.100; 95% CI 1.038; 1.167; P=0.001) but not UC. The final models after outlier removal showed no obvious pleiotropy, indicating that our primary analysis results were reliable. Conclusions The present MR study provides moderate evidence on the bidirectional causal relationship between IBD and periodontitis. The bidirectional increased risk found in our study was marginal and, possibly, of limited clinical relevance. More studies are needed to support the findings of our current study. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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EARLY USE OF TECOVIRIMAT IN A YOUNG MAN WITH SEVERE MPOX SKIN LESIONS: A CASE REPORT

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader EARLY USE OF TECOVIRIMAT IN A YOUNG MAN WITH SEVERE MPOX SKIN LESIONS: A CASE REPORT via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract Monkeypox virus is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus that can cause Mpox (previously known as Human Monkeypox) [1], an illness clinically similar to smallpox, although with a far less severe course and lower mortality [2]. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus and the risk of anal co‐infection in kidney transplant recipients: Results from a Danish clinical study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus and the risk of anal co‐infection in kidney transplant recipients: Results from a Danish clinical study via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract Background : Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers, including cervical and anal cancer. In this cross-sectional clinical study, we investigated the prevalence of cervical high-risk HPV (hrHPV) and low-risk (lrHPV), risk factors for cervical hrHPV infection, and the prevalence of cervical and anal hrHPV co-infection in KTRs and immunocompetent controls. Methods : During 2016–2017, we recruited 125 female KTRs and 125 female immunocompetent controls from one dermatology department (KTRs and controls) and five nephrology departments (KTRs) in Denmark. Liquid-based cervical and anal cytology samples were tested for HPV DNA using the INNO-LiPA test and participants answered a questionnaire on lifestyle. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using logistic regression, adjusting for age, lifetime sexual partners, smoking, and (in models concerning anal HPV) receptive anal sex. Results : KTRs had higher prevalence of cervical hrHPV than controls (35.5% vs 18.2; ORadjusted = 2.9, 95% CI, 1.5–5.5). In contrast, the prevalence of lrHPV was similar in KTRs and controls (25.6% vs 23.1; ORadjusted = 1.2, 95% CI, 0.7‒2.3). KTRs were more likely than controls to have cervical and anal hrHPV co-infection (27.3% vs. 6.6%, ORadjusted = 6.3, 95% CI, 2.7–15.0). Conclusions : Female KTRs had high prevalence of cervical hrHPV, and co-infection with anal and cervical hrHPV was common. Our results underline that KTRs are an important target group for preventive efforts against HPV-related diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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