Simultaneously elevated FeNO and blood eosinophils relate to asthma morbidity in asthmatics from NHANES 2007‐12

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, EarlyView.


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Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery with a persistent primitive trigeminal artery as a collateral pathway: a report of an anatomic variation

Abstract

Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is rare, and patients with such a condition are often asymptomatic throughout their lifetime, because of sufficient collateral circulation. Collateral flow is provided via various channels; however, the role of persistent embryonic vessels under conditions in which the ICA is absent or occluded is unknown. We report a rare case of congenital absence of the left ICA and describe the collateral pathway consisting of a persistent trigeminal artery.

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Evaluation of high‐fat high‐fructose diet treatment in factor VIII (coagulation factor)‐deficient mouse model

International Journal of Experimental Pathology, EarlyView.


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Polarized suture material debris in a vaginal smear

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in the cerebrospinal fluid

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Geometric arrangements of Cryptococcus in cytology specimens

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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New biological research and understanding of Papanicolaou's test

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Cytological features of breast peri‐implant papillary synovial metaplasia

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Intraocular metastasis of medullary thyroid carcinoma investigated by transscleral fine‐needle aspiration. A case report and review of the literature

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Is it statistically significant?

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Reviewer’s Comments on the Letter to the Editor entitled “Generalising the results: how can we improve our reports?” by Saltychev M, Eskola M (2018). Eur Spine J; doi:10.1007/s00586-018-5558-4

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Comments on the Letter to the Editor of Jie Weng et al. concerning “Relationship between preoperative serum rapid turnover proteins and early-stage surgical wound infection after spine surgery” by D. Kudo et al. (Eur Spine J; 2016: doi:10.1007/s00586-016-4855-z) as well as the Reply of D. Kudo et al. (Eur Spine J; 2018: doi:10.1007/s00586-018-5560-x)

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Metabolome analysis for pancreatic cancer risk in nested case‐control study: Japan Public Health Center‐based prospective Study

Cancer Science, EarlyView.


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Spontaneous development of intratumoral heterogeneity in a transposon‐induced mouse model of glioma

Cancer Science, EarlyView.


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Phase II study of adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and nedaplatin for uterine cervical cancer with lymph node metastasis

Cancer Science, EarlyView.


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Issue Information

Cancer Science, Volume 109, Issue 4, Page 879-881, April 2018.


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In this Issue

Cancer Science, Volume 109, Issue 4, Page 882-883, April 2018.


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Deformable torso phantoms of Chinese adults for personalized anatomy modelling

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.


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Resin‐embedded anatomical cross‐sections as a teaching adjunct for medical curricula: is this technique an alternative to potting and plastination?

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.


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Neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts, and risk of prostate cancer outcomes in white and black men: results from the SEARCH database

Abstract

Purpose

Systemic inflammation, as measured by C-reactive protein, has been linked with poor prostate cancer (PC) outcomes, predominantly in white men. Whether other immune measures like white blood cell counts are correlated with PC progression and whether results vary by race is unknown. We examined whether complete blood count (CBC) parameters were associated with PC outcomes and whether these associations varied by race.

Methods

Analyses include 1,826 radical prostatectomy patients from six VA hospitals followed through medical record review for biochemical recurrence (BCR). Secondary outcomes included castration-resistant PC (CRPC), metastasis, all-cause mortality (ACM), and PC-specific mortality (PCSM). Cox-proportional hazards were used to assess the associations between pre-operative neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with each outcome. We used a Bonferroni-corrected p-value of 0.05/5 = 0.01 as the threshold for statistical significance.

Results

Of 1,826 men, 794 (43%) were black and 1,032 (57%) white. Neutrophil count (p < 0.001), NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR (p < 0.001) were significantly lower, while lymphocyte count (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in black versus white men. After adjusting for clinicopathological features, no CBC measures were significantly associated with BCR. There were no interactions between CBC and race in predicting BCR. Similarly, no CBC values were significantly associated with CRPC, metastases, or PCSM either among all men or when stratified by race. However, higher neutrophil count was associated with higher ACM risk in white men (p = 0.004).

Conclusion

Pre-operative CBC measures were not associated with PC outcomes in black or white men undergoing radical prostatectomy, except for neutrophils-positive association with risk of ACM in white men. Whether circulating immune cell markers provide insight to the pathophysiology of PC progression or adverse treatment outcomes requires further study.

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Primary cutaneous ganglioneuroma: anatomoclinical study of 4 cases with focus on Merkel cells

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, EarlyView.


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Indolent Nodal Relapse of Colon Carcinoma with Associated Tumor Thrombus Invading the Superior Mesenteric Vein

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Microbleeds in ischemic vs hemorrhagic strokes on novel oral anticoagulants

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


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Serum magnesium and risk of incident heart failure in older men: The British Regional Heart Study

Abstract

To examine the association between serum magnesium and incident heart failure (HF) in older men and investigate potential pathways including cardiac function, inflammation and lung function. Prospective study of 3523 men aged 60–79 years with no prevalent HF or myocardial infarction followed up for a mean period of 15 years, during which 268 incident HF cases were ascertained. Serum magnesium was inversely associated with many CVD risk factors including prevalent atrial fibrillation, lung function (FEV₁) and markers of inflammation (IL-6), endothelial dysfunction (vWF) and cardiac dysfunction [NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin T (cTnT)]. Serum magnesium was inversely related to risk of incident HF after adjustment for conventional CVD risk factors and incident MI. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HF in the 5 quintiles of magnesium groups were 1.00, 0.72 (0.50, 1.05), 0.85 (0.59, 1.26), 0.76 (0.52, 1.11) and 0.56 (0.36, 0.86) respectively [p (trend) = 0.04]. Further adjustment for atrial fibrillation, IL-6, vWF and FEV₁ attenuated the association but risk remained significantly reduced in the top quintile (≥ 0.87 mmol/l) compared with the lowest quintile [HR 0.62 (0.40, 0.97)]. Adjustment for NT-proBNP and cTnT attenuated the association further [HR 0.70 (0.44, 1.10)]. The benefit of high serum magnesium on HF risk was most evident in men with ECG evidence of ischaemia [HR 0.29 (0.13, 0.68)]. The potential beneficial effect of high serum magnesium was partially explained by its favourable association with CVD risk factors. Further studies are needed to investigate whether serum magnesium supplementation in older adults may protect from the development of HF.

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Treatment of atrophic acne scarring with fractional micro‐plasma radio‐frequency in Chinese patients: A prospective study

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, EarlyView.


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Issue Cover (April 2018)

European Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 47, Issue 8, Page i-iii, April 2018.


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A unified hierarchical oscillatory network model of head direction cells, spatially periodic cells, and place cells

European Journal of Neuroscience, EarlyView.


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Synaptic organization of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus

European Journal of Neuroscience, EarlyView.


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Processing of interaural phase differences in components of harmonic and mistuned complexes in the inferior colliculus of the Mongolian gerbil

European Journal of Neuroscience, EarlyView.


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Prognostic implications of fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 polymorphisms in primary breast cancer

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Identification of chromatin‐accessible domains in non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis‐derived hepatocellular carcinoma

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Identification of metabolites in plasma for predicting survival in glioblastoma

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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To Study the Role of FNAC in Pre-operative Diagnostic Work Up and Management in Parotid Tumours

Abstract

Parotid gland is an important major salivary gland connected to the oral cavity. Salivary gland tumours are infrequent around less than 3% of head and neck tumours. Parotid gland is the most common site for the occurrence of salivary tumors. They are heterogeneous group of neoplasm characterized by the varying histological features and clinical behaviour. In our study we have examined the role of FNAC for preoperative diagnostic and management. We have concluded that Fine needle aspiration cytology is advocated routinely to know the type and nature of the tumour as an important pre-operatively diagnostic work up. It helps in preoperative identification of type of tumour neoplastic or benign, preoperative counselling of patient, planning of management of tumour, and preparing the patient and the surgical team for the more extensive procedure generally required for a high grade malignancy.

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Newborn Hearing Screening: Time to Act!

Abstract

The present study was carried out with the aim of assessing the outcomes of otoacoustic hearing screening in newborns coupled with the three stage protocol. It was a hospital based observational study which was conducted over a time period of twelve months at a tertiary care institute to screen 2000 live neonates for congenital hearing impairment using OAE, followed up by tympanometry and BERA, if required. 2000 neonates were screened for hearing impairment. 406 were in high risk group and the rest in non-high risk group. Seven neonates had absent V wave on BERA. Five of them were high risk babies and the rest two were non-high risk ones. In order to ensure that early detection and effective intervention are possible for all neonates with hearing impairment, UNHS should be performed. Three stage UNHS protocol using OAE and BERA showed that the implementation of UNHS for congenital childhood hearing loss for all neonates would be beneficial.

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Functional expansion pharyngoplasty: Technical update by unidirectional barbed sutures

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


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Moray micro forceps biopsy improves the diagnosis of specific pancreatic cysts

Cancer Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Validation of OMI erythemal doses with multi-sensor ground-based measurements in Thessaloniki, Greece

Publication date: June 2018
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 183
Author(s): Melina Maria Zempila, Ilias Fountoulakis, Michael Taylor, Stelios Kazadzis, Antti Arola, Maria Elissavet Koukouli, Alkiviadis Bais, Chariklia Meleti, Dimitrios Balis
The aim of this study is to validate the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) erythemal dose rates using ground-based measurements in Thessaloniki, Greece. In the Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, a Yankee Environmental System UVB-1 radiometer measures the erythemal dose rates every minute, and a Norsk Institutt for Luftforskning (NILU) multi-filter radiometer provides multi-filter based irradiances that were used to derive erythemal dose rates for the period 2005–2014. Both these datasets were independently validated against collocated UV irradiance spectra from a Brewer MkIII spectrophotometer. Cloud detection was performed based on measurements of the global horizontal radiation from a Kipp & Zonen pyranometer and from NILU measurements in the visible range. The satellite versus ground observation validation was performed taking into account the effect of temporal averaging, limitations related to OMI quality control criteria, cloud conditions, the solar zenith angle and atmospheric aerosol loading. Aerosol optical depth was also retrieved using a collocated CIMEL sunphotometer in order to assess its impact on the comparisons. The effect of total ozone columns satellite versus ground-based differences on the erythemal dose comparisons was also investigated. Since most of the public awareness alerts are based on UV Index (UVI) classifications, an analysis and assessment of OMI capability for retrieving UVIs was also performed.An overestimation of the OMI erythemal product by 3–6% and 4–8% with respect to ground measurements is observed when examining overpass and noontime estimates respectively. The comparisons revealed a relatively small solar zenith angle dependence, with the OMI data showing a slight dependence on aerosol load, especially at high aerosol optical depth values. A mean underestimation of 2% in OMI total ozone columns under cloud-free conditions was found to lead to an overestimation in OMI erythemal doses of 1–5%.While OMI overestimated the erythemal dose rates over the range of cloudiness conditions examined, its UVIs were found to be reliable for the purpose of characterizing the ambient UV radiation impact.



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Epidemiological features of cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx cancer in Réunion Island

Publication date: Available online 16 April 2018
Source:European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases
Author(s): A. Delagranda, G. Leterme, E. Chirpaz, C. Ferdynus, C. Fernandez, F. Rubin
IntroductionThis study had two objectives: firstly, to identify and compare characteristics of cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx in Réunion Island, a tropical French overseas territory in the southern hemisphere; and secondly, to discuss how incidence of these cancers is presented in the international literature.Material and methodA retrospective study included 599 patients diagnosed with cancer of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx between 2009 and 2013 in Réunion Island. Demographic characteristics and data on alcohol consumption, smoking habits and HPV infection were analyzed. Standardized incidences were calculated for the worldwide population for both genders.ResultsSex ratio was 7.7 and mean age was 60 years. Cancer consisted of squamous cell carcinoma in 99.1% of patients. Three hundred and forty over 375 patients (81.25%) showed alcohol abuse; 309/359 (86.1%) were smokers; 31/184 (16%) had HPV infection. On the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) anatomic classification, the incidence of "other pharynx" locations was 9.3/100,000 for men and 0.7/100,000 for women, and incidence of "larynx" locations was 6.4/100,000 for men and 0.4/100,000 for women.ConclusionRéunion Island features some particularities in terms of incidence: women are less than half as likely as in Metropolitan France to develop any type of cancer, whereas incidence in males is among highest in France. The presentation of results in cancer registries could be improved in line with everyday practice in head and neck surgery.



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High Oct4 predicted worse prognosis of right-sided colon cancer patients

Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.


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Serum magnesium and risk of incident heart failure in older men: The British Regional Heart Study

Abstract

To examine the association between serum magnesium and incident heart failure (HF) in older men and investigate potential pathways including cardiac function, inflammation and lung function. Prospective study of 3523 men aged 60–79 years with no prevalent HF or myocardial infarction followed up for a mean period of 15 years, during which 268 incident HF cases were ascertained. Serum magnesium was inversely associated with many CVD risk factors including prevalent atrial fibrillation, lung function (FEV₁) and markers of inflammation (IL-6), endothelial dysfunction (vWF) and cardiac dysfunction [NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin T (cTnT)]. Serum magnesium was inversely related to risk of incident HF after adjustment for conventional CVD risk factors and incident MI. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HF in the 5 quintiles of magnesium groups were 1.00, 0.72 (0.50, 1.05), 0.85 (0.59, 1.26), 0.76 (0.52, 1.11) and 0.56 (0.36, 0.86) respectively [p (trend) = 0.04]. Further adjustment for atrial fibrillation, IL-6, vWF and FEV₁ attenuated the association but risk remained significantly reduced in the top quintile (≥ 0.87 mmol/l) compared with the lowest quintile [HR 0.62 (0.40, 0.97)]. Adjustment for NT-proBNP and cTnT attenuated the association further [HR 0.70 (0.44, 1.10)]. The benefit of high serum magnesium on HF risk was most evident in men with ECG evidence of ischaemia [HR 0.29 (0.13, 0.68)]. The potential beneficial effect of high serum magnesium was partially explained by its favourable association with CVD risk factors. Further studies are needed to investigate whether serum magnesium supplementation in older adults may protect from the development of HF.

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Living on a farm, contact with farm animals and pets, and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: pooled and meta‐analyses from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


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Risk factors for length of stay and charge per day differ between older and younger hospitalized patients with AML

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


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A 2‐year prospective study of single‐implant mandibular overdentures: Patient‐reported outcomes and prosthodontic events

Clinical Oral Implants Research, EarlyView.


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Impact of psychiatric illness on decreased survival in elderly patients with bladder cancer in the United States

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Melancholia and cancer: The bladder cancer narrative

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Symptom and function profiles of men with localized prostate cancer

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Managing work and cancer treatment: Experiences among survivors of hematological cancer

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Racial disparities in postmastectomy breast reconstruction: National trends in utilization from 2005 to 2014

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Final results of a phase 2, open‐label study of indisulam, idarubicin, and cytarabine in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia and high‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Temporal trends in management and outcomes of testicular cancer: A population‐based study

Cancer, EarlyView.


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PARP inhibitors in breast cancer: Bringing synthetic lethality to the bedside

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Anatomical study of the articular branches innervated the hip and knee joint with reference to mechanism of referral pain in hip joint disease patients

Clinical Anatomy, EarlyView.


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Immunogenomic analyses of advanced serous ovarian cancer reveal immune score is a strong prognostic factor and an indicator of chemo-sensitivity

Purpose: Ovarian cancer is one of the first human cancers for which in situ immune response was reported to be important for the clinical outcome. To elucidate the mechanistic relationship between immune repertoire and cancer genotype in ovarian cancer, the development of a well-defined immune score for ovarian cancer is required. Experimental Design: From a collection of 2,203 patient samples of advanced ovarian cancer from public available resources, we evaluated the prognostic values for a compendium of immune marker genes and proposed an immune score. The relationships between immune score, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, cancer genotypes and their impact on patient outcome were characterized. Results: Loss of chemokine and IFN- pathway genes is frequent in ovarian cancer and is significantly associated with low immune score and poor outcome. Chemotherapy can increase the immune score of tumors by inducing the expression of IFN- inducible chemokines. High immune score is significantly associated with BRCA1/2 mutation status and the response to chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis revealed that immune score is a strong predictor of patient survival and the response to immunotherapy. Conclusions: Our results reveal the drivers of the immune repertoire of advanced ovarian cancer and demonstrate the importance of immune score as an independent prognostic signature and a potent indicator of intratumoral immune status.

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Accuracy, Safety, and Reliability of Novel Phase I Trial Designs

A number of novel model-based and model-assisted designs have been proposed to find the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in phase I clinical trials, but their differences and relative pros and cons are not clear to many practitioners. We review three model-based designs, including the continual reassessment method (CRM), dose escalation with overdose control (EWOC), and Bayesian logistic regression model (BLRM), and three model-assisted designs, including the modified toxicity probability interval (mTPI), Bayesian optimal interval (BOIN), and keyboard designs. We conduct numerical studies to assess their accuracy, safety and reliability, and the practical implications of various empirical rules used in some designs, such as skipping a dose and imposing overdose control. Our results show that the CRM outperforms EWOC and BLRM with higher accuracy of identifying the MTD. For the CRM, skipping a dose is not recommended as it substantially increases the chance of overdosing patients, while providing limited gain for identifying the MTD. EWOC and BLRM appear excessively conservative. They are safe, but have relatively poor accuracy of finding the MTD. The BOIN and keyboard designs have similar operating characteristics, outperforming the mTPI, but the BOIN is more intuitive and transparent. The BOIN yields competitive performance comparable to the CRM, but is simpler to implement and free of the issue of irrational dose assignment caused by model misspecification, thereby providing an attractive approach for designing phase I trials.

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Prospective clinical trial of ixazomib, dexamethasone and rituximab as primary therapy in Waldenström macroglobulinemia

Introduction: Proteasome inhibition is of proven efficacy in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM). However, WM remains incurable with standard treatments. Novel agents, safe and effective, are needed. Methods: We designed a prospective phase II study evaluating the combination of ixazomib, dexamethasone and rituximab (IDR) as primary therapy in symptomatic patients with WM. Protocol therapy consisted of oral ixazomib, 4 mg, with intravenous or oral dexamethasone, 20 mg, on days 1, 8 and 15 every 4 weeks for induction cycles 1 and 2, and in combination with intravenous rituximab, 375 mg/m2, on day 1, every 4 weeks for cycles 3 to 6. Maintenance therapy followed 8 weeks later with IDR given every 8 weeks for 6 cycles. Results: Twenty-six patients were enrolled. All patients had the MYD88 L265P mutation, and 15 patients (58%) had a CXCR4 mutation. The median time to response was 8 weeks, which was longer (12 weeks) in WM patients with CXCR4 mutations (p=0.03). The overall response rate was 96% and the major response rate was 77%. With a median follow-up of 22 months, the median progression-free survival was not reached. Grade ≥2 adverse events reported in >1 patient included infusion-related reactions (19%), rash (8%) and insomnia (8%). Conclusion: IDR offers a highly effective and well tolerated, neuropathy-sparing regimen for primary therapy in patients with WM. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov under ID NCT02400437.

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Integrated genomic and immunophenotypic classification of pancreatic cancer reveals three distinct subtypes with prognostic/predictive significance

Purpose: Current clinical classification of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is unable to predict prognosis or response to chemo- or immunotherapy and does not take into account the host reaction to PDAC-cells. Our aim is to classify PDAC according to host- and tumor-related factors into clinically/biologically relevant subtypes by integrating molecular and microenvironmental findings. Experimental Design: A well-characterized PDAC-cohort (n=110) underwent next-generation sequencing with a hotspot cancer panel, while Next-generation Tissue-Microarrays were immunostained for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, PD-L1, p63, hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (RHAMM) and DNA mismatch-repair proteins. Previous data on FOXP3 were integrated. Immune-cell counts and protein expression were correlated with tumor-derived driver mutations, clinicopathologic features (TNM 8. 2017), survival and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT)-like tumor budding.  Results: Three PDAC-subtypes were identified: the "immune-escape" (54%), poor in T- and B-cells and enriched in FOXP3+Tregs, with high-grade budding, frequent CDKN2A- , SMAD4- and PIK3CA-mutations and poor outcome; the "immune-rich" (35%), rich in T- and B-cells and poorer in FOXP3+Tregs, with infrequent budding, lower CDKN2A- and PIK3CA-mutation rate and better outcome and a subpopulation with tertiary lymphoid tissue (TLT), mutations in DNA damage response genes (STK11, ATM) and the best outcome; and the "immune-exhausted" (11%) with immunogenic microenvironment and two subpopulations: one with PD-L1-expression and high PIK3CA-mutation rate and a microsatellite-unstable subpopulation with high prevalence of JAK3-mutations. The combination of low budding, low stromal FOXP3-counts, presence of TLTs and absence of CDKN2A-mutations confers significant survival advantage in PDAC-patients. Conclusions:Immune host responses correlate with tumor characteristics leading to morphologically recognizable PDAC-subtypes with prognostic/predictive significance.

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Report from the SWOG Radiation Oncology Committee: Research Objectives Workshop 2017

Purpose: Experimental Design: Results: Conclusions:

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Targeting the Leukemia Antigen PR1 with Immunotherapy for the treatment of Multiple Myeloma

Purpose: PR1 is a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 nonameric peptide derived from neutrophil elastase (NE) and proteinase 3 (P3). We have previously shown that PR1 is cross-presented by solid tumors, leukemia, and antigen presenting cells, including B cells. We have also shown that cross-presentation of PR1 by solid tumors renders them susceptible to killing by PR1-targeting immunotherapies. Since multiple myeloma (MM) is derived from B cells, we investigated whether MM is also capable of PR1 cross-presentation and subsequently capable of being targeted using PR1 immunotherapies. Experimental Design: We tested if MM is capable of cross-presenting PR1 and subsequently becomes susceptible to PR1-targeting immunotherapies, using MM cell lines, a xenograft mouse model, and primary MM patient samples. Results: Here we show that MM cells lack endogenous NE and P3, are able to take up exogenous NE and P3, and cross-present PR1 on HLA-A2. Cross-presentation by MM utilizes the conventional antigen processing machinery, including the proteasome and Golgi, and is not affected by immune modulating drugs (IMiDs). Following PR1 cross-presentation, we are able to target MM with PR1-cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and anti-PR1/HLA-A2 antibody both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Collectively, our data demonstrate that PR1 is a novel tumor associated antigen target in MM and that MM is susceptible to immunotherapies that target cross-presented peptides.

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Interferon-stimulated genes are involved in cross-resistance to radiotherapy in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer

Purpose: Treatment resistance is a main cause of adverse disease outcome in breast cancer patients. Here we aimed to investigate common features in tamoxifen-resistant and radioresistant breast cancer, since tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells are cross-resistant to irradiation in vitro. Experimental Design: RNA sequencing of tamoxifen-resistant and radioresistant breast cancer cells was performed and validated by quantitative PCR. Pathways were further investigated in vitro and in breast cancer patient cohorts to establish their relation with treatment resistance. Results: Both tamoxifen-resistant and radioresistant breast cancer cells had increased expression levels of genes involved in type I IFN signaling compared to non-resistant cells. IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were induced in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner after tamoxifen treatment and irradiation. Tamoxifen treatment also led to ssDNA presence in the cytoplasm, which is known to induce expression of ISGs, a phenomenon that has already been described for irradiation. Moreover, in a breast cancer patient cohort high expression levels of ISGs were found in the primary tumor in around half of the patients. This was associated with a tumor infiltrating lymphocyte expression signature, although the ISGs were also expressed by the tumor cells themselves. Importantly, the expression of ISGs correlated to outcome in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant tamoxifen or radiotherapy, but not in systemically untreated patients or chemotherapy-treated patients. Conclusions: Our data indicate that expression of ISGs by tumor cells is involved in acquired, treatment-induced resistance to tamoxifen and radiotherapy, and might play a role in intrinsic resistance via interaction with tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.

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The NRF2 pathway as potential biomarker for dimethyl fumarate treatment in multiple sclerosis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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Association between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and risk of optic neuropathy: A population‐based cohort study

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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EphA2 receptor is a key player in the metastatic onset of Ewing sarcoma

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Diabetes and smoking as predictors of cancer in Indigenous adults from rural and remote communities of North Queensland – A 15‐year follow up study

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Smoking, alcohol and cancer mortality in Eastern European men: Findings from the PrivMort retrospective cohort study

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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A PRDX1‐p38α heterodimer amplifies MET‐driven invasion of IDH‐wildtype and IDH‐mutant gliomas

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Differential effects of estrogen receptor beta isoforms on glioblastoma progression

The estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) functions as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma cells (GBM). However, the in vivo significance of endogenous ERβ and the roles of its isoforms in GBM are incompletely understood. Using ERβ isoform-specific PCR screening, we found that GBM cells predominantly express ERβ1 and ERβ5, along with low levels of ERβ2 and ERβ4. We observed greater ERβ5 expression in higher grades of glioma than in lower grades. In CRISPR-based ERβ knockout (KO) cells and ERβ KO cells uniquely expressing ERβ1, ERβ1 significantly reduced proliferation. Compared to parental GBM cells, ERβ KO cells exhibited high migratory and invasive potentials, and re-expression of ERβ1 resulted in the reduction of this phenotype. Interestingly, ERβ5 expression increased foci formation and anchorage-independent growth of NIH3T3 cells and increased motile structure formation, including filopodia and ruffles in GBM cells. Only ERβ1-expressing tumors resulted in longer mouse survival. RNA-Seq analysis revealed unique pathways modulated by ERβ1 and ERβ5. Compared to ERβ KO cells, ERβ1 cells exhibited lower activation of mTOR signaling molecules, including p-mTOR, p-S6K, and p-S6; and ERβ5-expressing cells had enhanced mTOR downstream signaling. Unique proteins including several that function as regulators of mTOR, immunomodulatory, and apoptosis pathways bound to ERβ1 and ERβ5 isoforms. Our work confirms the tumor suppressive potential of ERβ1 and reveals the acquired oncogenic ability of ERβ5 in GBM cells. ERβ isoform status and their unique interactions with oncogenic pathways may have important implications in GBM progression.

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Sustained adrenergic signaling promotes intratumoral innervation through BDNF induction

Mounting clinical and preclinical evidence supports a key role for sustained adrenergic signaling in the tumor microenvironment as a driver of tumor growth and progression. However, the mechanisms by which adrenergic neurotransmitters are delivered to the tumor microenvironment are not well understood. Here we present evidence for a feedforward loop whereby adrenergic signaling leads to increased tumoral innervation. In response to catecholamines, tumor cells produced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in an ADRB3/cAMP/Epac/JNK-dependent manner. Elevated BDNF levels in the tumor microenvironment increased innervation by signaling through host neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (TrkB) receptors. In cancer patients, high tumor nerve counts were significantly associated with increased BDNF and norepinephrine levels and decreased overall survival. Collectively, these data describe a novel pathway for tumor innervation with resultant biological and clinical implications.

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Marginal adaptation of lithium disilicate ceramic crowns cemented with three different resin cements

Abstract

Objectives

The cementation process and cementation materials have an influence on the marginal adaptation of restorations. The gap could be affected by thermal and mechanical loading (TCML). The computerized x-ray microtomography (μCT) method offers the possibility of measuring the marginal gap without destruction of the restoration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal gap (MG) and the absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) before and after TCML.

Materials and methods

Thirty-nine human premolars were prepared for full ceramic crowns made of lithium disilicate. The crowns were cemented by three different resins—Panavia F 2.0, Variolink II, and Relyx Unicem. The MG and AMD were evaluated by μCT before and after TCML.

Results

Panavia F 2.0 had the lowest MG (before 118 μm–after TMCL 124 μm) and AMD (before 145 μm–after TMCL 154 μm), followed by Relyx Unicem (MG: before 164 μm–after TCML 155 μm; AMD: before 213 μm–after TMCL 209 μm) and Variolink II (MG: before 317 μm–after TMCL 320 μm; AMD: before 412 μm–after TMCL 406 μm). The differences were statistically significant before and after TCML. Rather than TCML, it appeared the resin cement was responsible for differences between the MG and AMD before and after TCML.

Conclusions

μCT is an accurate technique for assessing cemented restorations. Panavia F 2.0 has the lowest MG and AMD before and after TCML.

Clinical relevance

The resin material that features a three-step protocol (Variolink II) produced higher MG and AMG values than the Panavia or Relyx Unicem varieties with less or no intermediate steps at all.

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Analgetikabedarf bei Kindern im Alter zwischen 2 und 12 Jahren nach Tonsillenoperationen

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol
DOI: 10.1055/a-0596-7675

Hintergrund Mandeloperationen bei Kindern zählen zu den schmerzhaftesten Eingriffen. Altersgerechte Schmerzskalen sind die Kindliche Unbehagens- und Schmerzskala (KUSS), die Faces Pain Scale–Revised (FPS-R) und der kaum bekannte PPPM-D-Fragebogen. Ziel war Evaluation der Analgesie bei durch Eltern angeforderter Nichtopioid-Medikation (NOM) mit Ibuprofen (IBU) und Paracetamol (PCM) nach intrakapsulärer Tonsillektomie (TO) oder extrakapsulärer Tonsillektomie (TE). Als Rescue-Medikation (RM) wurde nach Prüfung der Schmerzskalen Piritramid appliziert. Endpunkte waren Anteil der Patienten (PAT), der die RM benötigte, Menge applizierter NOM, Übereinstimmung der Indikation in verschiedenen Schmerzskalen, Korrelation von Schmerzen mit Prämedikation und Eingriffsdauer. Material/Methoden Postoperativ erfolgten 3 Messungen täglich mit KUSS bei PAT ≤ 4 Jahre bzw. FPS-R ≥ 5 Jahre. Eltern füllten den PPPM-D aus. Bei einem Wert ≥ 4 bei KUSS bzw. FPS-R oder ≥ 6 im PPPM-D wurde die RM indiziert. Ergebnisse 68 PAT wurden in eine Zwischenauswertung eingeschlossen. Durchschnittliche tägliche NOM in den ersten 3 Tagen: nach TE 14,1–16,3 mg/Kg IBU und 4,2–12,4 mg/Kg PCM bzw. nach TO 10,8–14,7 mg/Kg IBU und 5,2–8,8 mg/Kg PCM. Bei 212 Visiten wurde die RM indiziert, davon 121 Mal nur durch den PPPM-D. Nach Ausschluss eventuell falsch-positiver Indikationen benötigten 67 % der PAT nach TE und 48 % der PAT nach TO mindestens einmal die RM. Die Studie wurde wegen des hohen RM-Bedarfs abgebrochen. Schlussfolgerungen Der Bedarf an NOM wurde unterschätzt. Der PPPM-D kombiniert mit etablierten Skalen kann die postoperative Schmerztherapie verbessern.
[...]

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Table of Content Volume 57, Number 6, June 2018

Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer, Volume 57, Issue 6, Page 279-280, June 2018.


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Marginal adaptation of lithium disilicate ceramic crowns cemented with three different resin cements

Abstract

Objectives

The cementation process and cementation materials have an influence on the marginal adaptation of restorations. The gap could be affected by thermal and mechanical loading (TCML). The computerized x-ray microtomography (μCT) method offers the possibility of measuring the marginal gap without destruction of the restoration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal gap (MG) and the absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) before and after TCML.

Materials and methods

Thirty-nine human premolars were prepared for full ceramic crowns made of lithium disilicate. The crowns were cemented by three different resins—Panavia F 2.0, Variolink II, and Relyx Unicem. The MG and AMD were evaluated by μCT before and after TCML.

Results

Panavia F 2.0 had the lowest MG (before 118 μm–after TMCL 124 μm) and AMD (before 145 μm–after TMCL 154 μm), followed by Relyx Unicem (MG: before 164 μm–after TCML 155 μm; AMD: before 213 μm–after TMCL 209 μm) and Variolink II (MG: before 317 μm–after TMCL 320 μm; AMD: before 412 μm–after TMCL 406 μm). The differences were statistically significant before and after TCML. Rather than TCML, it appeared the resin cement was responsible for differences between the MG and AMD before and after TCML.

Conclusions

μCT is an accurate technique for assessing cemented restorations. Panavia F 2.0 has the lowest MG and AMD before and after TCML.

Clinical relevance

The resin material that features a three-step protocol (Variolink II) produced higher MG and AMG values than the Panavia or Relyx Unicem varieties with less or no intermediate steps at all.

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Issue Information ‐ TOC

International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, Volume 28, Issue 2, Page 83-84, March/April 2018.


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Imaging of Spine Fractures with Emphasis on the Craniocervical Junction

Spinal cord injury often times is a catastrophic result of trauma. Delay in diagnosis may result in increased morbidity and mortality. Cross sectional imaging is now increasingly used as a first-line diagnostic modality in the setting of trauma for recognition of spine fractures and ligamentous injuries that might be missed on routine radiographs.The learning objectives of this article are to review the anatomy of the spine and understand the mechanisms of injury in the cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral column by applying easy and reproducible classification systems to guide clinical management.

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Maging of Traumatic Injury to Neurovasculature

Trauma involving the vessels of the head and neck portends risk of hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, and death. Imaging is essential for the timely diagnosis of these injuries. This article will review diagnostic imaging findings and pitfalls as well as related pathophysiology, screening risk factors, management, and follow-up recommendations.

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Soft Tissue Injuries of the Finger and Thumb

Soft tissue digital injury of the hand is a common presenting complaint in the emergency setting. While initial work-up requires physical exam and radiographs, many of these entities may be radiographically occult and solely appreciated on ultrasound (US) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). If undiagnosed, these conditions may lead to sequela of untreated disease including early osteoarthritis, pain, permanent deformity, and immobility. Soft tissue finger injuries that may not be readily apparent without the use of MRI or US are discussed.

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Letter from the guest editor

I am delighted to serve as guest editor for this issue of Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI. This month, we focus on imaging of the traumatically injured patient. The current issue is presented as a companion to the August 2017 Seminars issue, edited by Dr. Tara M. Catanzano, which focused on non-traumatic imaging in the emergency department.

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Does Encountering the Facial Nerve During Surgical Management of Mandibular Condylar Process Fractures Increase the Risk of Facial Nerve Weakness? A systematic review and meta-regression analysis

The purpose of this study was to identify whether the incidence of systematically identified or incidentally encountered facial nerve branches during dissection to approach condylar fractures increases risk of transient and/or permanent facial nerve weakness.

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Omental Vascularized Lymph Node Flap: A Radiographic Analysis

J reconstr Microsurg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642637

Background Vascularized lymph node transfer is an increasingly popular option for the treatment of lymphedema. The omental donor site is advantageous for its copious soft tissue, well-defined collateral circulation, and large number of available nodes, without the risk of iatrogenic lymphedema. The purpose of this study is to define the anatomy of the omental flap in the context of vascularized lymph node harvest. Methods Consecutive abdominal computed tomography angiography (CTA) images performed at a single institution over a 1-year period were reviewed. Right gastroepiploic artery (RGEA) length, artery caliber, lymph node size, and lymph node location in relation to the artery were recorded. A two-tailed Z-test was used to compare means. A Gaussian Mixture Model confirmed by normalized entropy criterion was used to calculate three-dimensional lymph node cluster locations along the RGEA. Results In total, 156 CTA images met inclusion criteria. The RGEA caliber at its origin was significantly larger in males compared with females (p < 0.001). An average of 3.1 (1.7) lymph nodes were present per patient. There was no significant gender difference in the number of lymph nodes identified. Average lymph node size was significantly larger in males (4.9 [1.9] × 3.3 [0.6] mm in males vs. 4.5 [1.5] × 3.1 [0.5] mm in females; p < 0.001). Three distinct anatomical variations of the RGEA course were noted, each with a distinct lymph node clustering pattern. Total lymph node number and size did not differ among anatomical subgroups. Conclusion The omentum is a reliable lymph node donor site with consistent anatomy. This study serves as an aid in preoperative planning for vascularized lymph node transfer using the omental flap.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Free versus Pedicled Perforator Flaps for Lower Extremity Reconstruction: A Multicenter Comparison of Institutional Practices and Outcomes

J reconstr Microsurg
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1639576

Background Of all body regions, lower extremity wounds have been and remain the greatest challenge. Perforator free flaps have been accepted as a reasonable option to solve this dilemma but require the complexity of microsurgery. As a consequence, the possibility that pedicled perforator flaps could supplant even perforator free flaps has recently gained intense enthusiasm. Methods A retrospective investigation was undertaken to compare the validity for the use of perforator flaps of all types at three dissimilar institutions, that is, a university, a regional center, and a community hospital. All flaps performed in the 5-year period, 2011 to 2015, were included to allow at least 1-year follow-up before data analysis. A total of 433 free perforator flaps and 52 pedicled perforator flaps had been performed specifically for the lower extremity. Results Patient demographics, wound etiology, and comorbidities were similar for all institutions. Free flaps were more commonly needed after trauma and for chronic ulcers. Pedicled flaps were more likely an option after tumor excision. Large defects or those involving the foot were better served by free flaps. Overall success for free perforator flaps was 90.1% and for pedicled perforator flaps was 92.3%, with no significant difference noted (p = 0.606) between institutions. Peripheral vascular disease was the only significant comorbidity risk factor for both free and pedicled flap failure. Conclusion Perforator flaps in general have become a reasonable solution for soft tissue defects of the lower extremity. Following careful consideration of the etiology, dimensions, location, patient comorbidities, and presence of adequate perforators, a pedicled or free perforator flap could potentially be successful. Pedicled perforator flaps, if adequate healthy soft tissues remain adjacent to the defect, forecast a continuance of the evolution in seeking simplicity yet reliability by the best flap possible for soft tissue closure of the lower limb wound.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Functional and anatomical results of inside out approach for cholesteatoma surgery

To study the efficacy of inside-out approach in completely eradicating the cholesteatoma from middle ear and mastoid, preservation of hearing & and quality of life post mastoidectomy with regards to recurrent discharge, wax, granulations.

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Surgeon-performed ultrasound for the assessment of parotid masses

Studies on parotid gland ultrasound assessments performed specifically by surgeons are seldom reported.

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Evaluation of anatomical and round breast implant aesthetics and preferences in Dutch young lay and plastic surgeon cohort

Literature remains inconclusive on the attractiveness and natural aspect of anatomical breast implants and, so far, studies have failed to demonstrate the visible difference in practice as compared to round ones. This study was undertaken to evaluate: (1) whether lay and professional participants can distinguish between breasts augmented with either round or anatomical breast implants, (2) their opinion with regard to naturalness and attractiveness of these augmented breasts.

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Masseter-to-facial nerve transfer: technique and outcomes utilizing a fibrin sealant for coaptation

BackgroundThis article describes the use of fibrin sealant for nerve coaptation without sutures in masseter-to-facial nerve transfer; and the results obtained utilizing this technique in a series of eleven patients.MethodsA retrospective review of eleven patients with facial paralysis grades V-VI was performed. All patients underwent masseter nerve transfer for facial reanimation utilizing a fibrin sealant, without utilizing sutures for coaptation.ResultsThe follow up period ranged from 10 to 52 months.

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Mollie lentaigne, the nurse who drew mcindoe's Guinea pigs: exploring the role of a medical artist at the queen victoria hospital, 1940-1945

Mollie Lentaigne was a medical artist who worked at the Queen Victoria Hospital in East Grinstead during the Second World War alongside Archibald McIndoe and his dedicated team. She drew hundreds of medical illustrations for McIndoe and his fellow surgeons during the years between 1940 and 1945. Her illustrations depict the plastic surgery that was carried out in that hospital on the badly burnt RAF servicemen injured during the war that took place in the skies over Europe, which included many aircrew injured during the Battle of Britain.

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How holistic processing of faces relates to cognitive control and intelligence

Abstract

The Vanderbilt Holistic Processing Test for faces (VHPT-F) is the first standard test designed to measure individual differences in holistic processing. The test measures failures of selective attention to face parts through congruency effects, an operational definition of holistic processing. However, this conception of holistic processing has been challenged by the suggestion that it may tap into the same selective attention or cognitive control mechanisms that yield congruency effects in Stroop and Flanker paradigms. Here, we report data from 130 subjects on the VHPT-F, several versions of Stroop and Flanker tasks, as well as fluid IQ. Results suggested a small degree of shared variance in Stroop and Flanker congruency effects, which did not relate to congruency effects on the VHPT-F. Variability on the VHPT-F was also not correlated with Fluid IQ. In sum, we find no evidence that holistic face processing as measured by congruency in the VHPT-F is accounted for by domain-general control mechanisms.

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Peptidyl‐prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1 regulates withaferin A‐mediated cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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TGF‐β‐mediated LEFTY/Akt/GSK‐3β/Snail axis modulates epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell properties in ovarian clear cell carcinomas

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Stimulation of Fas/FasL‐mediated apoptosis by luteolin through enhancement of histone H3 acetylation and c‐Jun activation in HL‐60 leukemia cells

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Downregulation of miR‐3127‐5p promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition via FZD4 regulation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in non‐small‐cell lung cancer

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Low dose irradiation facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma genesis involving HULC

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Treatment of colon cancer with liver X receptor agonists induces immunogenic cell death

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Oleanolic acid induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis by inhibition of Notch signaling

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Recurrent transcriptional loss of the PCDH17 tumor suppressor in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is partially mediated by aberrant promoter DNA methylation

Molecular Carcinogenesis, EarlyView.


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Management of laryngeal cleft in mechanically ventilated children with severe comorbidities

Laryngeal clefts are rare congenital malformations of the posterior part of the larynx. The severities are correlated with the downward extension of the cleft and can involve numerous clinical symptoms including dysphagia and respiratory distress. As significant comorbidities may be present, individual treatments depend on the child's general condition and type of cleft involved. Herein, we describe two cases of children with laryngeal clefts and severe comorbidities requiring mechanical ventilation.

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Advancing Patient Care Through Focused Innovation

NCI Director Dr. Ned Sharpless describes the four focus areas of opportunity he has identified that, with enhanced attention from NCI, he believes can accelerate progress in cancer research and care.

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Too Much of a Good Thing: How Novelty Biases and Vocabulary Influence Known and Novel Referent Selection in 18‐Month‐Old Children and Associative Learning Models

Cognitive Science, EarlyView.


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Comparison of tear proteome in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis patients and controls with respect to pollen season

Allergy, EarlyView.


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Ethnic differences in the association between maternal vitamin D status and offspring asthma and wheeze: Findings from the Born in Bradford cohort study

Allergy, EarlyView.


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Incidence and treatment of complications in patients who had third molars or other teeth extracted

The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of complications after extraction of third molars (M3) or other teeth, and to describe their management. We made a retrospective cohort study of patients having M3 or other teeth extracted, and recorded complications up to two years' follow-up. A total of 142 complications developed after 2355 procedures (6%) – 7% after extraction of M3 compared with 5% after extractions of other teeth (p=0.024). The three most common complications were wound infection (2%), pain without apparent cause (<1%), and oroantral communication (<1%).

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Adenocarcinoma in situ admixed with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: A case report with cytological features

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Issue Information

Diagnostic Cytopathology, Volume 46, Issue 5, Page 367-368, May 2018.


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Post‐thyroidectomy suture granuloma: A diagnosis on fine needle aspiration cytology

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Diagnosis of pseudo‐gout (calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease) clinched on cytology

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Cytological features of hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder: A case report with immunocytochemical analyzes

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Cyto‐morphologic spectrum of thyroid lesions in children

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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An In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Various Adhesives and Surface Treatments on Bond Strength of Resin Cement to Polyetheretherketone

Journal of Prosthodontics, EarlyView.


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Effect of low level laser and low intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement in rats

Quality bone regeneration, which leads to the improvement of bone remodeling, is essential for orthodontic treatment. In order to improve bone regeneration and increase the amount of tooth movement, different ...

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Liquid biopsy: a new source of candidate biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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Cardiac responses to viewing facial emotion differentiate frontotemporal dementias

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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The impact of rituximab infusion protocol on the long‐term outcome in anti‐MuSK myasthenia gravis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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Issue Information

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, Volume 5, Issue 4, Page 383-385, April 2018.


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Cognitive and functional connectivity alterations in Friedreich's ataxia

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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Inflammation is a key risk factor for persistent seizures in neurocysticercosis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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Poly(GP), neurofilament and grey matter deficits in C9orf72 expansion carriers

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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Depdc5 knockdown causes mTOR‐dependent motor hyperactivity in zebrafish

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


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Behavioural changes in patients with intellectual disability treated with brivaracetam

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


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Mobility device use in people with Parkinson's disease: A 3‐year follow‐up study

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


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Hyponatremia in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: Literature review

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


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Comments on marital status is a prognostic factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 137, Issue 5, Page 538-538, May 2018.


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Cover Image

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 137, Issue 5, Page i-i, May 2018.


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Issue Information

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 137, Issue 5, Page 439-441, May 2018.


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Response to the letter to the Editor: Comments on marital status is a prognostic factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Safiri S et al

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Volume 137, Issue 5, Page 539-539, May 2018.


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Intravenous lacosamide for treatment of absence status epilepticus in genetic generalized epilepsy: A case report and review of literature

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


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Neurofilament light protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid predict long‐term disability of Guillain‐Barré syndrome: A pilot study

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


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Morphosyntactic Production and Verbal Working Memory: Evidence From Greek Aphasia and Healthy Aging

Purpose

The present work investigated whether verbal working memory (WM) affects morphosyntactic production in configurations that do not involve or favor similarity-based interference and whether WM interacts with verb-related morphosyntactic categories and/or cue–target distance (locality). It also explored whether the findings related to the questions above lend support to a recent account of agrammatic morphosyntactic production: Interpretable Features' Impairment Hypothesis (Fyndanis, Varlokosta, & Tsapkini, 2012).

Method

A sentence completion task testing production of subject–verb agreement, tense/time reference, and aspect in local and nonlocal conditions and two verbal WM tasks were administered to 8 Greek-speaking persons with agrammatic aphasia (PWA) and 103 healthy participants.

Results

The 3 morphosyntactic categories dissociated in both groups (agreement > tense > aspect). A significant interaction emerged in both groups between the 3 morphosyntactic categories and WM. There was no main effect of locality in either of the 2 groups. At the individual level, all 8 PWA exhibited dissociations between agreement, tense, and aspect, and effects of locality were contradictory.

Conclusions

Results suggest that individuals with WM limitations (both PWA and healthy older speakers) show dissociations between the production of verb-related morphosyntactic categories. WM affects performance shaping the pattern of morphosyntactic production (in Greek: subject–verb agreement > tense > aspect). The absence of an effect of locality suggests that executive capacities tapped by WM tasks are involved in morphosyntactic processing of demanding categories even when the cue is adjacent to the target. Results are consistent with the Interpretable Features' Impairment Hypothesis (Fyndanis et al., 2012).

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6024428

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Treatment with the GSK3‐beta inhibitor Tideglusib improves hippocampal development and memory performance in juvenile, but not adult, Cdkl5 knockout mice

European Journal of Neuroscience, EarlyView.


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A silent eligibility trace enables dopamine‐dependent synaptic plasticity for reinforcement learning in the mouse striatum

European Journal of Neuroscience, EarlyView.


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Issue Information

Histopathology, Volume 72, Issue 6, Page 889-891, May 2018.


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The ecology of patient and caregiver participation in consultations involving advanced cancer

Psycho-Oncology, EarlyView.


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Is a meta‐analytic approach to burnout's prevalence timely?

Psycho-Oncology, Volume 27, Issue 4, Page 1355-1355, April 2018.


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In Memoriam: Andrea Farkas Patenaude, PhD

Psycho-Oncology, Volume 27, Issue 4, Page 1357-1358, April 2018.


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Issue Information

Psycho-Oncology, Volume 27, Issue 4, Page 1087-1088, April 2018.


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Cancer, Intimacy and Sexuality: A Practical Approach—In Honor of Hilde de Vocht. Edited by Yacov Reisman and Woet L. Gianotten. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, 2017. No of pages: 286. US$109.00

Psycho-Oncology, Volume 27, Issue 4, Page 1356-1356, April 2018.


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Corrigendum

Psycho-Oncology, Volume 27, Issue 4, Page 1359-1359, April 2018.


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Response to Alwardat comments on our systematic review entitled: “Predictors of adherence to exercise interventions during and after cancer treatment: A systematic review”

Psycho-Oncology, Volume 27, Issue 4, Page 1354-1354, April 2018.


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Comments on: “Predictors of adherence to exercise interventions during and after cancer treatment: A systematic review”

Psycho-Oncology, Volume 27, Issue 4, Page 1353-1353, April 2018.


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Response to Aggarwal and Das, Thiodigalactoside shows antitumour activity by beta‐galactoside‐binding protein and regulatory T cells inhibition in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral Diseases, Volume 24, Issue 4, Page 673-673, May 2018.


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Response to the query raised by Lydia Bernardo

Oral Diseases, Volume 24, Issue 4, Page 674-674, May 2018.


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Corrigendum

Oral Diseases, Volume 24, Issue 4, Page 675-675, May 2018.


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Issue Information

Oral Diseases, Volume 24, Issue 4, Page 489-490, May 2018.


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Cover Image

Oral Diseases, Volume 24, Issue 4, Page i-i, May 2018.


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A nationwide analysis of 30‐day adverse events, unplanned readmission, and length of hospital stay after peripheral nerve surgery in extremities and the brachial plexus

Microsurgery, EarlyView.


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Malignant Spindle Cell Tumor Breast—a Diagnostic Dilemma

Abstract

Primary malignant spindle cell tumors are rare constituting 1.0% of breast malignancies. Spindle cell lesions occurring in soft tissues can occur in breast with overlapping morphologies. It can present as benign lesion and have inconclusive cytological findings, so easily missed if not properly dealt with. Stromal sarcoma should be diagnosed only after thorough sectioning and negative staining for p63, broad spectrum, and high molecular weight keratin. We present a case of right breast lump. Cytological features revealed fibro histiocytic lesion. There were no areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, or calcification. Histopathologically, it showed partially encapsulated tumor with cells arranged in sheets, composed of oval to epithelioid cells with spindling at places with moderate pleomorphism (mitotic activity 6–7/10 hpf). Differential diagnosis of primary stromal sarcoma, metaplastic sarcoma, and phyllodes was made. Immunohistochemistry revealed vimentin positivity with focal positivity of S-100. Desmin, cytokeratin and smooth muscle actin, p63, ER, PR, and Her2-neu were negative. A final diagnosis of primary breast sarcoma of neural origin was established with the help of histopathology and immunohistochemistry. To conclude, it is of utmost importance to identify primary stromal sarcomas as they are known to spread very rapidly and have a poor prognosis.

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Who does she think she is?

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of nontransfusion‐dependent thalassemia in the United States

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Pediatric Early Warning Systems aid in triage to intermediate versus intensive care for pediatric oncology patients in resource‐limited hospitals

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Temporal trends of splenectomy in pediatric hospitalizations with immune thrombocytopenia

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Efficacy and safety of administering pediatric treatment to adolescent patients with mature B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma within the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group clinical trial

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Klinefelter syndrome as a risk factor for recurrent deep vein thrombosis in an adolescent male: Significance of a thorough physical examination

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Histiocytic sarcoma in a child—successful management and long‐term survival with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Acute toxicity of craniospinal irradiation with volumetric‐modulated arc therapy in children with solid tumors

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Scrambler therapy efficacy and safety for neuropathic pain correlated with chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy in adolescents: A preliminary study

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Outcome of renal tumors registered in Japan Wilms Tumor Study‐2 (JWiTS‐2): A report from the Japan Children's Cancer Group (JCCG)

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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Comment on: Comparison of hypersensitivity rates to intravenous and intramuscular PEG‐asparaginase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A meta‐analysis and systematic review

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, EarlyView.


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The price of pain in chronic rhinosinusitis

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


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Perioperative analgesia for patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery: an evidence‐based review

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


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Endoscopic and external approaches for orbital decompression: an analysis of trends from a U.S. perspective

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


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Factor analysis of the questionnaire of olfactory disorders in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


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Partial resection of the middle turbinate during endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis does not lead to an increased risk of empty nose syndrome: a cohort study of a tertiary practice

International Forum of Allergy &Rhinology, EarlyView.


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Sentinel lymph node biopsy in 33 non‐melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck: A twelve‐year experience with long‐term follow‐up

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


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Hearing aids in patients with vestibular schwannoma: Interest of the auditory brainstem responses

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


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Is routine histological tissue sampling during endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy advantageous? A retrospective analysis of 213 patients

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


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Reliable sonographic features for nodal thyroglobulin to diagnose recurrent lymph node metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma

Clinical Otolaryngology, EarlyView.


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Illbutrin

by Dan Rusyniak       Let me just get this out of the way, I hate bupropion (Wellbutrin™ ) with the "white-hot intensity of a thousand suns" (Hulu). There is nothing "Well" about this drug. It was first synthesized by Burroughs-Wellcome (no, you are not Wellcome) in 1966, and was first approved by the […]

EMCrit Project by Tox & Hound.

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Calcium‐/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II in occlusion‐induced degenerative cartilage of rat mandibular condyle

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, EarlyView.


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Efficacy of biofeedback therapy on sleep bruxism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, EarlyView.


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Cover Image

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Volume 45, Issue 5, Page i-i, May 2018.


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Issue Information

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Volume 45, Issue 5, Page ii-iv, May 2018.


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Issue Information

Cancer Cytopathology, Volume 126, Issue 4, Page 219-224, April 2018.


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Desperately seeking subjects

Cancer Cytopathology, Volume 126, Issue 4, Page 225-226, April 2018.


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Molecular testing for indeterminate thyroid nodules: Performance of the Afirma gene expression classifier and ThyroSeq panel

Cancer Cytopathology, EarlyView.


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Malleostapedotomy in stapes revision surgery: Is an endoscopic approach possible?

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


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Has the management of pediatric mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland changed?

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


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Acute sialadenitis associated with 2017–2018 influenza A infection: A case series

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


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Earfold: A New Technique for Correction of the Shape of the Antihelix

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


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The influential factors on the morphological changes of upper airway associated with mouth opening

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


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Comparison of the seventh and eighth edition american joint committee on cancer oral cavity staging systems

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


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Predatory journals: Enough is enough

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


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Can mutation‐mediated effects occurring early in development cause long‐term seizure susceptibility in genetic generalized epilepsies?

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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The effectiveness of a group self‐management education course for adults with poorly controlled epilepsy, SMILE (UK): A randomized controlled trial

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Does bilingualism increase brain or cognitive reserve in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy?

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Diagnostic outcomes for genetic testing of 70 genes in 8565 patients with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Automated video‐based detection of nocturnal convulsive seizures in a residential care setting

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in rats leads to brain pathology

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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The primary prevention of epilepsy: A report of the Prevention Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Automated detection of focal cortical dysplasia type II with surface‐based magnetic resonance imaging postprocessing and machine learning

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Movement‐based seizure detection

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Ictal connectivity in childhood absence epilepsy: Associations with outcome

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Postictal suppression and seizure durations: A patient‐specific, long‐term iEEG analysis

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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“Anatomists have ever been engaged in contention”

Clinical Anatomy, Volume 31, Issue 4, Page 449-449, May 2018.


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Issue Information

Clinical Anatomy, Volume 31, Issue 4, Page C1-C1, May 2018.


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Status epilepticus: Role for etiology in determining response to benzodiazepines

Annals of Neurology, EarlyView.


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Enhancing swallowing recovery after a stroke by harnessing its bihemispheric organization

Annals of Neurology, EarlyView.


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Neurochemical abnormalities in premanifest and early spinocerebellar ataxias

Annals of Neurology, EarlyView.


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Regional brain volumetry and brain function in severely brain‐injured patients

Annals of Neurology, EarlyView.


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The anatomy and physiology of the terminal thoracic duct and ostial valve in health and disease: potential implications for intervention

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.


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Cutis tricolor parvimaculata in ring chromosome 15 syndrome: A case report

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


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Bibbidi bobbidi bald: Two “hairowing” tales of Princess Package hairstyles

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


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Atypical aluminium patch tests in children with persistent itching postvaccinal nodules

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


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Pyoderma gangrenosum in an infant: A case report and review of the literature

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


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Colchicine may be of therapeutic benefit in prurigo pigmentosa

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


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Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–positive vasculitis, oligoarthritis, tendinitis, and myositis associated with isotretinoin in a 15‐year‐old boy: Case report and review of literature

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


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Chromhidrosis due to exogenous oxidizing heavy metals: Clinical and laboratory findings

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


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The importance of melanoma inhibitory activity gene family in the tumor progression of oral cancer

Pathology International, EarlyView.


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MET amplification in endometrial cancers with clear‐cell carcinoma components

Pathology International, EarlyView.


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Eosinophilia in the muscle layer of the esophagus and the urinary bladder in a Multiple System Atrophy patient with dysphagia and dysuria

Pathology International, EarlyView.


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Issue Information

The Journal of Pathology, Volume 245, Issue 1, Page 1-2, May 2018.


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Cover Image

Journal of Oral Pathology &Medicine, Volume 47, Issue 4, Page i-i, April 2018.


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Is podoplanin expression associated with transforming growth factor‐β signaling in odontogenic cysts and tumors?

Journal of Oral Pathology &Medicine, EarlyView.


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Visualizing the effects of metformin on tumor growth, vascularity, and metabolism in head and neck cancer

Journal of Oral Pathology &Medicine, EarlyView.


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Peripheral giant cell granuloma: An updated analysis of 2824 cases reported in the literature

Journal of Oral Pathology &Medicine, EarlyView.


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Cortical bone trajectory screws for circumferential arthrodesis in lumbar degenerative spine: clinical and radiological outcomes of 101 cases

Abstract

Purpose

The use of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) pedicle screws for circumferential interbody fusion represents a viable alternative for single-level procedure with reduced invasiveness and less tissue destruction than the traditional technique. In addition, CBT screws have a potentially stronger pullout strength because of the greater amount of cortical bone intercepted. Only few series exist evaluating clinical and radiological outcomes of CBT screws.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study. All patients that underwent circumferential lumbar interbody fusion with CBT screws in our institution from 2014 to 2017 were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical outcome with visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), radiological data such as fusion, lordosis and muscle trauma, operative blood loss, hospital stay and use of fluoroscopy were evaluated.

Results

A total of 101 patients undergoing CBT-arthrodesis for degenerative lumbo-sacral disease were reviewed. Mean procedural time was 187 min. The mean operative blood loss and X-ray dose per procedure was 383 ml and 1.60 mg cm², respectively. The mean hospital stay was 3.47 days. The mean follow-up was 18.23 months. Mean lordosis increment at the treated level was 4.2°. When the follow-up was longer than 12 months (53% of patients), fusion was obtained in 94% of cases. Mean ODI and VAS index improved with statistical significance.

Conclusions

This is to our knowledge that the largest available study regarding CBT for circumferential arthrodesis. Results underlined the safety of this technique and the promising clinical and radiological outcomes that will need a longer follow-up.

Graphical abstract

These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary material.

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Successful treatment of a diffuse type tenosynovial giant cell tumor in the thoracic spine mimicking spinal metastasis by frozen recapping laminoplasty in a patient with thyroid cancer

Abstract

Purpose

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor of the diffuse type (TGCT-D) involving the spine is rare. Its differential diagnosis includes metastatic disease; however, there have been few reports of spinal TGCT-D mimicking spinal metastasis in patients with a history of malignancy.

Methods

We report on a 35-year-old woman with a history of papillary thyroid cancer who was diagnosed with TGCT-D of the thoracic spine mimicking spinal metastasis. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) revealed a 1.0 × 1.0-cm lytic bone lesion involving the left T7 vertebral lamina, pedicle, and the T6–7 facet joint; the thoracic spine lesion was markedly fluorodeoxyglucose-avid on positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).

Results

Spinal metastasis was initially suspected given the patient's history of papillary thyroid cancer. Total excision was performed with recapping laminoplasty. The resected lamina was frozen in liquid nitrogen and used as a frozen autograft (frozen recapping laminoplasty) for spinal reconstruction with posterior instrumentation. Histological findings supported a diagnosis of TGCT-D. The patient had no evidence of local recurrence 2 years post-surgery. Bone union was achieved 3 years post-surgery.

Conclusions

TGCT-D can mimic metastasis in PET/CT and should be included in the differential diagnosis if a lytic lesion affecting the posterior elements of the vertebrae involves the facet joints. CT-guided biopsy is recommended for accurate diagnosis when an occult tumor, such as TGCT, is incidentally detected on PET-CT, even in patients with a history of malignant neoplasm. Frozen recapping laminoplasty is useful for complete resection of a spinal tumor, preventing local recurrence, and preservation of the posterior spinal elements.

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Thoraco-lumbar fractures with blunt traumatic aortic injury in adult patients: correlations and management

Abstract

Purpose

Traumatic thoraco-lumbar spine fracture spine with a concomitant blunt aortic injury is uncommon but potentially a fatal association. Our aim was to clarify: morphology of spinal fractures related to vascular damages and vice versa, diagnostic procedures and decision-making process for the best treatment options for spine and vessels.

Methods

We enrolled 42 cases culled from the literature and five personal ones, reviewing in detail by AO Spine Classification, Society of Vascular Surgery classification and Abbreviated Injury Scale for neurological evaluation.

Results

Most fractures were at T11–L2 (29 cases; 62%) and type C (17; 70%). 17 (38%) were neurological. Most common vascular damage was the rupture (20; 43%), followed by intimal tear (13; 28%) and pseudoaneurysm (9; 19%). Vascular injury often required open or endovascular repair before spinal fixation. Distraction developed aortic intimal damage until rupture, while flexion–distraction lumbar artery pseudoaneurysm and rotation–torsion full laceration of collateral branches. CT and angio-CT were investigations of choice, followed by angiography. Neurological condition remained unchanged in 28 cases (90%). Overall mortality was 30%, but it was higher in AIS A.

Conclusion

Relationship between thoraco-lumbar fracture and vascular lesion is rare, but potentially fatal. Comprehension of spinal biomechanics and vascular damages could be crucial to avoid poor results or decrease mortality. Frequently, traction of the aorta and its vessels is realized by C-dislocated fractures. CT and angio-CT are recommended. Spine stabilization should always follow the vascular repair. Early severe deficits worse the prognosis related to neurological recovery and survival.

Graphical abstract

These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.

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Tumor necrosis factor‐alpha inhibitors and risk of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma in a cohort of adults with rheumatologic conditions

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Alternative splice variants of DCLK1 mark cancer stem cells, promote self‐renewal and drug‐resistance, and can be targeted to inhibit tumorigenesis in kidney cancer

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Effect of a tissue selective estrogen complex on breast cancer: Role of unique properties of conjugated equine estrogen

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Multi‐regional sequencing reveals intratumor heterogeneity and positive selection of somatic mtDNA mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Impacts of human papillomavirus vaccination for different populations: A modeling study

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Soluble γc receptor attenuates anti‐tumor responses of CD8+ T cells in T cell immunotherapy

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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A randomized, controlled trial of two strategies of offering the home‐based HPV self‐sampling test to non‐ participants in the Flemish cervical cancer screening program

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in West Africa, a case–control study

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Adiposity and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: Results from the UK Biobank prospective cohort

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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A non‐canonical tumor suppressive role for the long non‐coding RNA MALAT1 in colon and breast cancers

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Genomic alterations in plasma DNA from patients with metastasized prostate cancer receiving abiraterone or enzalutamide

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Targeting EGFR‐mediated autophagy as a potential strategy for cancer therapy

International Journal of Cancer, EarlyView.


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Patient with mediastinitis caused by delayed mucosal damage after peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Patient with mediastinitis caused by delayed mucosal damage after peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Asian J Endosc Surg. 2018 Apr 15;:

Authors: Okada H, Shiwaku H, Yamashita K, Ohmiya T, Inoue H, Hasegawa S

Abstract
Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a groundbreaking procedure for treating esophageal achalasia, and many reports from various facilities have described its safety and efficacy. However, there have been few reports on adverse events. Here, we report a case of a patient with mediastinitis caused by delayed mucosal damage after POEM. This case was the most severe among all POEM cases at our hospital. A 58-year-old man had experienced dysphagia and chest tightness since he was around 50 years old. At a previous hospital, he had been diagnosed with nonerosive reflux disease and had undergone fundoplication. As his symptoms did not improve, he was referred to our department. POEM was able to be finished but a stable visual field could not be maintained throughout procedure because of strong esophageal contractions. From findings of endoscopy and esophagography after POEM, the patient was diagnosed mediastinitis caused by delayed esophageal perforation. In this case, conservative treatment (fasting, antibiotic therapy, and enteral feeding) was successful. However, the option to administer surgical treatment, such as drainage, must not be overlooked.

PMID: 29656451 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Modified maxillary reconstruction technique for Brown's class III defects by subdividing a rhomboid shaped iliac crest into 2 subunits

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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Efficacy of a clinical pathway for patients with thyroid cancer

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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Endoscopic Sinonasal Dissection Guide Roy R. Casiano Thieme Medical Publishers, New York, NY, 2012, USD $64.07, 128 pages

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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MR lymphography for sentinel lymph node detection in patients with oral cavity cancer: Preliminary clinical study

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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Elevated expression of keratin 17 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is associated with decreased survival

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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Management of leaking tracheoesophageal puncture with hyaluronic acid injection

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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Tongue cancer epidemiology in Brazil: incidence, morbidity and mortality

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


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Changing antiepilepsy drug-prescribing trends in women with epilepsy in the UK and Ireland and the impact on major congenital malformations

Objectives

After 20 years of data collection, pregnancy registers have informed prescribing practice. Various populations show trends for a reduction in valproate prescribing, which is associated with an increased risk of anatomical teratogenesis and neurodevelopmental effects in those exposed in utero. Our aim was to determine if any shifts in prescribing trends have occurred in the UK and Ireland Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register cohort and to assess if there had been any change in the overall major congenital malformation (MCM) rate over time.

Methods

The UK and Ireland Epilepsy and Pregnancy Register, a prospective, observational, registration and follow-up study established in 1996, was used to determine the changes in antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) utilised during pregnancy and the MCM rate between 1996 and 2016. Linear regression analysis was used to assess changes in AED utilisation, and Poisson regression was used for the analysis of trends in the MCM rates.

Results

Outcome data for 9247 pregnancies showed a stable percentage of monotherapy to polytherapy prescribing habits over time. After Bonferroni correction, statistically significant (p<0.003) changes were found in monotherapy prescribing with increases in lamotrigine and levetiracetam and decreases in valproate and carbamazepine use. Between 1996 and 2016, the total MCM rate showed a 2.1% reduction per year (incidence risk ratio 0.979 (95% CIs 0.956 to 1.002) but Poisson regression analysis showed that this was not statistically significant p=0.08).

Conclusion

Significant changes are seen in the prescribing habits in this cohort over 20 years, but a statistically significant change in the MCM rate was not detected. This work should be replicated on a larger scale to determine if significant changes are occurring in the MCM rate, which would allow a robust economic estimate of the benefits of improvements in prescribing practice and the personal effect of such changes.

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Association between semantic dementia and progressive supranuclear palsy

Introduction

Clinical syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) pathology may overlap. Progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome (PSPs) may co-occur with behavioural frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), non-fluent aphasia (nfPPA) and corticobasal syndrome.1 This is unsurprising, given each syndrome's association with tau pathology. We describe here a less anticipated association: between PSPs and semantic dementia (SD).

Case history

A 72-year-old man presented with an 8-year history of difficulty understanding words and phrases and recognising people and places. No behavioural changes were reported. There was no relevant family history. Neurological examination was normal. Neuropsychological examination revealed a severe disorder of semantic, and to a lesser extent, episodic memory. He could not identify high-profile famous faces and names, reporting most to be unfamiliar. He named only 2/30 pictures on the Graded naming test and scored 46/52 and 38/52 on word and picture versions of the Pyramids and Palm trees test. He performed normally on perceptual...

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C9orf72 expansion is associated with accelerated decline of respiratory function and decreased survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Introduction

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder with short survival, mainly due to respiratory failure.1 2 A pathological repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene is observed in about 10% of the European ALS population and is associated with a worse prognosis.2 3 Still, the exact function of this gene is unknown.

To understand the role of the C9orf72 expansion in disease prognosis, we tested the impact of this mutation on the respiratory function in ALS.

MethodsPatients

We studied 372 consecutive patients with ALS (according to the revised El Escorial and Awaji criteria) followed in our centre between 2000 and 2017. No patient was on non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or gastrostomized at study entry. All patients were treated with riluzole.

Demographic and clinical data were collected and C9orf72 expansion was determined. Patients were evaluated at entry and, at least, at two subsequent time...

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Screening for emotional disorders in patients with cancer using the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the BSI‐18 versus a standardized psychiatric interview (the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview)

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Treatment‐emergent hypertension and efficacy in the phase 3 Study of (E7080) lenvatinib in differentiated cancer of the thyroid (SELECT)

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Risk of oral tongue cancer among immunocompromised transplant recipients and human immunodeficiency virus‐infected individuals in the United States

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Course and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder in a cohort of psychologically distressed patients with cancer: A 4‐year follow‐up study‐methodological and statistical issues

Cancer, EarlyView.


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The role of external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of hepatocellular cancer

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Autologous transplantation versus allogeneic transplantation in patients with follicular lymphoma experiencing early treatment failure

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Reply to Course and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder in a cohort of psychologically distressed patients with cancer: A 4‐year follow‐up study‐methodological and statistical issues

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Have we found the right patient population for transplantation in follicular lymphoma?

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Erlotinib plus either pazopanib or placebo in patients with previously treated advanced non–small cell lung cancer: A randomized, placebo‐controlled phase 2 trial with correlated serum proteomic signatures

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Results of second salvage therapy in 673 adults with acute myelogenous leukemia treated at a single institution since 2000

Cancer, EarlyView.


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A symptom‐based model to predict colorectal cancer in low‐resource countries: Results from a prospective study of patients at high risk for colorectal cancer

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Improving therapy for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor‐mutant lung cancer

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Polypharmacy and patterns of prescription medication use among cancer survivors

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Erratum: Singh A, Rokes C, Gireud M, et al. Retinoic acid induces REST degradation and neuronal differentiation by modulating the expression of SCFβ‐TRCP in neuroblastoma cells. Cancer. 2011;117:5189‐5202.

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Cancer drug shortages: Awareness and perspectives from a representative sample of the US population

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Survivors of childhood cancer remain in jobs to keep health insurance

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue 8, Page 1643-1643, April 15, 2018.


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Issue Information

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue 8, Page 1631-1640, April 15, 2018.


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Assessment of brain activity during voluntary anal sphincter contraction: Comparative study in women with and without fecal incontinence

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


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Abnormal small bowel motility in patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


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Altered gastrointestinal motility involving autoantibodies in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


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MLCK‐mediated intestinal permeability promotes immune activation and visceral hypersensitivity in PI‐IBS mice

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


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Correlation between novel 3D high‐resolution manometry esophagogastric junction metrics and pH‐metry in reflux disease patients

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


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Surgical treatment outcomes of patients with T1-T2 gastric cancer: does the age matter when excellent treatment results are expected?

Abstract

Background

The proportion of early gastric cancer stages is increasing, as is the incidence of gastric cancer among the elderly population. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze surgical treatment outcomes of T1-T2 gastric cancer in elderly patients.

Methods

A total of 457 patients with T1-T2 gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy between 2005 and 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients were classified into two groups according to age (< 70 years versus ≥ 70 years). Clinicopathological features, surgical treatment results, and clinical outcomes were compared between the groups.

Results

Higher ASA score (ASA 3/4), differentiated cancer, and intestinal-type tumors were more common in elderly patients. Postoperative complication rates were similar between the two groups; however, postoperative mortality rates were significantly higher in the elderly group. Higher ASA score was independently associated with postoperative complications in the elderly group. Furthermore, severe postoperative complications were found as an independent factor associated with higher 90-day mortality rate. Elderly patients had a significantly poorer 5-year overall survival rate. Two surgery-related factors—total gastrectomy and complicated postoperative course—were revealed as independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival in the elderly group.

Conclusions

Despite higher postoperative mortality rate and poorer overall survival results, elderly patients with gastric cancer should be considered for radical surgery. ASA score may be useful for predicting surgical treatment outcomes in elderly patients undergoing surgery for GC and hence assists clinicians in planning treatment strategies for each individual patient.

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Molecular interactions at the surface of extracellular vesicles

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, and large oncosomes have been shown to participate in a wide variety of biological processes and are currently under intense investigation in many different fields of biomedicine. One of the key features of extracellular vesicles is that they have relatively large surface compared to their volume. Some extracellular vesicle surface molecules are shared with those of the plasma membrane of the releasing cell, while other molecules are characteristic for extracellular vesicular surfaces. Besides proteins, lipids, glycans, and nucleic acids are also players of extracellular vesicle surface interactions. Being secreted and present in high number in biological samples, collectively extracellular vesicles represent a uniquely large interactive surface area which can establish contacts both with cells and with molecules in the extracellular microenvironment. Here, we provide a brief overview of known components of the extracellular vesicle surface interactome and highlight some already established roles of the extracellular vesicle surface interactions in different biological processes in health and disease.

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