Role of sex hormones produced during menstrual cycle on brainstem encoding of speech stimulus.

Role of sex hormones produced during menstrual cycle on brainstem encoding of speech stimulus.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Mar 25;

Authors: Prabhu P, Banerjee N, Anil A, Abdulla A

Abstract
There are no studies attempted to determine the effects of different phases of menstrual cycle on frequency following response (FFR) for speech stimuli. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in latencies and amplitude of FFR waves recorded at four phases of menstrual cycle. In addition, it was also attempted to determine if there is any ear effect on latency and amplitude measures across the phases of menstrual cycle. FFR was recorded in 20 females in the age range of 18-25 years in the four menstrual cycles [Phase I-menses (day 1-3), Phase II-proliferative phase (day 11-14), Phase III-mid-luteal phase (day 17-22) and Phase IV-pre-menstrual phase (day 25-27)]. The results of the study showed that there was significant reduction in latencies and slight increase in amplitude during menses and mid-luteal phase compared to mid-cycle and pre-menstruation cycles. The present study supports the hypothesis that difference in the levels of sex hormones in women during menstrual cycle can affect brainstem encoding of speech stimuli.

PMID: 27015668 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Optimal time for intranasal splint removal after septoplasty: a prospective clinical study.

Optimal time for intranasal splint removal after septoplasty: a prospective clinical study.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Mar 25;

Authors: Ozdogan F, Ozel HE, Esen E, Yuce T, Eyisarac S, Genc S, Selcuk A

Abstract
To investigate the effect of intranasal splint removal time on patient comfort and possible complications after septoplasty. One hundred and nine patients who had septoplasty operations were included in this study. The patients were divided into three groups. In the 1st group (n = 36), splints were removed on the 3rd day after septoplasty; in the 2nd group (n = 36), splints were removed on the 5th day; and in the 3rd group (n = 37), splints were removed on the 7th day. Pain and nasal fullness were evaluated with visual analog scale. Synechia, perforation, hematoma, infection and hemorrhage were recorded after the removal of the splints (postoperative 1, 8 and 24 weeks). For the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd groups, respectively, pain score was 1.96, 2.67, and 2.67; and nasal fullness score was 6.23, 6.04, and 5.48. Nasal synechia was detected in two patients in the 1st group and in one patient in the 2nd group. Early hemorrhage was detected in two patients in the 1st group and one patient in the 3rd group. Infection, septal perforation and hematoma were detected in three patients in the 1st group. There was no difference in hemorrhage, hematoma, synechia and perforation rates between the three groups. There are various opinions in the literature about the ideal removal time of intranasal tampons after septoplasty, but there is no consensus on this topic. Our study shows that removal time of intranasal splints has no effect on patient comfort or possible complications.

PMID: 27015667 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Tumors of the sublingual gland: a national clinicopathologic study of 29 cases.

Tumors of the sublingual gland: a national clinicopathologic study of 29 cases.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Mar 25;

Authors: Andreasen S, Bjørndal K, Agander TK, Wessel I, Homøe P

Abstract
Tumors of the salivary glands are a heterogeneous group of diseases most often originating in the major salivary glands. Only a minor proportion of mainly malignant tumors arise in the sublingual gland. Due to the rarity of sublingual gland tumors (SGTs), little is known about the clinicopathologic characteristics, prognostic factors, and clinical course. We present a large national series of histopathologically revised SGTs from the past 35 years in Denmark with clinicopathologic correlation. Twenty nine cases were identified, of which 96.6 % were malignant and 16/28 (57.1 %) were adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC). Patient demography was similar to salivary gland tumors in other locations. All fine needle aspiration cytologies (FNACs) interpreted as benign were from ACCs. Metastatic disease was found in 12.5 % of ACCs at diagnosis with one third of all ACC patients having metastases at the end of follow-up. Stage >II and T-stage >2 were significantly associated with shortened disease-specific survival (DSS) (p = 0.005 and <0.001, respectively), whereas perineural invasion and involved margins was not. No parameters were associated with disease-free survival. In conclusion, the majority of SGTs are malignant, most frequently ACC with a high rate of metastatic spread. The diagnostic value of FNAC in SGTs seems inferior to what is found for other major salivary glands. DSS is determined by stage and T-stage and not by histopathological parameters. International collaboration is warranted to confirm and elaborate these findings in larger materials.

PMID: 27015666 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Impact of the surgical wound closure technique on the revision surgery rate after subtotal petrosectomy.

Impact of the surgical wound closure technique on the revision surgery rate after subtotal petrosectomy.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Mar 25;

Authors: Lyutenski S, Schwab B, Lenarz T, Salcher R, Majdani O

Abstract
The objective of the study was to examine the impact of the surgical wound closure technique as protection of the obliterated tympanomastoid cavity on the revision surgery rate after subtotal petrosectomy (SP). This is a retrospective case series conducted in a tertiary care referral center. 199 patients (212 ears) with recurrent chronic otitis media underwent SP followed by tympanomastoid obliteration with abdominal fat at a single tertiary referral center between 2005 and 2015. 124 SP were carried out without (group A), 74 with temporalis muscle flap (group B) and 14 with reinforcing material like polydioxanone foil or bovine pericardium or allogenic fascia lata (group C) for wound closure. The evaluated follow-up was either until the scheduled device implantation or 6 months postoperatively. We assessed the rate of postoperative wound healing disorder with revision surgery according to the surgical technique for closure of the obliterated cleft. Revision surgery due to impaired wound healing was necessary in 16 % of the total cases (group A: 18.5 %, group B: 10.8 %, group C: 21.4 %). Further analysis concerning the dehiscent area in both sites (retroauricular and blind sac of the external auditory canal) was conducted and discussed. There was no significant difference observed in the rate of revision surgery between the three groups. The wound healing process after SP is determined by many factors and cannot be significantly influenced solely by reinforcing tissue like the temporalis muscle flap or supporting materials.

PMID: 27015665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Severe descending necrotizing mediastinitis: vacuum-assisted dressing did wonder.

Severe descending necrotizing mediastinitis: vacuum-assisted dressing did wonder.

Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 Mar 25;

Authors: Liew YT, Lim EY, Zulkiflee AB, Prepageran N

Abstract
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rapidly progressive disease from the spread of cervical infection. Transcervical and transthoracic drainage was the recognized traditional surgical approach to achieve adequate clearance of infection. Non-invasive vacuum-assisted dressing is a new technique where applied negative pressure can help remove infective fluid and to promote wound healing. A 60-year-old man presented with odynophagia, fever and anterior neck swelling for 2 weeks. He was diagnosed to have anterior neck abscess and underwent surgical drainage. However, it did not respond well, but progressed to involve superior and inferior mediastinum. Vacuum-assisted dressing was applied for total of 2 weeks and the patient recovered without going through usual traditional transthoracic drainage. Vacuum drainage is a simple, safe and non-invasive method of managing DNM, in well selected group with small abscess cavity without airway obstruction and septicemia. This potential technique can lead to paradigm shift in treating life-threatening DNM.

PMID: 27016203 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction in phantom sounds.

The neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction in phantom sounds.

Brain Res. 2016 Mar 22;

Authors: Vanneste S, Faber M, Langguth B, De Ridder D

Abstract
Tinnitus is an auditory phantom percept with a tone, hissing or buzzing sound in the absence of an objective physical sound source. It has been shown that tinnitus can lead to emotional and cognitive impairment and people with tinnitus perform worse than a control group on different cognitive tasks. The hippocampus is known to play an important role in cognitive performance, and also in the pathophysiology of tinnitus. Hippocampal deficits have been described in animal models of tinnitus and in tinnitus patients a decrease in grey matter in the hippocampus has been demonstrated. Nineteen patients with tinnitus and fifteen healthy controls performed different cognitive processing tasks and underwent an EEG with source analysis to investigate the relationship between tinnitus loudness, tinnitus distress and tinnitus duration, cognitive impairment and neurophysiological changes in the hippocampus. Results show that both tinnitus loudness, tinnitus distress and tinnitus duration correlated positively with different cognitive measures (trail making test, Montreal cognitive assessment, mini mental state examination). It was also shown that these cognitive measures correlate with beta activity in the hippocampus, the pregenual and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex extending into the right insula. A region of interest analysis further confirms that beta activity in the left and right hippocampal area correlated with the trail making performance. In conclusion, these results support for the first time the notion that cognitive changes in tinnitus patients are associated with changes in hippocampal activity as well as the anterior cingulate and insula.

PMID: 27016059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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