Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Πέμπτη 1 Απριλίου 2021

Sphenoid Sinus: Pneumatization and Septation Patterns in a Hispanic Population

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Introduction: Pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus (SS) varies widely among different ethnic groups. Information regarding the prevalence and significance of SS variants among Hispanic groups is limited. This study aims to describe and analyze pneumatization and septation patterns of the SS in a Hispanic population. Methods: A total of 160 paranasal sinus computed tomographies were reviewed by a head and neck-specialized radiologist and 2 otolaryngologists. R esults: The postsellar and sellar types were the most frequent patterns of pneumatization observed, with a prevalence of 52.5 and 40%, respectively. Accessory septations were present in 59.4% of the patients. Septa were inserting over the internal carotid artery (ICA) in 43.8% and over the optic nerve in 17.5% of the population. No significant association (p #x3e; 0.05) was observed when comparing the different accessory septation patterns among the types of the SS. The frequency of septa inserting on the ICA was significantly higher in postsellar types (p #x3c; 0.001). Pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process, pterygoid processes, and greater wing was present in 20, 17.5, and 45.9% of the sinuses, respectively. Onodi cells were encountered in 40% of the sinuses. There were no significant differences in any of the pneumatization and septation variables when compared by gender and age (p #x3e; 0.05). Discussion/Conclusion: Differences regarding anatomical variants and septations of the SS were observed in our study when compared with findings reported in other ethnic groups. Preoperative assessment of the anatomical variants of the SS in Mexican patients is imperative to select the most optimal surgical approach and prevent iatrogenic injuries to related neurovascular structures.
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Pragmatic Skills in Children with Hearing Loss: Comparison Between Cochlear Implants and Hearing Aids Users

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Abstract

Pragmatic language ability denotes the ability to use language in a social context. There is a lack of research that has compared children's pragmatic skills with hearing loss with those of hearing peers. This study questioned whether children with a cochlear implant would show better pragmatic skills than children with hearing aids. 52 children were included in three groups: cochlear implant (n = 16), hearing aid (n = 16), and normal hearing (n = 20). The participants' pragmatic skills were evaluated using the Persian version of the children's communication checklist. Of the 52 participants recruited, 22 (42.3%) were males, and 30 (57.7%) were females. The mean age of the CI, HA, and NH group participants was 75.19 ± 10.80, 72.19 ± 8.68, and 68.90 ± 6.78 months, respectively (P > 0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of Speech Output and Syntax between the groups (CI, HA and NH) (P < 0.001). The hearing-impaired children show acceptable pragmatic skills in comparison with NH children. Specialists, such as teachers and clinicians, should be alert of the abilities and difficulties that the hearing-impaired children might be facing in the regular classroom.

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