Effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum on spinal cord motor neurons and microglial cells in vitro

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum on spinal cord motor neurons and microglial cells in vitro Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Aug 20;123(6):151759. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151759. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The regenerative capability of spinal cord neurons is limited to impossible. Thus, experimental approaches supporting reconstruction/regeneration are in process. This study focused on the evaluation of the protective potency of an extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP), a plant used in traditional medicine with anti-oxidative and neuroprotective activities, in vit ro on organotypic spinal cord cultures, the motor-neuron-like NSC-34 cell line and the microglial cell line BV-2. Organotypic cultures were mechanically stressed by the slicing procedure and the effect of GP on motor neuron survival and neurite sprouting was tested by immunohistochemistry. NSC-34 cells were neuronal differentiated by using special medium. Afterwards, cell survival (propidium iodide/fluorescein diacetate labeling), proliferation (BrdU-incorporation), and neurite sprouting were evaluated. BV-2 cells were stimulated with LPS/interferon γ and subjected to migration assay and nanoparticle uptake. Cell survival, proliferation and the expression pattern of different microglial activation markers (cFOS, iNOS) as well as transcription factors (PPARγ, YB1) were analyzed. In organotypic cultures, high-dose GP supported survival of motor neurons and especially of the neuronal fiber network. Despite reduced neurodegeneration, however, there was a GP-mediated activation of astr o- and microglia. In NSC-34 cells, high-dosed GP had degenerative and anti-proliferative effects, but only in normal medium. Moreover, GP supported the neuro-differentiation ability. In BV-2 cells, high-dosed GP was toxic. In lower dosages, GP affected cell survival and proliferation when combined with LPS/interferon γ. Nanoparticle uptake, migration ability, and the transcription factor PPARγ, however, GP affected directly. The data suggest positive effects of GP on injured spinal motor neurons. Moreover, GP activated microglial cells. The dual role of microglia (protective/detrimental) in neurodegenerative processes required further experiments to enhance the knowledge about GP effects. Therefore, a possible clinical use of GP in spinal cord injuries is still a long way off. PMID:34425524 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151759 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Reliability and Correlations Between Overall Severity, Roughness and Breathiness in the Perception of Dysphonic Voices: Investigating Cognitive Aspects

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Reliability and Correlations Between Overall Severity, Roughness and Breathiness in the Perception of Dysphonic Voices: Investigating Cognitive Aspects Via Journal of Voice this study concerns the subjective perception of the quality of the voice, more particularly in the case of dysphonia. Our general objective is to study the perceptual mechanisms, which constitute Hirano's GRBAS multidimensional perceptual rating scale. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

92. Jahresversammlung der DGHNO-KHT 2021 erstmals im Online-Format – eine kritische Bewertung auf Basis der Teilnehmerevaluation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader 92. Jahresversammlung der DGHNO-KHT 2021 erstmals im Online-Format – eine kritische Bewertung auf Basis der Teilnehmerevaluation Via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1579-8096 Die 92. Jahresversammlung der DGHNO-KHC wurde im Mai 2021 erstmals aufgrund der Corona-bedingten neuen Rahmenbedingungen komplett in einem Online-Format durchgeführt. Den Teilnehmern aus den Reihen der Mitglieder, Gäste und Industriepartner wurde im Anschluss ein Evaluationsfragebogen der zuständigen Landesärztekammer Nordrhein zugesandt, der inhaltlich um Fragen zu dem neuen virtuellen Format ergänzt wurde. Die Publikation fasst die Auswertung der 187 ärztlichen Rückläufer (10 % der Gesamtteilnehmerzahl) und der 25 Industrieaussteller (60 % der Industrieaussteller) zusammen und stellt ein erstes Fazit auf. In der groben Betrachtung wurde der Kongress von den ärzt lichen und wissenschaftlichen Teilnehmern trotz komplett fehlender sozialer und sehr eingeschränkter fachlicher Interaktion überwiegend positiv bewertet. Auf Seiten der Industrie bot sich ein gegenteiliges Bild. Auf die Frage an die ärztlich/wissenschaftlichen Teilnehmenden nach dem zukünftigen Format der nächsten HNO-Jahreskongresse sprachen sich 16 % für einen reinen Online-Kongress, 67 % für einen Präsenzkongress mit Online-Elementen und lediglich 17 % für einen reinen Präsenzkongress aus. Auf die Frage an die Industrie, welche Art der Ausstellung in Zukunft bevorzugt würde, sprachen sich 68 % für die reine Präsenzausstellung im Rahmen eines Präsenzkongresses aus. 32 % konnten sich für Präsenz mit Online-Elementen erwärmen. Eine zukünftig komplette Online-Industrieausstellung wurde mit 0 % Zustimmung abgewählt. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Abdomen and thorax clinical anatomy: from viscera morphology and vascularization to epidural and caudal anesthetic techniques

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Abdomen and thorax clinical anatomy: from viscera morphology and vascularization to epidural and caudal anesthetic techniques Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Aug 24. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02823-5. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34427734 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02823-5 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak after Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Via Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base J Neurol Surg B Skull Base DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733918 Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is widely recognized as a challenging and commonly occurring postoperative complication of transsphenoidal surgery (TSS).The primary objective of this study is to benchmark the current prevalence of CSF leak after TSS in the adult population. Methods The authors followed the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles reporting CSF leak after TSS in the adult population. Meta-analysis was performed using the Untransformed Proportion metric in OpenMetaAnalyst. For two between-group comparisons a generalized linear mixed model was applied. Results We identified 2,408 articles through the database search, of which 70, published since 2015, were included in this systematic review. These studies yielded 24,979 patients who underwent a total of 25,034 transsphenoidal surgeries. The overall prevalence of postoperative CSF leak was 3.4% (95% confidence interval or CI 2.8–4.0%). The prevalence of CSF leak found in patients undergoing pituitary adenoma resection was 3.2% (95% CI 2.5–4.2%), whereas patients who underwent TSS for another indication had a CSF leak prevalence rate of 7.1% (95% CI 3.0–15.7%) (odds ratio [OR] 2.3, 95% CI 0.9–5.7). Patients with cavernous sinus invasion (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1–8.7) and intraoperative CSF leak (OR 5.9, 95% CI 3.8–9.0) have increased risk of postoperative CSF leak. Previous TSS and microscopic surgery are not significantly associated with postoperative CSF leak. Conclusion The overall recent prevalence of CSF leak after TSS in adults is 3.4%. Intraoperative CSF leak and cavernous sinus invasion appear to be significant risk factors for postoperative CSF leak. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full t ext View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Screening of Organ-Specific Autoantibodies in a Large Cohort of Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Screening of Organ-Specific Autoantibodies in a Large Cohort of Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Coexisting with Graves' Disease Involving T3 Thyrotoxicosis due to Increased D1 and D2 Activities

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Coexisting with Graves' Disease Involving T3 Thyrotoxicosis due to Increased D1 and D2 Activities Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Above and Beyond Age: Prediction of Major Postoperative Adverse Events in Head and Neck Surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Above and Beyond Age: Prediction of Major Postoperative Adverse Events in Head and Neck Surgery Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Aug 20:34894211041222. doi: 10.1177/00034894211041222. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Major postoperative adverse events (MPAEs) following head and neck surgery are not infrequent and lead to significant morbidity. The objective of this study was to ascertain which factors are most predictive of MPAEs in patients undergoing head and neck surgery. METHODS: A cohort study was carried out based on data from patients registered in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) from 2006 to 2018. All patients undergoing non-ambulatory head and neck surgery based on Current Procedural Terminology codes were included. Perioperative factors were evaluated to predict MPAEs within 30-days of surgery. Age was classified as both a continuous and categorical variable. Retained factors were classified by attributable fraction and C-statistic. Multivariate regression and supervised machine learning models were used to quantify the contribution of age as a predictor of MPAEs. RESULTS: A total of 43 701 operations were analyzed with 5106 (11.7%) MPAEs. The results of supervised machine learning indicated that prolonged surgeries, anemia, free tissue transfer, weight loss, wound classification, hypoalbuminemia, wound infection, tracheotomy (concurrent with index head and neck surgery), American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) class, and sex as most predictive of MPAEs. On multivariate regression, ASA class (2 1.3%), hypertension on medication (15.8%), prolonged operative time (15.3%), sex (13.1%), preoperative anemia (12.8%), and free tissue transfer (9%) had the largest attributable fractions associated with MPAEs. Age was independently associated with MPAEs with an attributable fraction ranging from 0.6% to 4.3% with poor predictive ability (C-statistic 0.60). CONCLUSION: Surgical, comorbid, and frailty-related factors were most predictive of short-term MPAEs following head and neck surgery. Age alone contributed a small attributable fraction and poor prediction of MPAEs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3. PMID:34416844 | DOI:10.1177/00034894211041222 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Combination of radiotherapy and targeted therapy for melanoma brain metastases: a systematic review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Combination of radiotherapy and targeted therapy for melanoma brain metastases: a systematic review Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Radiotherapy is a mainstay of efficient treatment of brain metastases from solid tumors. Immunotherapy has improved the survival of metastatic cancer patients across many tumor types. However, targeted therapy is a feasible alternative for patients unable to continue immunotherapy or with poor outcomes of immunothera py. The combination of radiotherapy and targeted therapy for the treatment of brain metastases has a strong theoretical underpinning, but data on the efficacy and safety of this combination is still limited. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane library database was conducted. Eleven studies were included for a total of 316 patients. Median OS was about 6.2–17.8 months from radiotherapy. Weighted survival and local control at 1 and 2 years were correlated (50.1 and 17.8%, 90.7 and 14.7% at 1 and 2 year, respectively). Radiotherapy given before or concurrently to targeted therapy provided the best effect on the outcome. For patients with brain metastases from cutaneous melanoma, the addition of concurrent targeted therapy to brain radiotherapy can increase survival and provide long-term control. Received 26 January 2021 Accepted 4 June 2021 Correspondence to Juan Su, MD, Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China, Tel: +86 731 8432 8888, +86 151 1640 8921; e-mail: sujuanderm@csu.edu.cn This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The enhancement of Tetrandrine to gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 cytochemical sensitivity involves the promotion of PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated apoptosis and AMPK-regulated autophagy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The enhancement of Tetrandrine to gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 cytochemical sensitivity involves the promotion of PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated apoptosis and AMPK-regulated autophagy Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Aug 17;123(6):151769. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151769. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In the process of tumor development, the resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine (GEM) is mainly due to the suppression and dysregulation of apoptosis signals to a large extent. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop pro-apoptotic drugs for combined treatment of pancreatic cancer to increase the activity of GEM and improve the prognosis o f pancreatic cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: GEM-resistant PANC-1 cells were treated with increasing doses of GEM. The effects of GEM and TET on apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 staining. We also evaluated the expression of survivin by real-time PCR, and the expression levels of proteins involved in apoptosis, autophagy, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling were detected by western blotting. The results showed that TET downregulated expression of survivin by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway to promote pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis, thereby enhancing pancreatic cancer cell sensitivity to GEM. Moreover, TET enhanced cytotoxic and autophagy-dependent cell death by upregulating the AMPK-autophagy axis, and this effect was reversed by inhibition of AMPK. CONCLUSIONS: TET promotes apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and promotes autophagy via up-regulating the AMPK signaling pathway to play an anti-tumor effect in GEM-re sistant pancreatic cancer cells, which represents a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer. PMID:34416437 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151769 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Dupilumab for STAT3-Hyper-IgE Syndrome With Refractory Intestinal Complication

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Dupilumab for STAT3-Hyper-IgE Syndrome With Refractory Intestinal Complication Via Traditional dysphagia therapy Pediatrics. 2021 Aug 20:e2021050351. doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-050351. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT STAT3 hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (STAT3-HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by elevated serum immunoglobulin E levels, eczema, recurrent skin and respiratory tract infections, and several gastrointestinal (GI) problems. GI manifestations, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, dysphagia, abdominal pain, gut dysmotility, bowel perforation, eosinophilic esophagitis, and diarrhea, have been reported in 60% of patients. Until now, there was no efficient treatment that could effectively manage all aspects of the syndrome. In this report, we present the case of a 21-year-old man who suffered from undetectable pathogenic refractory diarrhea that persisted >21 days despite aggressive antibiotic and steroid treatment since he was 2 years old. STAT3 Int10(-2)A > G splicing mutation-caused STAT 3-HIES was diagnosed by next-generation sequencing. The patient had suffered recurrent intestinal and colon perforations since he was 10 years old. He had received multiple surgeries and continuous systemic intravenous immunoglobulin therapy to manage his GI symptoms. However, refractory diarrhea occurring >5 to 6 times per day with severe eczematous dermatitis and frequent abscess formation remained threats to his life. Dupilumab 300 mg every 3 weeks was prescribed to control his skin problems, but the patient's diarrhea also completely subsided. As such, it appears that dupilumab may not only effectively treat the skin inflammation but also the GI manifestation-related inflammation of STAT3-HIES refractory to traditional immunomodulators. PMID:34417287 | DOI:10.1542/peds.2021-050351 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.