Rehabilitation of Visual Loss: Where We Are and Where We Need to Be

Background: Spontaneous recovery of visual loss resulting from injury to the brain is variable. A variety of traditional rehabilitative strategies, including the use of prisms or compensatory saccadic eye movements, have been used successfully to improve visual function and quality-of-life for patients with homonymous hemianopia. More recently, repetitive visual stimulation of the blind area has been reported to be of benefit in expanding the field of vision. Evidence Acquisition: We performed a literature review with main focus on clinical studies spanning from 1963 to 2016, including 52 peer-reviewed articles, relevant cross-referenced citations, editorials, and reviews. Results: Repetitive visual stimulation is reported to expand the visual field, although the interpretation of results is confounded by a variety of methodological factors and conflicting outcomes from different research groups. Many studies used subjective assessments of vision and did not include a sufficient number of subjects or controls. Conclusions: The available clinical evidence does not strongly support claims of visual restoration using repetitive visual stimulation beyond the time that spontaneous visual recovery might occur. This lack of firm supportive evidence does not preclude the potential of real benefit demonstrated in laboratories. Additional well-designed clinical studies with adequate controls and methods to record ocular fixation are needed. Address correspondence to Behzad Mansouri, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Neurology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, and Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Manitoba, 2735 Pembina Hwy, R3T2H5, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; E-mail: behzad.mansouri@umanitoba.ca. The authors report no conflicts of interest. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the full text and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (http://ift.tt/2BFTkP1). © 2017 by North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

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