Clinical Study of Second Branchial Cleft Anomalies

Objective: The objective of this study was to review the clinical characteristics and surgical treatment outcomes of second branchial cleft anomalies, and to evaluate the usefulness and accuracy of preoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of branchial cleft cysts. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016. Results: Among 25 patients with second branchial cleft anomalies, in 23 patients (92.0%), these anomalies presented as cysts, and in the remaining 2 patients (8.0%), these anomalies presented as fistulas. Fine-needle aspiration cytology had a diagnostic sensitivity of 100%, a positive-predictive value of 100%, and accuracy of 100% for diagnosing second branchial cleft cyst. All patients of second branchial cleft anomalies were treated surgically under general anesthesia. No recurrence of second branchial cleft anomalies was observed. Conclusion: Branchial cleft cysts were the most common type of second branchial cleft anomalies. Preoperative FNAC is a useful and accurate method for preoperative evaluation of branchial cleft cysts. Surgical excision of second branchial cleft anomalies is the treatment of choice without any complications and with no recurrence. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Joon Kyoo Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsimri, Hwasun, Jeonnam 519-809, South Korea; E-mail: joonkyoo@jnu.ac.kr; Dong Hoon Lee, MD, PhD, Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, 160 Ilsimri, Hwasun, Jeonnam 519-809, South Korea; E-mail: leen3l@hanmail.net Received 14 June, 2017 Accepted 12 February, 2018 The authors report no conflicts of interest. © 2018 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD.

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