Researchers at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found out that hearing loss in preschoolers who have undergone cardiac surgery during infancy could be 20 times more than in the one percent incidence in the general population.
Three hundred forty-eight children, who had surgery for their congenital heart disease (CHD), underwent audiologic and neurodevelopmental evaluations as part of a prospective study on neurodevelopmental progress at the age of 4. Researchers looked into the possible contributing factors of hearing loss and the impact of the hearing impairment on neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Senior author Nancy B. Burnham, RN, MSN, CRNP explained that the parent study was inspired by the increasing evidence of impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with CHD who require surgery as infants. These outcomes have so many inter-individual variations.
"Audiological testing at the time of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded evaluation was primarily done because of the cognitive and speech evaluation to make sure they did not have associated hearing loss," Burnham told The Hearing Journal. "I don't know if we knew we would discover such a high prevalence of hearing loss."
The study reported that the prevalence of hearing loss was 21.6 percent. Specifically, the prevalence of conductive hearing loss was 12.4 percent; the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss was 6.9 percent, and the indeterminate hearing loss was 2.3 percent. Only 18 preschoolers out of the 348 subjects were tested for hearing loss prior to the study. Ten subjects were already using hearing aids. The study suggested that hearing loss was associated with longer postoperative duration of stay, the presence of a genetic anomaly, and younger gestational age. Effects of the hearing loss included worse neurodevelopmental outcomes in language, cognition, and attention.
Burnham said that the impact of the findings of the study is "without a doubt, the importance of early screening and early testing."
When asked about possible measures to prevent the unintended hearing loss from cardiac surgery in infancy, given that younger gestational age, genetic anomaly, and longer postoperative duration of stay are the risk factors, Burnham explained: "There might be modifiable factors but additional research would be required. Duration of stay is a potential area of research. What about the longer length of stay increases the risk for hearing impairment? Perhaps the many ototoxic drugs they receive during their hospital stay (a potential mechanism for future study). Research has shown babies with CHD brains are more immature than their associated GA at birth. If there were measures that would reduce preterm or near-term births that might have an impact."
Three hundred forty-eight children, who had surgery for their congenital heart disease (CHD), underwent audiologic and neurodevelopmental evaluations as part of a prospective study on neurodevelopmental progress at the age of 4. Researchers looked into the possible contributing factors of hearing loss and the impact of the hearing impairment on neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Senior author Nancy B. Burnham, RN, MSN, CRNP explained that the parent study was inspired by the increasing evidence of impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with CHD who require surgery as infants. These outcomes have so many inter-individual variations.
"Audiological testing at the time of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded evaluation was primarily done because of the cognitive and speech evaluation to make sure they did not have associated hearing loss," Burnham told The Hearing Journal. "I don't know if we knew we would discover such a high prevalence of hearing loss."
The study reported that the prevalence of hearing loss was 21.6 percent. Specifically, the prevalence of conductive hearing loss was 12.4 percent; the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss was 6.9 percent, and the indeterminate hearing loss was 2.3 percent. Only 18 preschoolers out of the 348 subjects were tested for hearing loss prior to the study. Ten subjects were already using hearing aids. The study suggested that hearing loss was associated with longer postoperative duration of stay, the presence of a genetic anomaly, and younger gestational age. Effects of the hearing loss included worse neurodevelopmental outcomes in language, cognition, and attention.
Burnham said that the impact of the findings of the study is "without a doubt, the importance of early screening and early testing."
When asked about possible measures to prevent the unintended hearing loss from cardiac surgery in infancy, given that younger gestational age, genetic anomaly, and longer postoperative duration of stay are the risk factors, Burnham explained: "There might be modifiable factors but additional research would be required. Duration of stay is a potential area of research. What about the longer length of stay increases the risk for hearing impairment? Perhaps the many ototoxic drugs they receive during their hospital stay (a potential mechanism for future study). Research has shown babies with CHD brains are more immature than their associated GA at birth. If there were measures that would reduce preterm or near-term births that might have an impact."
Published: 3/27/2018 9:00:00 AM
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