Is atypical swallowing associated with relapse in orthognathic patients ? A retrospective study of 256 patients

Publication date: Available online 15 September 2017
Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Jean-Marc Foletti, Gregory S. Antonarakis, Camille Galant, Delphine S. Courvoisier, Paolo Scolozzi
PurposeTo determine the association of atypical swallowing (AS) with relapse in patients undergoing combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment.Patients and MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, clinical data of all patients who underwent a combined surgical-orthodontic treatment between 1998 and 2015 at the University Hospital of Geneva were reviewed. The primary outcome variables were (1) AS and (2) post-treatment relapse. Other variables included, age, sex, dentofacial deformity (facial asymmetry, mandibular deficiency, mandibular excess, maxillary retrusion, open bite), surgical procedure performed (bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) and/or Le Fort I osteotomy), dental inter-occlusal relationships according to Angle.ResultsAmong the 256 patients investigated, 23 (9%) showed relapse at one-year post-treatment. Multivariate analysis showed that the AS status (before treatment: p=0.005 and OR=9.44; after treatment: p<0.001 and OR=56.17 and at both times: p<0.001 and OR=20.49) was significantly associated with relapse. The presence of a pre-treatment open bite was also associated with an increased risk of relapse (p<0.001 and OR=0.04) regardless of AS status.ConclusionThe present study demonstrated that in orthognathic patients: (1) AS was associated with relapse regardless of dentofacial deformity or surgical procedure performed; (2) AS may appear after treatment in patients who were initially free of it.



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