The associations of sleep disturbances with dimensional psychotic experiences and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Introduction: Sleep disturbances are distressing complaints commonly reported in individuals with psychotic disorders. Whilst increasing evidence suggests the continuum of psychosis, there has been a paucity of data on the association of sleep disturbances, including insomnia and nightmares, with specific dimensional psychotic experiences. The objectives of this study were to examine sleep disturbances in relation to dimensional psychotic experiences and quality of life in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

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Lasting effects of early postnatal use of clomipramine on sleep-wakefulness cycle are ameliorated by ICV microinjection of Orexin-a (Hypocretin-1) and Orexin-b (Hypocretin-2)

Introduction: The main goal of present study was to consider hypothalamic Orexin (Hypocretin) producing neurons as the neurochemicaly identified cell population functional over-activation of which will contribute to the normalization of sleep-wakefulness disturbances produced in adult rats by their early postnatal exposure to Clomipramine. Pre-clinical studies have shown before that early postnatal exposure of rat pups to Clomipramine have lasting effects manifested in adult age in behavioral and sleep disturbances alike to disorders characteristic for major depressive disease (MDD).

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Factors influencing compliance to continuous positive airway pressure treatment in obstructive sleep apnea and mortality associated with treatment failure

Background and objectives: Poor compliance to therapy with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major clinical problem. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for and protective factors against discontinuation of CPAP and to estimate the mortality risk associated with CPAP treatment failure.

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Severity of REM sleep muscle atonia loss in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder correlates with the degree of abnormalities in the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials

Introduction: The aim of this research is to correlate the severity of REM atonia loss in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) with vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) scores, which provide an indirect measure of severity of VEMP alterations. Brainstem dysfunction in established Parkinson's Disease (PD) has been associated with a consistent VEMP impairment, with alterations reported even in the early stages of the disease1,2. A misfunction of complex neurotransmitter connections within the brainstem probably accounts for the pathophysiology of iRBD, which is thought to predate synucleinopathies, such as PD, by many years3.

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The circadian rhythms of oxidative stress markers and melatonin metabolite in patients with autistic spectrum disorders

Introduction: Patients with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) often have sleep problems, such as having difficulties in falling asleep, awakening frequently during night and waking up early in the morning. The relation between melatonin and sleep problems in ASD patients has been reported. Oxidative stress originates from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, and the antioxidant capacities of cells and organs. The relationship between oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disease has been reported.

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Perceived sleep quality of sleep profiles derived from connected sleep detector data

Introduction: The advance of connected sleep detection devices enables collecting sleep data automatically in free-living settings of large cohorts over long periods. This data is valuable in understanding which sleep patterns are most important for perceived sleep quality, which can in turn help people effectively improve their sleep.

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Comorbid insomnia and sleep apnoea is associated with greater neurocognitive impairment compared with OSA alone

Introduction: Comorbid insomnia with sleep apnoea (COMISA) affects as many as 30% of patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and may compound the negative health consequences associated with both conditions. The aim of this study was to compare neurocognitive function between patients with COMISA to patients with OSA alone.

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Open your mouth! Should the somnologist care more about your teeth? Relations between sleep bruxism distribution and non-restorative sleep

Introduction: Beyond increased and abnormal teeth attrition, Sleep Bruxism (SB) may also directly impact sleep quality and related symptoms. We aimed at unraveling the existing relationships between nocturnal SB events (i.e. type, duration and sleep stage incidence) and structured clinical evaluations regarding sleep related daytime symptoms.

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Respiratory-related leg movements are associated with serotonergic antidepressants but not bupropion

Introduction: Respiratory-related leg movements (RRLMs) are contractions of the anterior tibialis occurring at the termination of respiratory events. Respiratory events terminating with such a leg movement produce larger heart rate increases than events without a leg movement, suggesting that RRLMs may potentially be a marker for the increased cardiovascular risk associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and venlafaxine, but not bupropion, increase the risk for periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS).

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Using melatonin for shift workers with initial insomnia

Introduction: Difficulty to fall asleep and poor sleep quality are common within shift workers. Melatonin could improve around all the mentioned problems.

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Sleep-dependent motor sequence memory consolidation in individuals with periodic limb movements

Introduction: Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is a neurodegenerative disease resulting from striatal dopamine deficiency, characterized by periodic limb movements (PLMs), associated with disrupted non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Motor skill memory consolidation recruits the striatum, and learning-dependent striatal activation is associated with NREM sleep. Therefore, we investigated whether individuals with clinically significant PLMs had learning and sleep-related memory deficits, and if these deficits related to sleep quality and symptom severity.

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Estimating burden of disease among blind individuals with non 24 hour sleep wake disorder

Introduction: Non 24 Hour Sleep Wake Disorder (N24HSWD) is a circadian rhythm disorder with a significant impact on social and occupational functioning. We utilized longitudinal sleep diary data in order to quantify the burden of disease in blind patients with N24HSWD. Daytime sleep episodes interfere with school work and social activities and therefore Daytime Sleep Free Days (DSFD) can act as a surrogate of healthy days for patients with N24HSWD.

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Nocturnal panic attacks

Introduction: Nocturnal panic attacks have been described in patients with major psychiatric disorders. These nocturnal attacks generate fear and disarray, besides other generalized symptoms of anxiety, hence the importance of an early diagnosis and prevention of comorbidities.

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Effects of listening to music prior to napping on endocrine and autonomic nervous system activity

Introduction: Previous studies have indicated that music can influence human emotions. However, the effect of music prior to napping remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of listening to music on endocrine and autonomic nervous system activity prior to napping.

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Effects of hypoglossal nerve stimulation on tongue strength and endurance : prospective study

Background: Neuromuscular changes in patients with OSA might occur when treated with the application of unilateral THN.

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Illness representation in chronic insomnia: exploratory study of social and cultural beliefs in Russia

Introduction: Chronic insomnia is characterized by specific beliefs about sleep (Morin, 2010) and sleep-related behavior (Perlis et al., 2011) that perpetuate its course. According to common-sense model (Leventhal et al., 2003) social and cultural context is an important source of such beliefs and behavior. However, rare research on insomnia based on this model (Morgan et al., 2003, Jorgensen, 2008) does not concentrate on culture- or country-specific beliefs. In Russia where more than 70% of patients with chronic insomnia continue to have disturbed sleep hygiene (Rasskazova, 2008) such studies are of high importance.

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The evaluation of results of expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty by acoustic pharyngometry

Introduction: We mainly aimed to find answers to the following questions. i) Could we predict the success of expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (ESP) with preoperative acoustic pharyngometric (AP) analysis in patients with sleep apnea? ii) Could we interpret the results of ESP by AP postoperatively?

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At what age do children demonstrate an understanding of the vocabulary associated with sleep?

Introduction: When hypersomnolence is suspected, children and their parents are routinely screened using one of a number of available surveys. The vocabulary used in these surveys is sleep-specific and possibly adult-oriented, thus it is questionable whether younger children really do comprehend the intent of the questions. The present study aimed to identify children's understanding of the terminology utilised in sleep surveys, particularly the Paediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). The PDSS was originally developed by Drake, Nickel, Burduvali, Roth, Jefferson, and Badia (2003) as a measure of sleepiness for 11-15 year olds.

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Quantitative analysis of sleep patterns of inattentive and combined ADHD subtypes. Do exist differentiate sleep patterns?

Introduction: Following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in its revised version DSM 5, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and/or inattention in childhood (Ramos-Quiroga, Montoya, Kutzelnigg, Deberdt, & Sobanski, 2013). ADHD can be divided into three subtypes: predominantly inattentive ADHD (ADHD-I), predominantly hyperactive/impulsive ADHD (ADHD), and ADHD of the combined type (ADHD-C). It's one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders and Sleep problems may appear especially in ADHD (Tomás et al., 2008).

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Genetic, clinical and treatment heterogeneity of three patients with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome

Introduction: Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare disorder characterized by sleep-related hypoventilation predominantly during NREM sleep. It´s caused by mutations in PHOX2B, in most cases due to heterozygous expansions of a 20-polyalanine tract on exon 3 (PARMs mutations). Usually the first symptoms appear in the neonatal period, but few cases have a late-onset (LO-CHS).

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