Strategies for Reducing Fatal Complications in Liposuction

Background: Liposuction has become one of the most common cosmetic surgical procedures, and severe complications secondary to this procedure have also increased significantly. That is why we carry out a research work to know the most frequent severe complications reported in the scientific literature to indicate criteria for prevention. Methods: English-language scientific publications about liposuction and its complications were analyzed using the PubMed.gov, from the beginning of PubMed's history through June 10, 2017. Five terms were used to define liposuction and its complications: "liposuction," "liposuction AND complications," liposuction AND major complications," "liposuction AND complications AND death," and "liposuction AND death." The quantities of results for the 5 phrases were analyzed, along with their contents. Results: One thousand sixty-three results were obtained from 1973 through June 10, 2017 for the phrase "Liposuction and Complications" in humans; for "Liposuction and Major Complications," 153 articles were found; for "Liposuction and Deaths," 89 articles were found; and 42 articles were obtained with the terms "Liposuction and Major Complications and Deaths." After final depuration, all those that were not specific to severe liposuction complications were eliminated, leaving a total of 39 articles that were included in our study. Five problems proved to be the most serious complications when performing liposuction: Thromboembolic disease, fat embolism, pulmonary edema, lidocaine intoxication, and intraabdominal visceral lesion. Conclusions: The 5 most important complications that can cause death in liposuction are easily preventable using simple measures and proper safety protocols that are described in this work. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. Published online 25 October 2017. Received for publication August 8, 2017; accepted August 29,2017. Disclosure: The authors have no financial interest to declare in relation to the content of this article. The Article Processing Charge was paid for by the authors. Lázaro Cárdenas-Camarena, Innovare Cirugía Plástica Especializada, Av Verona 7412, Fraccionamiento Viila Verona, Zapopan, Jalisco, México, E-mail: drlazaro@drlazarocardenas.com Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. All rights reserved.

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