Celiac Disease by The Age of 13 Years is Not Associated With Probiotics Administration in Infancy

ABSTRACT Probiotics are theoretically promising in primary prevention of celiac disease (CD), but research evidence on the topic is scarce. We used the data and material of a clinical double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial on primary allergy prevention (n = 1223) to investigate in an exploratory study whether administration of a mix of pro- and prebiotics during late pregnancy and first 6 months of life was associated with prevalence of CD during 13-year follow-up. Children who fulfilled diagnostic criteria for CD (n = 11) and subjects with a serum sample available for analyzing CD-antibodies (n = 867) were included. CD or elevated tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies were not associated with probiotics or placebo. Nor were there any associations with the mode of delivery, the duration of exclusive or total breastfeeding or respiratory infections during the first 2 years of life. Allergic diseases or sensitization by the age of 2 or 5 years were not clearly associated with the development of CD. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Emma Merike Savilahti, Biomedicum 1, POB 700, 00029 HUS (Helsinki) Finland (e-mail: emma.savilahti@hus.fi). Received 21 September, 2017 Accepted 15 November, 2017 Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The study was funded by Helsinki University Central Hospital research funds and the Foundation for Pediatric Research. © 2017 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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