Abstract: Protein secondary structure (PSS) describes the local folded structures which get formed inside a polypeptide due to interactions among atoms of the backbone. Generally, globular proteins are divided into four classes, namely all-α, all-β, α + β, and α/β. As nearly 90% of proteins fall into the said four classes, these are mostly considered for the purpose of computational classification of proteins. Classification of PSS is important for different biological functions...
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Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 5, May 2020. ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the relationship of Helicobacter pylori infection with alcohol and smoking.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among participants who underwent health check-ups for H. pylori infection between January 2013 and March 2017. We subsequently investigated the relationship of H. pylori infection with alcohol and smoking.ResultsA total of 7169 participants were enrolled in this study. The overall...
Thu May 28, 2020 14:52
Journal of International Medical Research, Volume 48, Issue 5, May 2020. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of multisystem autoimmune small vessel diseases. We report here a case of a 68-year-old woman who initially presented with 29-day history of chest pain, malaise and anorexia. Cardiac problems were ruled out and she was considered to have pneumonia. Her symptoms persisted and blood tests showed renal impairment and evidence of an inflammatory response....
Thu May 28, 2020 14:50
A positive feedback mechanism between tropical cyclones (TCs) and climate warming can be seen by examining TC-induced energy and potential vorticity (PV) changes of oceanic geostrophic eddies. We found that substantial dissipation of eddies, with a strong bias toward dissipation of anticyclonic eddies, is directly linked to TC activity. East of Taiwan, where TCs show a remarkable intensifying trend in recent decades, the ocean exhibits a corresponding upward trend of positive PV anomalies. Carried...
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
The current pandemic coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was recently identified in patients with an acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To compare its pathogenesis with that of previously emerging coronaviruses, we inoculated cynomolgus macaques with SARS-CoV-2 or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)–CoV and compared the pathology and virology with historical reports of SARS-CoV infections. In SARS-CoV-2–infected macaques, virus...
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
Spin glasses are a highly complex magnetic state of matter intricately linked to spin frustration and structural disorder. They exhibit no long-range order and exude aging phenomena, distinguishing them from quantum spin liquids. We report a previously unknown type of spin glass state, the spin-Q glass, observable in bulk-like crystalline metallic neodymium thick films. Using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy combined with ab initio calculations and atomistic spin-dynamics simulations,...
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
Amrute et al. (Reports, 25 October 2019, p. 485) claimed that no methods were able to produce high-purity α-Al2O3 with surface areas greater than 100 m2 g–1, even though much higher surface areas up to 253 m2 g–1 have been reported. Moreover, the materials they obtained could be porous aggregates and may not be 13-nm nanoparticles, as claimed.
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
Li et al. commented that our report claims that methods reported thus far cannot enable the production of high-purity corundum with surface areas greater than 100 m2 g–1, and that our obtained material could be porous aggregates rather than nanoparticles. We disagree with both of these suggestions.
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
Ecosystem process rates typically increase after plant invasion, but the extent to which this is driven by (i) changes in productivity, (ii) exotic species’ traits, or (iii) novel (non-coevolved) biotic interactions has never been quantified. We created communities varying in exotic plant dominance, plant traits, soil biota, and invertebrate herbivores and measured indicators of carbon cycling. Interactions with soil biota and herbivores were the strongest drivers of exotic plant effects, particularly...
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
Ribosomes can produce proteins in minutes and are largely constrained to proteinogenic amino acids. Here, we report highly efficient chemistry matched with an automated fast-flow instrument for the direct manufacturing of peptide chains up to 164 amino acids long over 327 consecutive reactions. The machine is rapid: Peptide chain elongation is complete in hours. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by the chemical synthesis of nine different protein chains that represent enzymes, structural...
Thu May 28, 2020 20:40
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