Objective Preclinical evidence with nilotinib, a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved drug for leukemia, indicates improvement in Alzheimer's disease phenotypes. We investigated whether nilotinib is safe, and detectable in cerebrospinal fluid, and alters biomarkers and clinical decline in Alzheimer's disease. Methods This single‐center, phase 2, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study investigated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of nilotinib, and measured...
Thu May 28, 2020 19:10
Coronaviruses are pathogens that target the human respiratory system. Previous outbreaks of coronaviruses include severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) [1] and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) [2]. In December, 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause was reported in Wuhan, China [3]. Chinese scientists rapidly identified the causative agent as a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by sequencing the complete genome from lower respiratory tract samples of patients in Wuhan [4]. The WHO...
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
As the COVID-19 spread continues to challenge the societal and professional norms, radiotherapy around the globe is pushed into an unprecedented transformation. We will discuss how clinical physics has transformed to ascertain safety and quality standards across four facilities around the world through diversity of action, innovation, and scientific flexibility.
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
Cervical cancer is a deadly disease and the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to further impact its lethality. Hypofractionated radiotherapy could mitigate this impact, however robust data in cervical cancer setting still is lacking. Information provided here could help institutions in reducing radiotherapy fractions for cervical cancer patients.
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
As outbreaks surged worldwide, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the WHO on March 11th, 2020[1]. In-hospital tight security measures were imposed like never before in human memory. This was particularly true for those institutions that, while providing emergency care to COVID-19 patients, sticked to their primitive commitment, such as cancer centers[2]. Ensuring a continuum of care is pivotal for oncologic patients as timely diagnosis and treatment are potentially lifesaving. To preserve it, cancer...
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
The Journal of Antibiotics, Published online: 29 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41429-020-0327-0Voluhemins, new inhibitors of sterol O-acyltransferase, produced by Volutella citrinella BF-0440
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The Journal of Antibiotics, Published online: 28 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41429-020-0325-2In memory of Professor Arnold L. Demain
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
The Journal of Antibiotics, Published online: 28 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41429-020-0326-1Professor Arnold L. Demain, a great scientist and founder of a research school. Working with A.L. Demain at MIT.
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
The Journal of Antibiotics, Published online: 28 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41429-020-0324-3Remembering Emeritus Professor Arnold L. Demain (April 26, 1927–April 3, 2020)
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
Surgical Infections, Ahead of Print.
Thu May 28, 2020 10:00
Surgical Infections, Ahead of Print.
Thu May 28, 2020 10:00
The aim of this work was to review Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System (NI-RADS) that was designed for reporting and surveillance of head and neck cancer after therapy and their subsequent management. The categories of NI-RADS can be designated as belonging in 1 of the 4 categories: negative; low suspicion; high suspicion; and definite recurrence. Lexicon of NI-RADS-1 shows nonmass-like distortion of soft tissues, NI-RADS-2 lesions divided into mucosal (2A) versus deep (2B) abnormalities, NI-RADS-3...
Wed May 27, 2020 03:00
Stem Cells and Development, Ahead of Print.
Thu May 28, 2020 10:00
The C-terminal domain (CTD) is an essential domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, Rpb1p, and is composed of 26 tandem repeats of a seven-amino acid sequence, YSPTSPS. Despite being an essential domain within an essential gene, we have previously demonstrated that the CTD coding region is genetically unstable. Furthermore, yeast with a truncated or mutated CTD sequence are capable of promoting spontaneous genetic expansion or contraction of this coding region to improve fitness. We investigated...
Thu May 28, 2020 23:01
Maize landraces are well adapted to their local environments and present valuable sources of genetic diversity for breeding and conservation. But the maintenance of open-pollinated landraces in ex-situ programs is challenging, as regeneration of seed can often lead to inbreeding depression and the loss of diversity due to genetic drift. Recent reports suggest that the production of doubled-haploid (DH) lines from landraces may serve as a convenient means to preserve genetic diversity in a homozygous...
Thu May 28, 2020 23:01
Plasma concentration of Cystatin C (CysC) level is a biomarker of glomerular filtration rate in the kidney. We use a Systems Genetics approach to investigate the genetic determinants of plasma CysC concentration. To do so we perform Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) and expression QTL (eQTL) analysis of 120 Diversity Outbred (DO) female mice, 56 weeks of age. We performed network analysis of kidney gene expression to determine if the gene modules with common functions are associated with kidney biomarkers...
Thu May 28, 2020 23:01
SUMMARY:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious public health crisis and can have neurologic manifestations. This is a retrospective observational case series performed March 1–31, 2020, at New York University Langone Medical Center campuses. Clinical and imaging data were extracted, reviewed, and analyzed. Two hundred forty-two patients with COVID-19 underwent CT or MRI of the brain within 2 weeks after the positive result of viral testing (mean age, 68.7 ± 16.5 years; 150 men/92 women...
Thu May 28, 2020 17:19
SUMMARY:Miller Fisher syndrome, also known as Miller Fisher variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome, is an acute peripheral neuropathy that can develop after exposure to various viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens. It is characterized by a triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. Miller Fisher syndrome has recently been described in the clinical setting of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) without accompanying imaging. In this case, we report the first presumptive case of COVID-19–associated...
Thu May 28, 2020 17:14
SUMMARY:During the height of the recent outbreak of coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) in New York City, almost all the hospital emergency departments were inundated with patients with COVID-19, who presented with typical fever, cough, and dyspnea. A small number of patients also presented with either unrelated conditions (such as trauma) or other emergencies, and some of which are now known to be associated with COVID-19 (such as stroke). We report such a scenario in 17 patients who were admitted and investigated...
Thu May 28, 2020 17:13
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System is a standardized reporting system intended to risk stratify patients treated for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to investigate the positive predictive value of the Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System categories 3 and 4 on posttreatment PET/CT in patients treated definitively for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively identified patients treated definitively...
Thu May 28, 2020 17:01
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Neonates with vein of Galen malformations are split into 2 cohorts: one needing urgent neonatal embolization, with relatively high mortality and morbidity even with expert care, and a cohort in which embolization can be deferred until infancy, with far better prognosis. We aimed to identify brain MR imaging characteristics obtained from fetal and early neonatal scans that can predict the clinical presentation.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients with vein of Galen malformations were...
Thu May 28, 2020 16:58
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Cavernous malformations occur most often in the brain but can occur in the spinal cord. Small studies of patients with familial cerebral cavernous malformations suggested a prevalence of spinal cord cavernous malformations of 20%–42%. We aimed to review our familial cohort and prospectively estimate the prevalence of spinal cord cavernous malformations.MATERIALS AND METHODS:We initially reviewed our familial cerebral cavernous malformations cohort for spinal cord cavernous...
Thu May 28, 2020 16:54
SUMMARY:Sinonasal inverted papillomas occasionally undergo malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma, which can be associated with EGFR mutations. Since biopsy can potentially under-sample the tumor, CT and MRI can provide clues as to the presence of malignant transformation. In particular, this entity tends to appear different from benign inverted papilloma on imaging, including prominent bone erosions, necrosis, low diffusivity in the solid tumor components, and absence of the cerebriform...
Thu May 28, 2020 16:53
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The Neuroform Atlas is a new microstent to assist coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms that recently gained FDA approval. We present a postmarket multicenter analysis of the Neuroform Atlas stent.MATERIALS AND METHODS:On the basis of retrospective chart review from 11 academic centers, we analyzed patients treated with the Neuroform Atlas after FDA exemption from January 2018 to June 2019. Clinical and radiologic parameters included patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics,...
Thu May 28, 2020 16:52
SUMMARY:Incomplete partition type III, also referred to as X-linked deafness, is a rare genetic inner ear malformation. Its characteristic CT findings, including bulbous dilation of the internal auditory canal and absence of the modiolus with the interscalar septa present, have been well-recognized. In this series of 19 cases, we report the abnormalities of the vestibule and semicircular canals and provide a comprehensive description of their CT and MR imaging findings. The inner ear malformations...
Thu May 28, 2020 16:50
BACKGROUND:Surveillance imaging of previously unruptured, coiled aneurysms remains routine even though reports of rupture of these aneurysms are extremely rare.PURPOSE:We performed meta-analysis to examine long-term rupture risk over ≥1-year follow-up duration in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm who underwent endovascular therapy.DATA SOURCES:Multiple databases were searched for relevant publications between 1995 and 2018.STUDY SELECTION:Studies reporting outcome of long-term rupture...
Thu May 28, 2020 16:48
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Treatment of wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms using endovascular therapy is still challenging even with the development of treatment devices. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the safety and efficacy of treatment with a Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device for wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms.MATERIALS AND METHODS:All patients treated with a WEB device at our institution between May 2009 and November 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical and imaging evaluation,...
Thu May 28, 2020 16:44
In eukaryotic cells, proteins that associate with RNA regulate its activity to control cellular function. To fully illuminate the basis of RNA function, it is essential to identify such RNA associated proteins, their mode of action on RNA, and their preferred RNA targets and binding sites. By analyzing catalogs of human RNA associated proteins defined by ultraviolet light (UV)-dependent and independent approaches, we classify these proteins into two major groups: (1) the widely-recognized RNA binding...
Thu May 28, 2020 23:25
During breast cancer metastasis, the developmental process epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is abnormally activated. Transcriptional regulatory networks controlling EMT are well-studied, however alternative RNA splicing also plays a critical regulatory role during this process. A comprehensive understanding of alternative splicing (AS) and the RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that regulate it during EMT and their impact on breast cancer remains largely unknown. In this study, we annotated AS in...
Thu May 28, 2020 18:27
PPR proteins are a diverse family of RNA binding factors found in all Eukaryotic lineages. They perform multiple functions in the expression of organellar genes, mostly on the post-transcriptional level. PPR proteins are also significant determinants of evolutionary nucleo-organellar compatibility. Plant PPR proteins recognize their RNA substrates using a simple modular code. No target sequences recognized by animal or yeast PPR proteins were identified prior to the present study, making it impossible...
Thu May 28, 2020 17:58
The expansive window of the ICU room looks out over a gorgeous Sunday sunset. The room is pristine and organized. Monitors beep reassuringly. An incentive spirometer and a paper menu rest — comically, given the situation — on the bedside table. Everything in the room is familiar to me; I’m a…
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
A 63-year-old woman was referred to the endocrinology department for consultation regarding multiple fractures. Her chief concerns were progressively worsening pain in both ankles and difficulty walking. She needed crutches or a cane for support. . . .
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
Timely administration of naloxone can save lives in the event of opioid overdose. Thus, emergency treatment provided by persons who may be at the scene of an overdose plays a crucial role in addressing the ongoing global opioid crisis. World Health Organization guidelines recommend that all persons…
Thu May 28, 2020 03:00
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 29 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0910-yThe association of diabetes with risk of prostate cancer defined by clinical and molecular features
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British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 29 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0914-7A pre-specified model based on four kallikrein markers in blood improves predictions of adverse pathology and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy
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