Cutaneous and Labyrinthine Tolerance of Bioactive Glass S53P4 in Mastoid and Epitympanic Obliteration Surgery: Prospective Clinical Study.

Cutaneous and Labyrinthine Tolerance of Bioactive Glass S53P4 in Mastoid and Epitympanic Obliteration Surgery: Prospective Clinical Study.

Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:242319

Authors: Bernardeschi D, Nguyen Y, Russo FY, Mosnier I, Ferrary E, Sterkers O

Abstract
Objective. To evaluate the cutaneous and the inner ear tolerance of bioactive glass S53P4 when used in the mastoid and epitympanic obliteration for chronic otitis surgery. Material and Methods. Forty-one cases have been included in this prospective study. Cutaneous tolerance was clinically evaluated 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery with a physical examination of the retroauricular and external auditory canal (EAC) skin and the presence of otalgia; the inner ear tolerance was assessed by bone-conduction hearing threshold 1 day after surgery and by the presence of vertigo or imbalance. Results. All surgeries but 1 were uneventful: all patients maintained the preoperative bone-conduction hearing threshold except for one case in which the round window membrane was opened during the dissection of the cholesteatoma in the hypotympanum and this led to a dead ear. No dizziness or vertigo was reported. Three months after surgery, healing was achieved in all cases with a healthy painless skin. No cases of revision surgery for removal of the granules occurred in this study. Conclusion. The bioactive glass S53P4 is a well-tolerated biomaterial for primary or revision chronic otitis surgery, as shown by the local skin reaction which lasted less than 3 months and by the absence of labyrinthine complications.

PMID: 26504792 [PubMed - in process]

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SoxC transcription factors are essential for the development of the inner ear.

SoxC transcription factors are essential for the development of the inner ear.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Oct 26;

Authors: Gnedeva K, Hudspeth AJ

Abstract
Hair cells, the mechanosensory receptors of the inner ear, underlie the senses of hearing and balance. Adult mammals cannot adequately replenish lost hair cells, whose loss often results in deafness or balance disorders. To determine the molecular basis of this deficiency, we investigated the development of a murine vestibular organ, the utricle. Here we show that two members of the SoxC family of transcription factors, Sox4 and Sox11, are down-regulated after the epoch of hair cell development. Conditional ablation of SoxC genes in vivo results in stunted sensory organs of the inner ear and loss of hair cells. Enhanced expression of SoxC genes in vitro conversely restores supporting cell proliferation and the production of new hair cells in adult sensory epithelia. These results imply that SoxC genes govern hair cell production and thus advance these genes as targets for the restoration of hearing and balance.

PMID: 26504244 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Prevalence of vestibular dysfunction and associated factors in South Korea.

Prevalence of vestibular dysfunction and associated factors in South Korea.

BMJ Open. 2015;5(10):e008224

Authors: Koo JW, Chang MY, Woo SY, Kim S, Cho YS

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To report the nationwide prevalence of dizziness and vestibular dysfunction in the Korean population and determine the associated factors.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide health survey.
METHODS: We obtained data from the 2009 to 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, which were cross-sectional surveys of the South Korean civilian, non-institutionalised population aged 40 years and older (N=3267). A field survey team performed interviews and physical examinations. Structured questionnaires were handed out and balance function tests using the modified Romberg test of standing balance on firm and compliant support surfaces were performed on participants. Failure on the modified Romberg test was regarded to indicate vestibular dysfunction.
RESULTS: The prevalence of dizziness during the past year was 16.70% (95% CI 14.65% to 18.76%). The presence of vestibular dysfunction was noted in 1.84% (95% CI 1.18% to 2.51%). In addition, the prevalence of experiencing falls and positional dizziness were 1.46% (95% CI 0.87% to 2.06%) and 1.73% (95% CI 1.17% to 2.29%), respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that dizziness was associated with increased age, female gender, hearing loss and stress. Vestibular dysfunction was associated with increased age, history of dizziness and hearing loss.
CONCLUSIONS: Vertigo and dizziness are the greatest contributors to the burden of disability in the aged population. Screening for dizziness and vestibular dysfunction, and management of associated factors might be important for improving compromised quality of life due to postural imbalance caused by vestibular problems.

PMID: 26503384 [PubMed - in process]

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Findings of Abnormal Videoflouroscopic Swallowing Study Identified by High-resolution Mamometry Parameters.

Findings of Abnormal Videoflouroscopic Swallowing Study Identified by High-resolution Mamometry Parameters.

Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Oct 23;

Authors: Park D, Oh Y, Ryu JS

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To identify the parameters of high-resolution manometry (HRM) with a significant correlation to abnormal findings of videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) PARTICIPANTS: 40 patients with dysphagia symptoms DESIGN: Prospective study SETTING: Hospital rehabilitation department INTERVENTION: Participants were evaluated once using VFSS in neutral head position, and evaluated twice using HRM with 5cc of thin fluid.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: HRM parameters included maximal pressure, area integral, rise time, duration of the velopharynx and tongue base, maximal pressure of pre-upper esophageal sphincter (UES), low pharynx, cricopharyngeus, minimal UES pressure, UES activity time, and nadir UES duration. HRM parameters were compared with the findings of VFSS. ROC analysis was performed to obtain the cutoff value, sensitivity, and specificity of HRM parameters for the prediction of findings of VFSS.
RESULTS: The maximum pressure of velopharynx showed a significantly positive prediction for most abnormal parameters of VFSS in the pharyngeal phase. Nadir UES pressure duration was significant for impaired laryngeal elevation, residue at pyriformis sinus, and combination of penetration and aspiration. The maximum pressure of velopharynx below 180.0 showed 100% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity for the presence of penetration and aspiration, and the cutoff point of 178.8 showed 86.7% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity for the presence of subglottic aspiration.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified significant HRM parameters that are highly specific for individual abnormalities of VFSS , suggesting the cutoff value, sensitivity, and specificity. Since HRM could inform the quantitative measurement of pharyngeal weakness, the cutoff value for HRM parameters could be used to predict aspiration in patients with pharyngeal weakness.

PMID: 26505655 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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A Novel Risk Score to Predict Dysphagia After Cardiac Surgery Procedures.

Related Articles

A Novel Risk Score to Predict Dysphagia After Cardiac Surgery Procedures.

Ann Thorac Surg. 2015 Aug;100(2):568-74

Authors: Grimm JC, Magruder JT, Ohkuma R, Dungan SP, Hayes A, Vose AK, Orlando M, Sussman MS, Cameron DE, Whitman GJ

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although the exact cause of dysphagia after cardiac operations is unknown, timely diagnosis is critical to avoid a devastating aspiration event. Accordingly, we sought to generate the risk of dysphagia in cardiac surgery (RODICS) score to identify patients at risk for its development after heart surgery.
METHODS: All adult heart surgery patients at our institution between January 2011 and March 2012 were analyzed. A videofluoroscopic swallow study stratified patients into two groups based on the presence or absence of dysphagia. Covariates (p < 0.20) were included in a multivariable model to determine the strongest independent predictors of postoperative dysphagia. Based on the relative odds ratios of significant variables, the RODICS score was generated. Risk cohorts were then created based on easily applicable, whole-integer score cutoffs.
RESULTS: During the study period, 115 of 1,314 patients (8.8%) undergoing heart surgery were diagnosed with clinically significant dysphagia. The 38-point RODICS score comprises seven patient-specific characteristics and perioperative factors. The low risk (less than 4), intermediate risk (5 to 9), and high risk (more than 9) cohorts had postoperative dysphagia rates of 3.0%, 6.8%, and 21.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). The intermediate-risk cohort (odds ratio 2.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.33 to 4.27, p = 0.01) and high-risk cohort (odds ratio 8.9, 95% confidence interval: 5.22 to 15.32, p < 0.001) were at significantly higher risk of dysphagia developing. The RODICS score demonstrated excellent discriminatory ability (area under the curve 0.75).
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence and impact of dysphagia after open cardiac operations is significant. This novel scoring system could lead to prompt identification of patients at high risk for postoperative dysphagia and potentially minimize the complications of aspiration.

PMID: 26122635 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Non-recurrent nerve from the vagus anterio-medially located in the carotid sheath.

Non-recurrent nerve from the vagus anterio-medially located in the carotid sheath.

Ulus Cerrahi Derg. 2015;31(3):182-4

Authors: Gürleyik E

Abstract
Non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN) arising from the vagus nerve is a rare anatomic variation. The vagus descends vertically in the cervical neurovascular bundle, between and posterior to common carotid artery (CCA) and internal jugular vein (IJV). The vagus has also some anatomic variations. We present a case of two coincident anatomic variations both ILN and the vagus nerve. A patient with multinodular goiter was surgically treated with total thyroidectomy. Both two ILNs were identified, fully exposed and preserved along their cervical courses. We found that the right non-recurrent ILN directly arises from cervical vagal trunk, and enters the larynx at usual point after a short transverse course parallel to the inferior thyroid artery. The vagus nerve, easily exposed after dissection of the right lobe of the thyroid gland, is located medially to the CCA. We discovered the association of non-recurrent ILN and medially located vagus nerve in the same patient. Non-recurrent nerve and medially located vagus nerve in the cervical neurovascular bundle are two different variations. The coincidence of right non-recurrent ILN arising from cervical part of the vagus medial to the CCA in the same patient is a very interesting feature. The safety of thyroid operations is dependent on proper identification, dissection and full exposition of ILN. The safe procedure requires complete knowledge on the anatomy of neural structures including all their anatomic variations.

PMID: 26504426 [PubMed]

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Real-life assessment of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) toxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment.

Real-life assessment of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) toxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2015 Oct 27;:1-8

Authors: Moncharmont C, Vallard A, Mengue Ndong S, Guy JB, Saget C, Méry B, Langrand-Escure J, de Laroche G, Goyet D, Prades JM, Fournel P, Magné N

Abstract
CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates the feasibility of VMAT in association with platin or cetuximab in HNSCC and reports VMAT-related acute and late toxicities for the first time.
OBJECTIVES: New radiotherapy techniques, such as Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) were developed to lower RT-related toxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate acute and late toxicities of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated using VMAT.
METHODS: This study investigated retrospectively all patients with HNSCC who received VMAT in curative intent.
RESULTS: From 2010-2013, 150 patients were treated. Seventy-five patients (50%) received concurrent chemotherapy with VMAT, 51 patients (34%) received VMAT alone and 24 patients (16%) received concurrent cetuximab with VMAT. Mean delivered dose to planning target volume tumor (PTV T), high risk nodes (PTV HNR), low risk nodes (PTV LNR) and prophylactic nodes (PTV PN) were: 65.2 Gy, 62.9 Gy, 55.4 Gy, and 51.5 Gy, respectively. PTV mean coverages were higher than 96.5%. Most common grade 3/4 acute infield toxicities were mucosis (n = 28, 19%), dysphagia (n = 24, 16%), and dermatitis (n = 24, 16%). With a median follow-up of 16.0 months, most common late toxicities were dysphagia (n = 30, 20%), xerostomia (n = 28, 19%), larynx stiff (n = 17, 11%), and skin fibrosis (n = 14, 9%).

PMID: 26503806 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Differently Modulate Colonic Goblet Cells In Vitro and in Rat Pups.

Related Articles

Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Differently Modulate Colonic Goblet Cells In Vitro and in Rat Pups.

J Nutr. 2015 Aug;145(8):1754-62

Authors: Benoit B, Bruno J, Kayal F, Estienne M, Debard C, Ducroc R, Plaisancié P

Abstract
BACKGROUND: High-fat diets induce intestinal barrier alterations and promote intestinal diseases. Little is known about the effects of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) on mucin 2 (MUC2) production by goblet cells, which are crucial for intestinal protection.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of LCFAs on the differentiation of colonic goblet cells, MUC2 expression, and colonic barrier function.
METHODS: Upon reaching confluence, human colonic mucus-secreting HT29-MTX cells were stimulated (21 d) with a saturated LCFA (palmitic or stearic acid), a monounsaturated LCFA (oleic acid), or a polyunsaturated LCFA (linoleic, γ-linolenic, α-linolenic, or eicosapentaenoic acid). In addition, rat pups underwent oral administration of oil (palm, rapeseed, or sunflower oil) or water (10 μL/g body weight, postnatal days 10-15). Subsequently, colon goblet cells were studied by Western blotting, reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry and colonic transmucosal electrical resistance was measured by using Ussing chambers.
RESULTS: In vitro, palmitic acid enhanced MUC2 production (140% of control) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α expression, whereas oleic, linoleic, γ-linolenic, α-linolenic, and eicosapentaenoic acids reduced MUC2 expression (at least -50% of control). All unsaturated LCFAs decreased the expression of human atonal homolog 1, a transcription factor controlling goblet cell differentiation (at least -31% vs. control). In vivo, rats fed palm oil had higher palmitic acid concentrations (3-fold) in their colonic contents and increased mucus granule surfaces in their goblet cells (>2-fold) than did all other groups. Palm oil also increased colonic transmucosal electrical resistance (245% of control), yet had no effect on occludin and zonula occludens-1 expression. In contrast, sunflower and rapeseed oils decreased goblet cell number when compared with control (at least -10%) and palm oil (at least -14%) groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Palm oil in rat pups and palmitic acid in HT29-MTX cells increase the production of MUC2 and strengthen the intestinal barrier. In contrast, unsaturated LCFAs decrease MUC2 expression. These data should be taken into account in the context of preventive or therapeutic nutritional programs.

PMID: 26108543 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Rapid growth of a laryngeal oncocytic cyst after surgical irritation.

Related Articles

Rapid growth of a laryngeal oncocytic cyst after surgical irritation.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2014 Oct-Nov;93(10-11):E44-5

Authors: Sinacori JT, Jack RA, Workman JR

PMID: 25397391 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Fish bone impaction in the supraglottis.

Related Articles

Fish bone impaction in the supraglottis.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2014 Oct-Nov;93(10-11):452

Authors: Tsang WS, Woo JK, van Hasselt CA

Abstract
The most common sites of fish bone impaction are the tonsils, tonsillar pillars, tongue base, valleculae, and piriform fossa. Impaction in the supraglottic area is extremely uncommon.

PMID: 25397374 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Propiverine increases urethral wall catecholamine levels and bladder leak point pressure in rats.

Propiverine increases urethral wall catecholamine levels and bladder leak point pressure in rats.

Int J Urol. 2015 Oct 27;

Authors: Nishijima S, Sugaya K, Kadekawa K, Ashitomi K, Ueda T, Yamamoto H

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether propiverine has a noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor and whether it acts on the lumbosacral cord or the urethral wall. In addition, we aimed to examine the effect of propiverine on leak point pressure in rats.
METHODS: A total of 72 female and 30 male rats were used to examine the following: (i) the change of leak point pressure caused by intravenous agents in rats with vaginal distention; (ii) the change of leak point pressure caused by intrathecal agents in rats with vaginal distention; (iii) the noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor action of propiverine; and (iv) catecholamine levels in the bladder wall, urethral wall, cerebrospinal fluid and plasma after oral administration of propiverine.
RESULTS: Intravenous injection of propiverine, imipramine and duloxetine increased the leak point pressure in rats with vaginal distention. Intrathecal naftopidil decreased the leak point pressure, whereas subsequent intravenous propiverine restored the leak point pressure to the level before intrathecal naftopidil in rats with vaginal distention. Propiverine acted like a noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitor, increasing noradrenaline and/or dopamine levels in the plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and urethral wall perfusion fluid.
CONCLUSION: Propiverine inhibits noradrenaline re-uptake, as well as having antimuscarinic and Ca-antagonist actions. The inhibition of noradrenaline re-uptake by propiverine mainly occurs at the urethral level and partially in the central nervous system, and might stimulate the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and proximal urethra through α1-adrenergic receptors, as well as stimulating the striated muscle of the urethra and pelvic floor by activation of spinal motoneurons. Therefore, propiverine might be effective for both stress and urge incontinence.

PMID: 26502799 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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[Achalasia: which treatment to choose In 2015?].

[Achalasia: which treatment to choose In 2015?].

Rev Med Suisse. 2015 Sep 2;11(484):1587-91

Authors: Castro Soares P, Drepper M, Grignoli R, Bichard P, Frossard JL

Abstract
Achalasia is a rare disorder, whose diagnostic Gold standard is high-resolution cesophageal manometry. The proposed treatment must take into account the patient's health condition and the type of achalasia determined by HRM. Heller's laparoscopic myotomy and pneumatic dilation are the first line treatments for most of the patients, whereas Botulinum toxin injections and pharmacologic therapy are only indicated for patients with a high surgical risk who cannot undergo first line treatments. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a recent and promising endoscopic technique reserved for expert endoscopy centers, whose exact role is still to be determined by randomized prospective studies. Oesophagectomy has only a marginal role in rare patients with extremely advanced achalasia or at risk of neoplastic degeneration.

PMID: 26502618 [PubMed - in process]

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Diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional CT reconstruction and cephalometry for lateral skull base tumors.

Diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional CT reconstruction and cephalometry for lateral skull base tumors.

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Oct;19(19):3574-8

Authors: Xie XZ, Huo XK

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional CT reconstruction and cephalometry in lateral skull base tumors.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight patients with lateral skull base tumors were randomly divided into control group (n = 29, examined with conventional diagnostic technique) or study group (n = 29, examined with three-dimensional CT reconstruction and cephalometry). The diagnostic accuracy, tumor distribution and image characteristics were compared between both patient groups.
RESULTS: In control group, preoperative tumor diagnosis was consistent with intraoperative diagnosis in 20 patients, similar in 7 patients and discrepant in 2 patients. In study group, there were 24 consistent, 4 similar, and 1 discrepant diagnoses (p < 0.05 vs. control group). Frequency of individual tumor types, as revealed by either diagnostic method, was comparable. The images obtained with three-dimensional CT reconstruction were clearer, facilitating an accurate demonstration of the tumor, including tumor size and location.
CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional CT reconstruction and cephalometry provides accurate diagnosis of lateral skull base tumors, which is helpful for subsequent surgical treatment.

PMID: 26502846 [PubMed - in process]

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Rapid growth of a laryngeal oncocytic cyst after surgical irritation.

Related Articles

Rapid growth of a laryngeal oncocytic cyst after surgical irritation.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2014 Oct-Nov;93(10-11):E44-5

Authors: Sinacori JT, Jack RA, Workman JR

PMID: 25397391 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Real-life assessment of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) toxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment.

Real-life assessment of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) toxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2015 Oct 27;:1-8

Authors: Moncharmont C, Vallard A, Mengue Ndong S, Guy JB, Saget C, Méry B, Langrand-Escure J, de Laroche G, Goyet D, Prades JM, Fournel P, Magné N

Abstract
CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates the feasibility of VMAT in association with platin or cetuximab in HNSCC and reports VMAT-related acute and late toxicities for the first time.
OBJECTIVES: New radiotherapy techniques, such as Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) were developed to lower RT-related toxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate acute and late toxicities of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated using VMAT.
METHODS: This study investigated retrospectively all patients with HNSCC who received VMAT in curative intent.
RESULTS: From 2010-2013, 150 patients were treated. Seventy-five patients (50%) received concurrent chemotherapy with VMAT, 51 patients (34%) received VMAT alone and 24 patients (16%) received concurrent cetuximab with VMAT. Mean delivered dose to planning target volume tumor (PTV T), high risk nodes (PTV HNR), low risk nodes (PTV LNR) and prophylactic nodes (PTV PN) were: 65.2 Gy, 62.9 Gy, 55.4 Gy, and 51.5 Gy, respectively. PTV mean coverages were higher than 96.5%. Most common grade 3/4 acute infield toxicities were mucosis (n = 28, 19%), dysphagia (n = 24, 16%), and dermatitis (n = 24, 16%). With a median follow-up of 16.0 months, most common late toxicities were dysphagia (n = 30, 20%), xerostomia (n = 28, 19%), larynx stiff (n = 17, 11%), and skin fibrosis (n = 14, 9%).

PMID: 26503806 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Language processing of auditory cortex revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging in presbycusis patients.

Language processing of auditory cortex revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging in presbycusis patients.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2015 Oct 27;:1-7

Authors: Chen X, Wang M, Deng Y, Liang Y, Li J, Chen S

Abstract
CONCLUSION: Contralateral temporal lobe activation decreases with aging, regardless of hearing status, with elderly individuals showing reduced right ear advantage.
BACKGROUND: Aging and hearing loss possibly lead to presbycusis speech discrimination decline.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate presbycusis patients' auditory cortex activation under verbal stimulation.
METHOD: Thirty-six patients were enrolled: 10 presbycusis patients (mean age = 64 years, range = 60-70), 10 in the healthy aged group (mean age = 66 years, range = 60-70), and 16 young healthy volunteers (mean age = 25 years, range = 23-28). These three groups underwent simultaneous 1 kHz and 90 dB single-syllable word stimuli and (blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging) BOLD fMRI examinations.
RESULTS: The main activation regions were superior temporal and middle temporal gyrus. For all aged subjects, the right region of interest (ROI) activation volume was decreased compared with the young group. With left ear stimulation, bilateral ROI activation intensity held. With right ear stimulation, the aged group's activation intensity was higher. Using monaural stimulation in the young group, contralateral temporal lobe activation volume and intensity were higher vs ipsilateral, while they were lower in the aged and presbycusis groups. On left and right ear auditory tasks, the young group showed right ear advantage, while the aged and presbycusis groups showed reduced right ear advantage.

PMID: 26503708 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Real-life assessment of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) toxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment.

Real-life assessment of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) toxicity in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2015 Oct 27;:1-8

Authors: Moncharmont C, Vallard A, Mengue Ndong S, Guy JB, Saget C, Méry B, Langrand-Escure J, de Laroche G, Goyet D, Prades JM, Fournel P, Magné N

Abstract
CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates the feasibility of VMAT in association with platin or cetuximab in HNSCC and reports VMAT-related acute and late toxicities for the first time.
OBJECTIVES: New radiotherapy techniques, such as Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) were developed to lower RT-related toxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate acute and late toxicities of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated using VMAT.
METHODS: This study investigated retrospectively all patients with HNSCC who received VMAT in curative intent.
RESULTS: From 2010-2013, 150 patients were treated. Seventy-five patients (50%) received concurrent chemotherapy with VMAT, 51 patients (34%) received VMAT alone and 24 patients (16%) received concurrent cetuximab with VMAT. Mean delivered dose to planning target volume tumor (PTV T), high risk nodes (PTV HNR), low risk nodes (PTV LNR) and prophylactic nodes (PTV PN) were: 65.2 Gy, 62.9 Gy, 55.4 Gy, and 51.5 Gy, respectively. PTV mean coverages were higher than 96.5%. Most common grade 3/4 acute infield toxicities were mucosis (n = 28, 19%), dysphagia (n = 24, 16%), and dermatitis (n = 24, 16%). With a median follow-up of 16.0 months, most common late toxicities were dysphagia (n = 30, 20%), xerostomia (n = 28, 19%), larynx stiff (n = 17, 11%), and skin fibrosis (n = 14, 9%).

PMID: 26503806 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Language processing of auditory cortex revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging in presbycusis patients.

Language processing of auditory cortex revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging in presbycusis patients.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2015 Oct 27;:1-7

Authors: Chen X, Wang M, Deng Y, Liang Y, Li J, Chen S

Abstract
CONCLUSION: Contralateral temporal lobe activation decreases with aging, regardless of hearing status, with elderly individuals showing reduced right ear advantage.
BACKGROUND: Aging and hearing loss possibly lead to presbycusis speech discrimination decline.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate presbycusis patients' auditory cortex activation under verbal stimulation.
METHOD: Thirty-six patients were enrolled: 10 presbycusis patients (mean age = 64 years, range = 60-70), 10 in the healthy aged group (mean age = 66 years, range = 60-70), and 16 young healthy volunteers (mean age = 25 years, range = 23-28). These three groups underwent simultaneous 1 kHz and 90 dB single-syllable word stimuli and (blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging) BOLD fMRI examinations.
RESULTS: The main activation regions were superior temporal and middle temporal gyrus. For all aged subjects, the right region of interest (ROI) activation volume was decreased compared with the young group. With left ear stimulation, bilateral ROI activation intensity held. With right ear stimulation, the aged group's activation intensity was higher. Using monaural stimulation in the young group, contralateral temporal lobe activation volume and intensity were higher vs ipsilateral, while they were lower in the aged and presbycusis groups. On left and right ear auditory tasks, the young group showed right ear advantage, while the aged and presbycusis groups showed reduced right ear advantage.

PMID: 26503708 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Notched Environmental Sounds: A New Hearing Aid Supported Tinnitus Treatment Evaluated in 20 Patients.

Notched Environmental Sounds: A New Hearing Aid Supported Tinnitus Treatment Evaluated in 20 Patients.

Clin Otolaryngol. 2015 Oct 27;

Authors: Strauss DJ, Corona-Strauss FI, Seidler H, Haab L, Hannemann R

Abstract
There is converging evidence in that the suppression of neural hyperactivity by lateral inhibition using tailor-made notch filtering is a promising approach to support tinnitus treatments. We evaluated a new notched environmental sound technology for the first time as hearing aid supported tinnitus treatment in 20 tinnitus patients. This technology employs a notch filter which abruptly filters out environmental sounds in behind-the-ear hearing aids at the tinnitus frequency. We evaluated this new approach using a double-blind pre-/post therapy evaluation in 20 tinnitus patients (10 controls, 10 patients with notched environmental sound) using a widely accepted psychometric instrument and objective electroencephalographic means. The subjective and objective results show that tailor-made notch filtering in hearing aids might support tinnitus treatments. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 26505162 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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[The Impact of Electroacupuncture Intervention on Expression of 5-HTR 1 B/2 C Genes in Mice under Radiation Stimulation from Mobile Phone].

[The Impact of Electroacupuncture Intervention on Expression of 5-HTR 1 B/2 C Genes in Mice under Radiation Stimulation from Mobile Phone].

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2015 Aug;40(4):296-9

Authors: Dai JY, Chen YG, Zhang XQ

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of "Yifen" (TE 17), "Shenshu" (BL 23) on the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1 B (5-HTR 1 B) mRNA and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2 C (5-HTR 2 C) mRNA in the cochlear nucleus tissue in mice experiencing radiation from mobile phone, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of tinnitus.
METHODS: Thirty Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group (n = 6) and modeling group (n = 24). The tinnitus model was established by giving the mice with mobile phone-radiation for 1 h in the morning and 1 h in the afternoon, continuously for 40 days. EA stimulation was applied to "Yifeng" (TE 17) group (n = 6) and "Shenshu" (BL 23) group (n = 6) for 20 min, once a day for 7 days. The expression of 5-THR 1 B/2 C mRNA in the cochlear nucleus was assayed by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real time-PCR).
RESULTS: The expression level of 5-HTR 1 B was significantly lower in the model group than in the control group (P < 0.05), while that of 5-HTR 2 C mRNA significantly increased (P < 0.01). TE 17 group received a significant acupoint intervention effect (P < 0.01). Compared with TE 17 group, BL 23 group received a weaker effect (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: EA of TE 17 can up-regulate expression level of 5-HTR 1 B and down-regulate expression level of 5-HTR 2 C in the cochlear nucleus in mice experiencing mobile-phone radiation.

PMID: 26502543 [PubMed - in process]

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