Affordable headphones for accessible screening audiometry: An evaluation of the Sennheiser HD202 II supra-aural headphone.

Affordable headphones for accessible screening audiometry: An evaluation of the Sennheiser HD202 II supra-aural headphone.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov;55(11):616-622

Authors: Van der Aerschot M, Swanepoel W, Mahomed-Asmail F, Myburgh HC, Eikelboom RH

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the Sennheiser HD 202 II supra-aural headphones as an alternative headphone to enable more affordable hearing screening.
DESIGN: Study 1 measured the equivalent threshold sound pressure levels (ETSPL) of the Sennheiser HD 202 II. Study 2 evaluated the attenuation of the headphones. Study 3 determined headphone characteristics by analyzing the total harmonic distortion (THD), frequency response and force of the headband.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty-five participants were included in study 1 and 15 in study 2 with ages ranging between 18 and 25. No participants were involved in study 3.
RESULTS: The Sennheiser HD 202 II ETSPLs (250-16000 Hz) showed no significant effects on ETSPL for ear laterality, gender or age. Attenuation was not significantly different (p > 0.01) to TDH 39 except at 8000 Hz (p < 0.01). Maximum permissible ambient noise levels (MPANL) were specified accordingly. The force of the headband was 3.1N. THD measurements showed that between 500 and 8000 Hz intensities of 90 dB HL and higher can be reached without THD >3%.
CONCLUSION: Sennheiser HD 202 II supra-aural headphones can be used as an affordable headphone for screening audiometry provided reported MPANLs, maximum intensities and ETSPL values are employed.

PMID: 27610920 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Predictors of health-related quality of life in adult cochlear implant recipients in South Africa.

Predictors of health-related quality of life in adult cochlear implant recipients in South Africa.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: le Roux T, Vinck B, Butler I, Louw L, Nauta L, Schlesinger D, Swanepoel W

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes for adult cochlear implant (CI) recipients in South Africa.
DESIGN: A retrospective study of adult CI recipients was conducted and cross-sectional HRQoL outcome data were added at the time of data collection, using the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ). Twenty-two potential predictive factors were identified from the retrospective dataset, including demographic, hearing loss, CI and risk-related factors. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify predictor variables that influence HRQoL outcomes.
STUDY SAMPLE: The study sample included 100 adult CI recipients from four CI programs, implanted for at least 12 months.
RESULTS: History of no tinnitus prior to CI, bilateral implantation and mainstream schooling were strongly predictive of better overall HRQoL outcomes. Factors such as age, age at implant, gender, onset of hearing loss, duration of CI use and presence of risk factors did not predict HRQoL scores.
CONCLUSION: A range of significant prognostic indicators were identified for HRQoL outcomes in adult CI recipients. These predictors of HRQoL outcomes can guide intervention services' informational counselling.

PMID: 27609548 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Social representation of "music" in young adults: a cross-cultural study.

Social representation of "music" in young adults: a cross-cultural study.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-9

Authors: Manchaiah V, Zhao F, Widén S, Auzenne J, Beukes EW, Ahmadi T, Tomé D, Mahadeva D, Krishna R, Germundsson P

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to explore perceptions of and reactions to music in young adults (18-25 years) using the theory of social representations (TSR).
DESIGN: The study used a cross-sectional survey design and included participants from India, Iran, Portugal, USA and UK. Data were analysed using various qualitative and quantitative methods.
STUDY SAMPLE: The study sample included 534 young adults.
RESULTS: The Chi-square analysis showed significant differences between the countries regarding the informants' perception of music. The most positive connotations about music were found in the responses obtained from Iranian participants (82.2%), followed by Portuguese participants (80.6%), while the most negative connotations about music were found in the responses obtained from Indian participants (18.2%), followed by Iranian participants (7.3%). The participants' responses fell into 19 main categories based on their meaning; however, not all categories were found in all five countries. The co-occurrence analysis results generally indicate that the category "positive emotions or actions" was the most frequent category occurring in all five countries.
CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that music is generally considered to bring positive emotions for people within these societies, although a small percentage of responses indicate some negative consequences of music.

PMID: 27609441 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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via IFTTT

A comparison of an audiometric screening survey with an in-depth research questionnaire for hearing loss and hearing loss risk factors.

A comparison of an audiometric screening survey with an in-depth research questionnaire for hearing loss and hearing loss risk factors.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-5

Authors: Mosites E, Neitzel R, Galusha D, Trufan S, Dixon-Ernst C, Rabinowitz P

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We assessed the reliability of a hearing risk factor screening survey used by hearing conservation programmes for noise-exposed workers.
DESIGN: We compared workers' answers from the screening survey to their answers to a confidential research questionnaire regarding hearing loss risk factors. We calculated kappa statistics to test the correlation between yes/no questions in the research questionnaire compared to answers from 1 and 5 years of screening surveys.
STUDY SAMPLE: We compared the screening survey and research questionnaire answers of 274 aluminum plant workers.
RESULTS: Most of the questions in the in-company screening survey showed fair to moderate agreement with the research questionnaire (kappa range: -0.02, 0.57). Workers' answers to the screening survey had better correlation with the research questionnaire when we compared 5 years of screening answers. For nearly all questions, workers were more likely to respond affirmatively on the research questionnaire than the screening survey.
CONCLUSIONS: Hearing conservation programmes should be aware that workers may underreport hearing loss risk factors and functional hearing status on an audiometric screening survey. Validating company screening tools could help provide more accurate information on hearing loss and risk factors.

PMID: 27609310 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Functional hearing in the classroom: assistive listening devices for students with hearing impairment in a mainstream school setting.

Functional hearing in the classroom: assistive listening devices for students with hearing impairment in a mainstream school setting.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-7

Authors: Zanin J, Rance G

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the benefit of assistive listening devices (ALDs) for students with hearing impairment in mainstream schools.
DESIGN: Speech recognition (CNC words) in background noise was assessed in a typical classroom. Participants underwent testing using four device configurations: (1) HA(s)/CI(s) alone, (2) soundfield amplification, (3) remote microphone (Roger Pen) on desk and (4) remote microphone at the loudspeaker. A sub-group of students subsequently underwent a 2-week classroom trial of each ALD. Degree of improvement from baseline [HA(s)/CI(s)] alone was assessed using teacher and student Listening Inventory for Education-Revised (LIFE-R) questionnaires.
STUDY SAMPLE: In all, 20 students, aged 12.5-18.9 years, underwent speech recognition assessment. In total, 10 of these participated in the classroom trial. Hearing loss ranged from mild-to-profound levels.
RESULTS: Performance in each ALD configuration was higher than for HAs/CIs alone (p < 0.001). Teacher and student LIFE-R results indicated significant improvement in listening/communication when using the remote microphone in conjunction with HAs/CIs (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the soundfield system and the baseline measurement (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Speech recognition improvements were demonstrated with the implementation of both remote microphones and soundfield systems. Both students and teachers reported functional hearing advantages in the classroom when using the remote microphone in concert with their standard hearing devices.

PMID: 27609144 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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via IFTTT

Paediatric hearing aid management: a demonstration project for using virtual visits to enhance parent support.

Paediatric hearing aid management: a demonstration project for using virtual visits to enhance parent support.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: Muñoz K, Kibbe K, Preston E, Caballero A, Nelson L, White K, Twohig M

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the use of virtual visits to monitor hearing aid use with data logging measurements and provide parent support for hearing aid management.
DESIGN: A 6-month longitudinal case study design was used.
STUDY SAMPLE: Four families and two providers participated.
RESULTS: Average hours of daily hearing aid use increased 3.5 h from the beginning to the end of the study period. Prior to receiving virtual visits, the parents and the clinicians generally indicated they were hopeful about the benefits of virtual visits including the frequency and convenience of the appointments but had some concerns about technical difficulties. These concerns diminished at the conclusion of the study.
CONCLUSION: Virtual visits provided benefits to families including flexibility and timely access to support. The ability to collect data logging information more frequently was important for effective problem-solving to increase hearing aid use. Both parents and clinicians were accepting of tele-support. Parents and professionals would benefit from technology that allows them to access data logging information more easily and frequently.

PMID: 27608520 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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via IFTTT

Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing for the prognosis of Bell's palsy.

Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing for the prognosis of Bell's palsy.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-4

Authors: Yang CW, Kim SH, Yeo SG, Park MS, Byun JY

Abstract
CONCLUSION: oVEMP could be a useful tool for predicting the prognosis of Bell's palsy comparable to ENoG and H-B grade.
OBJECTIVES: Several previous studies have reported cases of Bell's palsy with vestibular function disorder. The basic hypothesis behind this effect lies in the close proximity of the vestibular and facial nerves in the internal auditory canal (IAC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between Bell's palsy prognosis and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs).
METHODS: Total 104 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with Bell?s palsy from January 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled. Patients were divided into complete recovery group and incomplete recovery group. All of patients underwent oVEMP recordings within 1 week after disease onset. For the evaluation of correlation between H-B grades, ENoG, oVEMP and Recovery of Bell?s palsy, logistic regression analysis was performed.
RESULTS: The mean value of ocular vemp asymmetry was significantly higher in the incomplete recovery group than the complete recovery group (p < 0.05). No association was found between the ipsilesional PTA threshold, caloric test, and rate of abnormal EMG and recovery state. However, the initial state of ENoG, initial H-B grade, and oVEMP abnormal findings (Latency & Amplitude symmetry ratio) were significantly correlated with the rate of recovery (p = 0.025, p = 0.013, and p < 0.005, respectively).

PMID: 27609665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: Liu H, Zhang T, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Dai C

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: One-shot, low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin (ITG) treatment was effective and safe for Ménière's disease (MD) patients. Head thrust test (HTT) and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) test could be used as endpoint indicators for vertigo control in MD patients.
OBJECTIVES: The present study is to explore end-point indicators of ITG injection in MD.
METHODS: Patients with MD were reviewed from June 2012 to March 2014. Single-shot ITG at a concentration of 30 mg/ml was administered to patients. The sensitivity and specificity of HTT and VEMPs for vertigo control were measured.
RESULTS: All 37 patients with a median follow-up of 26 months were included. Of those 37 patients, 24 patients (64.9%) obtained class A vertigo control and seven patients (18.9%) obtained class B vertigo control. Only six patients had class C control (16.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of HTT for vertigo control were 74.2% and 50.0%. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of VEMPs threshold were 83.9% and 33.3%. When combined HTT and VEMPs, sensitivity and specificity were 93.5% and 66.7%. Based on the four-tone average thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz, 78.4% patients had no significant change in PTA and 16.2% patients experienced significant improvement.

PMID: 27608722 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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A case report of a cochlear implant infection - A reason to explant the device?

A case report of a cochlear implant infection - A reason to explant the device?

Cochlear Implants Int. 2016 Sep 9;:1-4

Authors: Skrivan J, Drevinek P

Abstract
CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Case history of a paediatric patient with a cochlear implant and a surgical site infection that developed as a result of acute otitis media is presented.
INTERVENTION: After conservative management including wound debridement it was decided to explant a functioning device.
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: In a number of cases, it is necessary to remove the infected albeit functioning device, especially in the event of formation of the biofilm has occurred. It is necessary to review and evaluate the methods with which these major complications are routinely managed with the aim to increase the survival ratio for the implanted device.

PMID: 27609547 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Affordable headphones for accessible screening audiometry: An evaluation of the Sennheiser HD202 II supra-aural headphone.

Related Articles

Affordable headphones for accessible screening audiometry: An evaluation of the Sennheiser HD202 II supra-aural headphone.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Nov;55(11):616-622

Authors: Van der Aerschot M, Swanepoel W, Mahomed-Asmail F, Myburgh HC, Eikelboom RH

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the Sennheiser HD 202 II supra-aural headphones as an alternative headphone to enable more affordable hearing screening.
DESIGN: Study 1 measured the equivalent threshold sound pressure levels (ETSPL) of the Sennheiser HD 202 II. Study 2 evaluated the attenuation of the headphones. Study 3 determined headphone characteristics by analyzing the total harmonic distortion (THD), frequency response and force of the headband.
STUDY SAMPLE: Twenty-five participants were included in study 1 and 15 in study 2 with ages ranging between 18 and 25. No participants were involved in study 3.
RESULTS: The Sennheiser HD 202 II ETSPLs (250-16000 Hz) showed no significant effects on ETSPL for ear laterality, gender or age. Attenuation was not significantly different (p > 0.01) to TDH 39 except at 8000 Hz (p < 0.01). Maximum permissible ambient noise levels (MPANL) were specified accordingly. The force of the headband was 3.1N. THD measurements showed that between 500 and 8000 Hz intensities of 90 dB HL and higher can be reached without THD >3%.
CONCLUSION: Sennheiser HD 202 II supra-aural headphones can be used as an affordable headphone for screening audiometry provided reported MPANLs, maximum intensities and ETSPL values are employed.

PMID: 27610920 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ENT-PubMed via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cezs9g
via IFTTT

Predictors of health-related quality of life in adult cochlear implant recipients in South Africa.

Related Articles

Predictors of health-related quality of life in adult cochlear implant recipients in South Africa.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: le Roux T, Vinck B, Butler I, Louw L, Nauta L, Schlesinger D, Swanepoel W

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes for adult cochlear implant (CI) recipients in South Africa.
DESIGN: A retrospective study of adult CI recipients was conducted and cross-sectional HRQoL outcome data were added at the time of data collection, using the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ). Twenty-two potential predictive factors were identified from the retrospective dataset, including demographic, hearing loss, CI and risk-related factors. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify predictor variables that influence HRQoL outcomes.
STUDY SAMPLE: The study sample included 100 adult CI recipients from four CI programs, implanted for at least 12 months.
RESULTS: History of no tinnitus prior to CI, bilateral implantation and mainstream schooling were strongly predictive of better overall HRQoL outcomes. Factors such as age, age at implant, gender, onset of hearing loss, duration of CI use and presence of risk factors did not predict HRQoL scores.
CONCLUSION: A range of significant prognostic indicators were identified for HRQoL outcomes in adult CI recipients. These predictors of HRQoL outcomes can guide intervention services' informational counselling.

PMID: 27609548 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ENT-PubMed via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cN1AWg
via IFTTT

Social representation of "music" in young adults: a cross-cultural study.

Related Articles

Social representation of "music" in young adults: a cross-cultural study.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-9

Authors: Manchaiah V, Zhao F, Widén S, Auzenne J, Beukes EW, Ahmadi T, Tomé D, Mahadeva D, Krishna R, Germundsson P

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to explore perceptions of and reactions to music in young adults (18-25 years) using the theory of social representations (TSR).
DESIGN: The study used a cross-sectional survey design and included participants from India, Iran, Portugal, USA and UK. Data were analysed using various qualitative and quantitative methods.
STUDY SAMPLE: The study sample included 534 young adults.
RESULTS: The Chi-square analysis showed significant differences between the countries regarding the informants' perception of music. The most positive connotations about music were found in the responses obtained from Iranian participants (82.2%), followed by Portuguese participants (80.6%), while the most negative connotations about music were found in the responses obtained from Indian participants (18.2%), followed by Iranian participants (7.3%). The participants' responses fell into 19 main categories based on their meaning; however, not all categories were found in all five countries. The co-occurrence analysis results generally indicate that the category "positive emotions or actions" was the most frequent category occurring in all five countries.
CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that music is generally considered to bring positive emotions for people within these societies, although a small percentage of responses indicate some negative consequences of music.

PMID: 27609441 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ENT-PubMed via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cMXQE7
via IFTTT

A comparison of an audiometric screening survey with an in-depth research questionnaire for hearing loss and hearing loss risk factors.

Related Articles

A comparison of an audiometric screening survey with an in-depth research questionnaire for hearing loss and hearing loss risk factors.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-5

Authors: Mosites E, Neitzel R, Galusha D, Trufan S, Dixon-Ernst C, Rabinowitz P

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We assessed the reliability of a hearing risk factor screening survey used by hearing conservation programmes for noise-exposed workers.
DESIGN: We compared workers' answers from the screening survey to their answers to a confidential research questionnaire regarding hearing loss risk factors. We calculated kappa statistics to test the correlation between yes/no questions in the research questionnaire compared to answers from 1 and 5 years of screening surveys.
STUDY SAMPLE: We compared the screening survey and research questionnaire answers of 274 aluminum plant workers.
RESULTS: Most of the questions in the in-company screening survey showed fair to moderate agreement with the research questionnaire (kappa range: -0.02, 0.57). Workers' answers to the screening survey had better correlation with the research questionnaire when we compared 5 years of screening answers. For nearly all questions, workers were more likely to respond affirmatively on the research questionnaire than the screening survey.
CONCLUSIONS: Hearing conservation programmes should be aware that workers may underreport hearing loss risk factors and functional hearing status on an audiometric screening survey. Validating company screening tools could help provide more accurate information on hearing loss and risk factors.

PMID: 27609310 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ENT-PubMed via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cNKExm
via IFTTT

Functional hearing in the classroom: assistive listening devices for students with hearing impairment in a mainstream school setting.

Related Articles

Functional hearing in the classroom: assistive listening devices for students with hearing impairment in a mainstream school setting.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-7

Authors: Zanin J, Rance G

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the benefit of assistive listening devices (ALDs) for students with hearing impairment in mainstream schools.
DESIGN: Speech recognition (CNC words) in background noise was assessed in a typical classroom. Participants underwent testing using four device configurations: (1) HA(s)/CI(s) alone, (2) soundfield amplification, (3) remote microphone (Roger Pen) on desk and (4) remote microphone at the loudspeaker. A sub-group of students subsequently underwent a 2-week classroom trial of each ALD. Degree of improvement from baseline [HA(s)/CI(s)] alone was assessed using teacher and student Listening Inventory for Education-Revised (LIFE-R) questionnaires.
STUDY SAMPLE: In all, 20 students, aged 12.5-18.9 years, underwent speech recognition assessment. In total, 10 of these participated in the classroom trial. Hearing loss ranged from mild-to-profound levels.
RESULTS: Performance in each ALD configuration was higher than for HAs/CIs alone (p < 0.001). Teacher and student LIFE-R results indicated significant improvement in listening/communication when using the remote microphone in conjunction with HAs/CIs (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the soundfield system and the baseline measurement (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Speech recognition improvements were demonstrated with the implementation of both remote microphones and soundfield systems. Both students and teachers reported functional hearing advantages in the classroom when using the remote microphone in concert with their standard hearing devices.

PMID: 27609144 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ENT-PubMed via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cyP2yf
via IFTTT

Paediatric hearing aid management: a demonstration project for using virtual visits to enhance parent support.

Related Articles

Paediatric hearing aid management: a demonstration project for using virtual visits to enhance parent support.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: Muñoz K, Kibbe K, Preston E, Caballero A, Nelson L, White K, Twohig M

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore the use of virtual visits to monitor hearing aid use with data logging measurements and provide parent support for hearing aid management.
DESIGN: A 6-month longitudinal case study design was used.
STUDY SAMPLE: Four families and two providers participated.
RESULTS: Average hours of daily hearing aid use increased 3.5 h from the beginning to the end of the study period. Prior to receiving virtual visits, the parents and the clinicians generally indicated they were hopeful about the benefits of virtual visits including the frequency and convenience of the appointments but had some concerns about technical difficulties. These concerns diminished at the conclusion of the study.
CONCLUSION: Virtual visits provided benefits to families including flexibility and timely access to support. The ability to collect data logging information more frequently was important for effective problem-solving to increase hearing aid use. Both parents and clinicians were accepting of tele-support. Parents and professionals would benefit from technology that allows them to access data logging information more easily and frequently.

PMID: 27608520 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

from #ENT-PubMed via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2cNLjPq
via IFTTT

Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing for the prognosis of Bell's palsy.

Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing for the prognosis of Bell's palsy.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-4

Authors: Yang CW, Kim SH, Yeo SG, Park MS, Byun JY

Abstract
CONCLUSION: oVEMP could be a useful tool for predicting the prognosis of Bell's palsy comparable to ENoG and H-B grade.
OBJECTIVES: Several previous studies have reported cases of Bell's palsy with vestibular function disorder. The basic hypothesis behind this effect lies in the close proximity of the vestibular and facial nerves in the internal auditory canal (IAC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between Bell's palsy prognosis and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs).
METHODS: Total 104 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with Bell?s palsy from January 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled. Patients were divided into complete recovery group and incomplete recovery group. All of patients underwent oVEMP recordings within 1 week after disease onset. For the evaluation of correlation between H-B grades, ENoG, oVEMP and Recovery of Bell?s palsy, logistic regression analysis was performed.
RESULTS: The mean value of ocular vemp asymmetry was significantly higher in the incomplete recovery group than the complete recovery group (p < 0.05). No association was found between the ipsilesional PTA threshold, caloric test, and rate of abnormal EMG and recovery state. However, the initial state of ENoG, initial H-B grade, and oVEMP abnormal findings (Latency & Amplitude symmetry ratio) were significantly correlated with the rate of recovery (p = 0.025, p = 0.013, and p < 0.005, respectively).

PMID: 27609665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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via IFTTT

Adverse skin reactions following percutaneous bone conduction implant surgery using the linear incision technique with and without subcutaneous tissue reduction.

Adverse skin reactions following percutaneous bone conduction implant surgery using the linear incision technique with and without subcutaneous tissue reduction.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-5

Authors: Van der Gucht K, Vanderveken O, Hamans E, Claes J, Van Rompaey V, Van de Heyning P

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: Adverse skin reactions were equally distributed among age groups, surgical technique, or presence of a retroauricular incision. Implant loss was observed more frequently in children when compared to adults and elderly.
OBJECTIVE: A bone conduction (osseointegrated) implant can be used for rehabilitation of patients with conductive hearing loss or single-sided deafness. The surgical technique has been modified to minimize adverse skin reactions and other complications. Two commonly used techniques are the linear incision technique with subcutaneous tissue reduction and the technique without tissue reduction. The primary aim is to compare the complication rate between the two surgical techniques.
METHODS: Retrospective study on all bone conduction implant cases implanted between April 1990 and July 2014 at a tertiary referral center. Skin reactions were graded by Holgers' scale (grade 0-1: 'normal', grade 2-3: 'adverse'). The worst follow-up available was reported.
RESULTS: Of the 289 bone conduction implants, 25 were implanted in children, 220 in adults, and 44 in elderly. Implant loss occurred in 2.8% of all cases: 8.0% in children, 2.3% in adults, and 2.3% in the elderly. Skin overgrowth was seen in 4.2%: 4% in children, 4.8% in adults, and 3.5% in the elderly. No differences were observed in the amount of adverse skin reactions (16.8% vs 14.7%) or skin overgrowth (4.6% vs 2.9%) between the surgical techniques. There was no difference in adverse skin reactions if the patient had a retroauricular incision (14.4% with vs 17.8% without prior incision).

PMID: 27609549 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Is the Keros classification alone enough to identify patients with the 'dangerous ethmoid'? An anatomical study.

Is the Keros classification alone enough to identify patients with the 'dangerous ethmoid'? An anatomical study.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-6

Authors: Skorek A, Tretiakow D, Szmuda T, Przewozny T

Abstract
CONCLUSION: By means of three-dimensional display of the critical measurements, the authors suggest a novel definition of 'dangerous ethmoid'. Parallel to Keros type III, the proposed determining factors include: olfactory fossa width >6 mm, its distance to the medial nasal concha (turbinate) <20 mm and to the orbit interval of <10 mm. Clinical evaluation of these preliminary criteria based only on radiological data is required and underway.
OBJECTIVES: Detailed pre-operative assessment of sinus computer tomography (CT) scans reduces the frequency of severe complications in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The authors aimed to identify a sub-set of anatomical features pre-disposing to major post-operative complications.
METHOD: Sinus computer tomography (CT) scans of patients of a single institution qualified for ESS were examined. Besides the Keros classification, authors focused on the anatomic measurements as follows: the olfactory fossa depth, width, and its distance from the medial nasal concha and the medial wall of the orbit (referred to as 'critical measurements'). The sample comprised 120 consecutive CT exams, without clinical validation.
RESULTS: Keros type I, II, and III was noted in 9.2%, 75.8%, and 15.0% of cases, respectively. Despite some statistically significant correlations, it was not possible to identify the patient age, sex, and side of body clearly correlating with the critical measurements.

PMID: 27608833 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: Liu H, Zhang T, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Dai C

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: One-shot, low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin (ITG) treatment was effective and safe for Ménière's disease (MD) patients. Head thrust test (HTT) and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) test could be used as endpoint indicators for vertigo control in MD patients.
OBJECTIVES: The present study is to explore end-point indicators of ITG injection in MD.
METHODS: Patients with MD were reviewed from June 2012 to March 2014. Single-shot ITG at a concentration of 30 mg/ml was administered to patients. The sensitivity and specificity of HTT and VEMPs for vertigo control were measured.
RESULTS: All 37 patients with a median follow-up of 26 months were included. Of those 37 patients, 24 patients (64.9%) obtained class A vertigo control and seven patients (18.9%) obtained class B vertigo control. Only six patients had class C control (16.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of HTT for vertigo control were 74.2% and 50.0%. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of VEMPs threshold were 83.9% and 33.3%. When combined HTT and VEMPs, sensitivity and specificity were 93.5% and 66.7%. Based on the four-tone average thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz, 78.4% patients had no significant change in PTA and 16.2% patients experienced significant improvement.

PMID: 27608722 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Extended high frequency audiometry can diagnose sub-clinic involvement in a seemingly normal hearing systemic lupus erythematosus population.

Extended high frequency audiometry can diagnose sub-clinic involvement in a seemingly normal hearing systemic lupus erythematosus population.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-6

Authors: Lasso de la Vega M, Villarreal IM, López Moya J, García-Berrocal JR

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: Sensorineural hearing loss must be considered within the clinical picture of systemic lupus erythematosus. The results confirm the usefulness of extended high-frequency audiometry in the audiologic testing of these patients, enabling the possibility of modifying or applying a preventive treatment for a possible hearing loss.
OBJECTIVES: Hearing involvement is usually under-diagnosed with routine auditory examination. This study proposes the use of extended high-frequency audiometry to achieve a correct detection of a possible asymptomatic hypoacusis in early stages of the disease. The aim of this study is to analyze the hearing levels in extended high-frequencies in these patients and to correlate the hearing loss with the severity of the disease and the immunological parameters.
METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Fifty-five patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were included in the study. The control group consisted of 71 patients paired by age and sex with the study population. Both a pure tone audiometry and an extended high-frequency audiometry (8-18 KHz) were performed.
RESULTS: In total, 70% were diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss with extended high-frequency audiometry, overcoming the results obtained with pure tone audiometry (30.9%). Statistically significant correlations were found within the patients regarding sensorineural hearing loss related with age, disease activity and cryoglobulinemia.

PMID: 27608500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Endovascular Management of Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum.

Endovascular Management of Sigmoid Sinus Diverticulum.

Interv Neurol. 2016 Jun;5(1-2):76-80

Authors: Paramasivam S, Furtado S, Shigamatsu T, Smouha E

Abstract
Sigmoid sinus diverticulum (SSD) is a rare vascular disorder due to dehiscence of the sigmoid plate. It may be associated with prediverticular venous sinus stenosis (SS) and usually presents as pulsatile tinnitus. The mechanism of development of the SSD and tinnitus from a sinus diverticulum and associated SS is unclear. Previous case reports have suggested that remodeling of the venous system targeting the stenosis, elimination of the diverticulum, or both, have resulted in symptom relief. We present a case of SSD with SS, treated by stenting of the stenosis along with coil embolization of the diverticulum, resulting in complete relief of symptoms. We have also reviewed the literature and discussed the evolution of management from open surgical treatment to endovascular treatment.

PMID: 27610124 [PubMed]

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Predictors of health-related quality of life in adult cochlear implant recipients in South Africa.

Predictors of health-related quality of life in adult cochlear implant recipients in South Africa.

Int J Audiol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: le Roux T, Vinck B, Butler I, Louw L, Nauta L, Schlesinger D, Swanepoel W

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes for adult cochlear implant (CI) recipients in South Africa.
DESIGN: A retrospective study of adult CI recipients was conducted and cross-sectional HRQoL outcome data were added at the time of data collection, using the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ). Twenty-two potential predictive factors were identified from the retrospective dataset, including demographic, hearing loss, CI and risk-related factors. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify predictor variables that influence HRQoL outcomes.
STUDY SAMPLE: The study sample included 100 adult CI recipients from four CI programs, implanted for at least 12 months.
RESULTS: History of no tinnitus prior to CI, bilateral implantation and mainstream schooling were strongly predictive of better overall HRQoL outcomes. Factors such as age, age at implant, gender, onset of hearing loss, duration of CI use and presence of risk factors did not predict HRQoL scores.
CONCLUSION: A range of significant prognostic indicators were identified for HRQoL outcomes in adult CI recipients. These predictors of HRQoL outcomes can guide intervention services' informational counselling.

PMID: 27609548 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Survival Outcomes and Patterns of Recurrence in Patients with Stage III or IV Oropharyngeal Cancer Treated with Primary Surgery or Radiotherapy.

Survival Outcomes and Patterns of Recurrence in Patients with Stage III or IV Oropharyngeal Cancer Treated with Primary Surgery or Radiotherapy.

Cureus. 2016;8(7):e713

Authors: Debenham BJ, Banerjee R, Warkentin H, Ghosh S, Scrimger R, Jha N, Parliament M

Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare and contrast the patterns of failure in patients with locally advanced squamous cell oropharyngeal cancers undergoing curative-intent treatment with primary surgery or radiotherapy +/- chemotherapy.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Two hundred and thirty-three patients with stage III or IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent curative-intent treatment from 2006-2012, were reviewed. The median length of follow-up for patients still alive at the time of analysis was 4.4 years. Data was collected retrospectively from a chart review.
RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-nine patients underwent primary surgery +/- adjuvant therapy, and 94 patients underwent primary radiotherapy +/- chemotherapy (CRT). Demographics were similar between the two groups, except primary radiotherapy patients had a higher age-adjusted Charleston co-morbidity score (CCI). Twenty-nine patients from the surgery group recurred; 15 failed distantly only, seven failed locoregionally, and seven failed both distantly and locoregionally. Twelve patients recurred who underwent chemoradiotherapy; ten distantly alone, and two locoregionally. One patient who underwent radiotherapy (RT) alone failed distantly. Two and five-year recurrence-free survival rates for patients undergoing primary RT were 86.6% and 84.9% respectively. Two and five-year recurrence-free survival rates for primary surgery was 80.9% and 76.3% respectively (p=0.21). There was no significant difference in either treatment when they were stratified by p16 status or smoking status.
CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis does not show any difference in outcomes for patients treated with primary surgery or radiotherapy. Although the primary pattern of failure in both groups was distant metastatic disease, some local failures may be preventable with careful delineation of target volumes, especially near the base of skull region.

PMID: 27610285 [PubMed]

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IgG4-related disease causing facial nerve and optic nerve palsies: Case report and literature review.

IgG4-related disease causing facial nerve and optic nerve palsies: Case report and literature review.

Am J Otolaryngol. 2016 Aug 18;

Authors: Wick CC, Zachariah J, Manjila S, Brown WC, Malla P, Katirji B, Cohen M, Megerian CA

Abstract
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is increasingly being recognized as an entity effecting the head and neck region. Although most commonly seen with salivary gland or paranasal sinus involvement, IgG4-RD may also involve the temporal bone and skull base. We report a rare care of a 61-year-old female with IgG4-RD presenting as synchronous lesions of the middle ear and middle cranial fossa with polyneuropathy of cranial nerves II, VI, and VII. Initial histopathological evaluation of her resected ear mass suggested a benign inflammatory process but no specific diagnosis. Her symptoms progressed over 10months prompting re-evaluation of the specimen and consideration of the IgG4-RD diagnosis. Key pathologic features included prominent lymphoplasmacytic population, storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and IgG4 specific staining. The patient was treated with high-dose intravenous and oral steroids but was transitioned to azathioprine secondary to steroid-induced myopathy. Radiographic studies before and after treatment reveal marked improvement of the intracranial and extracranial disease. Correspondingly, her cranial neuropathies resolved. A high degree of clinical suspicion is necessary to diagnosis IgG4-RD. The diagnosis can be supported by elevated serum IgG, elevated IgG index, and pathognomonic histopathological findings. Primary treatment is with corticosteroids. However, immunotherapy using azathioprine or rituximab can be utilized in recurrent disease or patients with steroid intolerance.

PMID: 27609186 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Differences in sex distribution, anatomic location and MR imaging appearance of pediatric compared to adult chordomas.

Differences in sex distribution, anatomic location and MR imaging appearance of pediatric compared to adult chordomas.

BMC Med Imaging. 2016;16(1):53

Authors: Sebro R, DeLaney T, Hornicek F, Schwab J, Choy E, Nielsen GP, Rosenthal DI

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chordomas are rare malignancies that primarily affect adults, but also rarely affect pediatric patients. We compared the imaging appearance, demographic and anatomic distributions of adult and pediatric chordomas in a large cohort.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of medical records of 220 subjects with histologically confirmed chordomas of the axial skeleton and pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging studies. Age, sex, type of chordoma (conventional, chondroid or dedifferentiated), the anatomic location of the chordoma, as well as whether the lesion was primarily extra-osseous were recorded. Pediatric subjects were less than 21 years at the time of diagnosis. Binomial two-sample tests of proportions and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare proportions between the pediatric and adult subjects.
RESULTS: Fifty six pediatric subjects (58.9 % female) and 164 adult subjects (42.1 % female) were identified. The proportion of female subjects with chordomas was significantly higher in the pediatric cohort compared to the adult cohort (P = 0.04). Most chordomas occur in Caucasians, however African-Americans were more represented in the pediatric cohort than in the adult cohort (P = 0.01). 69.6 % (39/56) of the pediatric chordomas involved the clivus/skull base and cervical spine compared to 29.3 % (48/164) of the adult chordomas (P = 1.99 × 10(-7)). Only 1.8 % (1/56) of the pediatric chordomas was in the sacrococcygeal region compared to 36.0 % (59/164) of the adult chordomas (P = 2.55 × 10(-8)). In cases where pre-treatment imaging was available, 93.8 % (16/17) of pediatric chordomas were predominantly extra-osseous compared to 76.7 % (46/60) of adult chordomas (P = 0.17).
CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric chordomas more often affect females and occur most frequently at the craniocervical junction with decrease in incidence distally in the spine, whereas adult chordomas most frequently involve the craniocervical and sacrococcygeal regions.

PMID: 27609115 [PubMed - in process]

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The impact of radiotherapy on clinical outcomes in parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma.

The impact of radiotherapy on clinical outcomes in parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Radiat Oncol J. 2016 Sep 13;

Authors: Choi Y, Lim DH

Abstract
Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) is considered a mainstay of treatment in parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma (PM-RMS). We aim to determine the treatment outcomes and prognostic factors for PM-RMS patients who treated with RT. In addition, we tried to evaluate the adequate dose and timing of RT.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-two patients with PM-RMS from 1995 to 2013 were evaluated. Seven patients had intracranial extension (ICE) and 17 patients had skull base bony erosion (SBBE). Five patients showed distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. All patients underwent chemotherapy and RT. The median radiation dose was 50.4 Gy (range, 40.0 to 56.0 Gy).
Results: The median follow-up was 28.7 months. Twelve patients (54.5%) experienced failure after treatment; 4 local, 2 regional, and 6 distant failures. The 5-year local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) were 77.7% and 38.5%, respectively. The 5-year OS rate was 50.8% for patients without distant metastases and 0% for patients with metastases (p < 0.001). Radiation dose (<50 Gy vs. ≥50 Gy) did not compromise the LC (p = 0.645). However, LC was affected by ICE (p = 0.031). Delayed administration (>22 weeks) of RT was related to a higher rate of local failure (40.0%).
Conclusion: RT resulted in a higher rate of local control in PM-RMS. However, it was not extended to survival outcome. A more effective treatment for PM-RMS is warranted.

PMID: 27609110 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: Liu H, Zhang T, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Dai C

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: One-shot, low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin (ITG) treatment was effective and safe for Ménière's disease (MD) patients. Head thrust test (HTT) and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) test could be used as endpoint indicators for vertigo control in MD patients.
OBJECTIVES: The present study is to explore end-point indicators of ITG injection in MD.
METHODS: Patients with MD were reviewed from June 2012 to March 2014. Single-shot ITG at a concentration of 30 mg/ml was administered to patients. The sensitivity and specificity of HTT and VEMPs for vertigo control were measured.
RESULTS: All 37 patients with a median follow-up of 26 months were included. Of those 37 patients, 24 patients (64.9%) obtained class A vertigo control and seven patients (18.9%) obtained class B vertigo control. Only six patients had class C control (16.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of HTT for vertigo control were 74.2% and 50.0%. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of VEMPs threshold were 83.9% and 33.3%. When combined HTT and VEMPs, sensitivity and specificity were 93.5% and 66.7%. Based on the four-tone average thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz, 78.4% patients had no significant change in PTA and 16.2% patients experienced significant improvement.

PMID: 27608722 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Circulating microRNAs in Graves' Disease in Relation to Clinical Activity.

Circulating microRNAs in Graves' Disease in Relation to Clinical Activity.

Thyroid. 2016 Sep 9;

Authors: Hiratsuka I, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Hashimoto S, Itoh M

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Understanding the roles of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can provide important and novel information regarding disease pathogenesis and the patient's clinical condition. Circulating miRNAs, such as exosomal miRNA, may regulate various bioactivities related to intercellular communications. However, the circulation of miRNAs in Graves' disease (GD) in relation to disease activity has never been elucidated. This study aimed to identify circulating miRNAs in GD in relation to disease activity and whether their exosomes play a role in the pathogenesis of GD.
METHODS: Circulating miRNAs were measured in serum obtained from 7 intractable GD patients, 7 GD patients in remission, and 7 healthy controls using the miScript miRNA PCR Array. Altered miRNAs selected from array data were validated in 65 subjects. To investigate exosome biology, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were incubated with exosomes isolated from sera of the subjects. We quantified mRNAs for cytokines using quantitative real-time PCR.
RESULTS: Circulating miR-23b-5p and miR-92a-39 were increased in GD patients in remission compared with intractable GD patients (P < 0.05). On the other hand, let-7g-3p and miR-339-5p were decreased in GD patients in remission compared with intractable GD patients (P < 0.05). Exosomes from intractable GD patients stimulated mRNA expression for IL-1 and TNF-α compared with GD patients in remission or healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that different levels of circulating miRNAs are associated with the intractable GD. Moreover, serum exosomes of patients with intractable GD may activate immune cells, which may play an important role in GD pathogenesis.

PMID: 27610819 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The role of CDKN2C copy number in sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma.

The role of CDKN2C copy number in sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Thyroid. 2016 Sep 9;

Authors: Grubbs EG, Williams MD, Scheet P, Vattathil S, Perrier N, Lee JE, Gagel RF, Hai T, Feng L, Cabanillas M, Cote GJ

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitors (CDKN)/retinoblastoma (RB1) pathway has been implicated as having a role in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) tumorigenesis. CDKN2C loss has been associated with RET-mediated MTC in humans but with minimal phenotypic correlation provided. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association among tumor RET mutation status, CDKN2C loss, and aggressiveness of MTC in a cohort of patients with sporadic disease.
METHODS: Tumors from patients with sporadic MTC treated at a single institution were evaluated for somatic RET M918T mutation and CDKN2C copy number loss. These variables were compared to patient demographics, pathology detail, clinical course, and disease-specific and overall survival.
RESULTS: Sixty-two MTC cases with an initial surgery date ranging from 1983 to 2009 met the inclusion criteria. The median age at initial surgery was 53 years (range 22-81 years) of whom 36 (58%) were male. The median tumor size was 30 mm (range 6-145 mm) with 29 (57%) possessing extrathyroidal extension. Nodal and/or distant metastasis at presentation was found in 47 of 60 (78%) and 12 of 61 (20%) of patients, respectively. Median follow up time was 10.5 years (1.1-27.8 years) for the censored observations. The presence of CDKN2C loss was associated with worse M stage and overall AJCC stage. Median overall survival of patients with vs. without CDKN2C loss was 4.14 (95% CI: 1.93-NA) vs. 18.27 (95%CI: 17.24-NA) years (p=<0.0001). Median overall survival of patients with a combined somatic RET M918T mutation and CDKN2C loss vs. no somatic RET M918T mutation and CDKN2C loss vs. somatic RET M918T mutation and CDKN2C 2N vs. no somatic RET M918T mutation and CDKN2C 2N was 2.38 (95% CI: 1.67-NA) years vs. 10.81 (95% CI: 2.46-NA) vs. 17.24 (95% CI: 9.82-NA) vs. not reached (95% CI: 13.46-NA) years (p=<0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of CDKN2C loss is associated with the presence of distant metastasis at presentation as well decreased overall survival, a relationship enhanced by concomitant RET M918T mutation. Further defining the genes involved in the progression of metastatic MTC will be an important step towards identifying pathways of disease progression and new therapeutic targets.

PMID: 27610696 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Foxe1 Polymorphism Interacts with Dietary Iodine Intake in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Risk in the Cuban Population.

Foxe1 Polymorphism Interacts with Dietary Iodine Intake in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Risk in the Cuban Population.

Thyroid. 2016 Sep 9;

Authors: Ren Y, Lence-Anta JJ, Pereda C, Chappa M, Velasco M, Infante I, Bustillo M, Turcios S, Leufroy A, Guérin T, Noël L, Lesueur F, Maillard S, Clero E, Xhaard C, Allodji RS, Rubino C, Rodriguez R, Ortiz R, de Vathaire F

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is low in Cuba and the contribution of dietary factors to DTC in this population has not been investigated so far. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between dietary iodine intake and DTC with regard to the interaction with environmental factors or some common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), based on a case-control study carried out in Cuba.
METHODS: We interviewed 203 cases and 212 controls from the general population face to face by using the dietary intake questionnaire and the photo booklet from the E3N cohort. A specific food composition table was elaborated for this study. For each parameter studied, the odds ratio (OR) was stratified on age group and sex, and further adjusted for dietary energy, smoking status, ethnic group, level of education, number of pregnancies and body surface area.
RESULTS: The risk of DTC was significantly reduced with increasing consumption of fish (p-trend=0.04), but no association between total dietary iodine intake and DTC risk was evident (p-trend=0.7); this lack of significant association was true whatever the age, the smoking status, the dietary selenium intake and the ethnicity (all p-interactions > 0.05). DTC risk was positively and strongly associated with the number of copies in the minor allele (A) for SNP rs965513 near FOXE1 among people who consumed less iodine than the median (adjusted p-interaction=0.005).
CONCLUSION: Overall, the majority of the studied population had an optimal dietary iodine intake; DTC risk was inversely associated with high fish consumption. Furthermore, DTC risk was positively associated with the number of copies in the minor allele (A) of rs965513 among people who consumed less iodine than the median. Because these findings are based on post-diagnostic measures, studies with pre-diagnostic dietary iodine are needed for confirmation.

PMID: 27610545 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Effects of wearing and removing dentures on oropharyngeal motility during swallowing.

Effects of wearing and removing dentures on oropharyngeal motility during swallowing.

J Oral Rehabil. 2016 Sep 9;

Authors: Onodera S, Furuya J, Yamamoto H, Tamada Y, Kondo H

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Wearing dentures and dysphagia are common in older individuals, however, it is still unknown how dentures affects oral and pharyngeal swallowing.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to reveal the effects of wearing and removing dentures on oropharygeal movements during pharyngeal swallowing in the feeding sequence of solid food.
METHODS: Participants were 25 edentulous volunteers (9 men, 16 women; mean age 76.2 years) who wore complete dentures. The test food was minced agar jelly containing barium sulfate. Subjects were instructed to feed and swallow the test food with or without dentures during observation using videofluorography. We quantitatively evaluated the range, distance, and duration of oropharyngeal movements during pharyngeal swallowing.
RESULTS: When dentures were absent, the range of mandible and hyoid movements were significantly expanded in the anterosuperior direction, and the range of laryngeal movement was significantly expanded in the anterior direction. Additionally, the posterior pharyngeal wall contraction and upper esophageal sphincter opening significantly increased. In addition, the distances of the mandible, hyoid, and laryngeal movements, and the mandibular duration were significantly extended when dentures were absent. No significant differences were observed in the duration of movements of other organs between wearing and removing dentures.
CONCLUSIONS: The hyoid bone, larynx, posterior pharyngeal wall, and upper esophageal sphincter do not change their duration of movements when dentures were removed, but rather, expand their range of movement. This might be spatial change of oropharyngeal movement to avoid temporal changes in pharyngeal swallowing when dentures were absent in edentulous older individuals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 27611827 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Highly Pathogenic Eurasian H5N8 Avian Influenza Outbreaks in Two Commercial Poultry Flocks in California.

Highly Pathogenic Eurasian H5N8 Avian Influenza Outbreaks in Two Commercial Poultry Flocks in California.

Avian Dis. 2016 Sep;60(3):688-693

Authors: Stoute S, Chin R, Crossley B, Gabriel Sentíes-Cué C, Bickford A, Pantin-Jackwood M, Breitmeyer R, Jones A, Carnaccini S, Shivaprasad HL

Abstract
In January 2015, a highly pathogenic Eurasian lineage H5N8 avian influenza (AI) virus (AIV) was detected in a commercial meat turkey flock in Stanislaus County, CA. Approximately 3 wk later, a similar case was diagnosed in commercial brown layers from a different company located in Kings County, CA. Five 14-wk-old turkey hens were submitted to the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System (CAHFS), Turlock, and eleven 12-wk-old chickens were submitted to CAHFS, Tulare laboratory due to an acute increase in flock mortality. Gross lesions included enlarged and mottled pale spleens and pancreas in turkeys and chickens. Histologically, the major lesions observed in turkeys and chickens were splenitis, pancreatitis, encephalitis, and pneumonia. In both cases, diagnosis was based on real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RRT-PCR), sequencing, and virus isolation from oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs. Confirmatory diagnosis and AIV characterization was done at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory, Ames, IA. The sequence of the AIV from both cases was 99% identical to an H5N8 AI virus (A/gyrfalcon/Washington/41088-6/2014) isolated from a captive gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) from Washington State in December 2014. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) performed on various tissues from both cases indicated a widespread AIV tissue distribution. Except for minor variations, the tissue distribution of the AI antigen was similar in the chickens and turkeys. There was positive IHC staining in the brain, spleen, pancreas, larynx, trachea, and lungs in both chickens and turkeys. Hearts, ovaries, and air sacs from the turkeys were also positive for the AI antigen. The liver sections from the chickens had occasional AI-positive staining in mononuclear cells, but the IHC on liver sections from the turkeys were negative. The bursa of Fabricius, small intestine, kidney, and skeletal muscle sections were negative for the AI antigen in both chickens and turkeys.

PMID: 27610732 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Medial and mediolateral orbital decompression in intractable Graves' Orbitopathy.

Medial and mediolateral orbital decompression in intractable Graves' Orbitopathy.

Auris Nasus Larynx. 2016 Sep 5;

Authors: Seibel I, Hofmann VM, Sönmez H, Schönfeld S, Jumah MD, Lenarz M, Coordes A

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Graves' Orbitopathy (GO) has well established treatment guidelines; however, its management is still controversial. The aim was to evaluate the results of medial and mediolateral orbital decompression (OD) in intractable GO.
METHODS: Retrospective chart review of all patients with advanced stages of GO, who underwent medial (1-wall) or mediolateral (2-wall) OD between May 2012 and November 2014 in our institution. Ophthalmologic examinations included visual acuity, Hertel exophthalmometry (proptosis), intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field (30:2) and diplopia. Follow-up was performed 1 week, 3 months and 1 year postoperatively. Additionally, a questionnaire was used to investigate subjective benefits.
RESULTS: The study included 34 eyes of 20 patients. In our study, GO patients who underwent mediolateral OD had significantly higher IOP preoperatively (p<0.05) and lower visual acuity, proptosis and visual field compared with patients who underwent medial OD. After 1- and 2-wall OD, visual acuity, proptosis, visual field and IOP in upgaze improved significantly. Using a questionnaire, the patients reported significant improvements in impaired vision, eye pain and pressure, vitality and social life. 94% of all patients reported they would repeat the operation. After 2-wall OD, the surgical scar had little effect.
CONCLUSION: With GO patients in advanced stages, both medial (1-wall) and mediolateral (2-wall) OD procedures are convincing therapeutic options. In more advanced GO stages with high IOP, 2-wall OD should be prioritized, as mediolateral OD had superior long-term functional outcomes.

PMID: 27609530 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Primary mucosal CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders of the head and neck rarely involving epiglottis: clinicopathological, immunohistomchemical and genetic features of a case.

Related Articles

Primary mucosal CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders of the head and neck rarely involving epiglottis: clinicopathological, immunohistomchemical and genetic features of a case.

Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015;8(9):11685-90

Authors: Zhou J, Wang G, Zhang D, Yin Y, Pang X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li W

Abstract
A case of primary mucosal CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the head and neck rarely involving epiglottis in a 59-year-old male was reported. Histologically, the ulcerative mucosa was affected by sheets of mixed inflammatory infiltration, with scattered large atypical lymphoid cells arranging in an individual or small clusters with focal epidermotropism. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were uniformly immunoreactive to antibodies against CD2, CD3, CD7, CD43, CD4, TIA-1, with a heterogeneous expression of CD30, but negative for CD20, CD79a, CD21, CD8, CD56, ALK, EMA, granzyme B. Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA (EBER) were detected. Genetically, T-cell receptor (TCR) γ gene showed an oligoclonal rearrangement. This first case developing in epiglottis demonstrates mucosal CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders are characteristic of a broad clinicopathologic spectrum similar to the counterpart in the skin with a favorable prognosis.

PMID: 26617911 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli promotes intestinal colonization of Salmonella enterica.

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Heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli promotes intestinal colonization of Salmonella enterica.

Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015 Dec;43:1-7

Authors: Verbrugghe E, Van Parys A, Leyman B, Boyen F, Arnouts S, Lundberg U, Ducatelle R, Van den Broeck W, Yekta MA, Cox E, Haesebrouck F, Pasmans F

Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of infantile and travellers' diarrhoea, which poses a serious health burden, especially in developing countries. In addition, ETEC bacteria are a major cause of illness and death in neonatal and recently weaned pigs. The production of a heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) promotes the colonization and pathogenicity of ETEC and may exacerbate co-infections with other enteric pathogens such as Salmonella enterica. We showed that the intraintestinal presence of LT dramatically increased the intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium load in experimentally inoculated pigs. This could not be explained by direct alteration of the invasion or survival capacity of Salmonella in enterocytes, in vitro. However, we demonstrated that LT affects the enteric mucus layer composition in a mucus-secreting goblet cell line by significantly decreasing the expression of mucin 4. The current results show that LT alters the intestinal mucus composition and aggravates a Salmonella Typhimurium infection, which may result in the exacerbation of the diarrhoeal illness.

PMID: 26616654 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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miR-19a and SOCS-1 expression in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal (glottic) verrucous squamous cell carcinoma.

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miR-19a and SOCS-1 expression in the differential diagnosis of laryngeal (glottic) verrucous squamous cell carcinoma.

J Clin Pathol. 2016 May;69(5):415-21

Authors: Marioni G, Agostini M, Cappellesso R, Bedin C, Ottaviano G, Marchese-Ragona R, Lovato A, Cacco T, Giacomelli L, Nitti D, Blandamura S, Stellini E, de Filippis C

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Laryngeal verrucous squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) is a highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the diagnosis of which can meet with many pitfalls: benign hyperplastic lesions and conventional SCC are the most important differential diagnoses. The microRNA miR-19a is overexpressed in many solid tumours and regulates the suppressor of cytokine signalling-1 (SOCS-1) expression.
AIMS: The main endpoints were to assess miR-19a and SOCS-1 expression in glottic VSCC, and the former's potential role in differentiating between glottic VSCC, conventional SCC and hyperplastic lesions.
METHODS: The expression of MiR-19a (by reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR) and SOCS-1 (by immunohistochemistry, rabbit polyclonal anti-SOCS-1 antibody) was assessed in 11 consecutive cases of glottic VSCC, 20 of papillary hyperplasia and 42 cases of conventional SCC.
RESULTS: Mean miR-19a expression was significantly higher (p = 0.000) in malignant glottic lesions (conventional SCC/VSCC) than in benign conditions. Significant differences in mean miR-19a expression also emerged between conventional SCC and papillary hyperplasia (p = 0.000), and between conventional SCC and VSCC (p = 0.03). miR-19a expression was not statistically associated with SOCS-1 immunoreactivity or immunostaining intensity in VSCC, conventional SCC or papillary hyperplasia.
CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary outcomes suggest the utility of miR-19a in the challenging differential diagnosis of laryngeal VSCC. Although miR-19a has been found to regulate SOCS-1 expression, this evidence was not confirmed by this investigation.

PMID: 26502748 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Characteristic laryngoscopic findings in Parkinson's disease patients after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation and its correlation with voice disorder.

Related Articles

Characteristic laryngoscopic findings in Parkinson's disease patients after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation and its correlation with voice disorder.

J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2015 Dec;122(12):1663-72

Authors: Tsuboi T, Watanabe H, Tanaka Y, Ohdake R, Yoneyama N, Hara K, Ito M, Hirayama M, Yamamoto M, Fujimoto Y, Kajita Y, Wakabayashi T, Sobue G

Abstract
Speech and voice disorders are one of the most common adverse effects in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients treated with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS). However, the pathophysiology of voice and laryngeal dysfunction after STN-DBS remains unclear. We assessed 47 PD patients (22 treated with bilateral STN-DBS (PD-DBS) and 25 treated medically (PD-Med); all patients in both groups matched by age, sex, disease duration, and motor and cognitive function) using the objective and subjective voice assessment batteries (GRBAS scale and Voice Handicap Index), and laryngoscopy. Laryngoscopic examinations revealed that PD-DBS patients showed a significantly higher incidence of incomplete glottal closure (77 vs 48 %; p = 0.039), hyperadduction of the false vocal folds (73 vs 44 %; p = 0.047), anteroposterior hypercompression (50 vs 20 %; p = 0.030) and asymmetrical glottal movement (50 vs 16 %; p = 0.002) than PD-Med patients. On- and off-stimulation assessment revealed that STN-DBS could induce or aggravate incomplete glottal closure, hyperadduction of the false vocal folds, anteroposterior hypercompression, and asymmetrical glottal movement. Incomplete glottal closure and hyperadduction of the false vocal folds significantly correlated with breathiness and strained voice, respectively (r = 0.590 and 0.539). We should adjust patients' DBS settings in consideration of voice and laryngeal functions as well as motor function.

PMID: 26254905 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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Advances in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of Bow Hunter's Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

Advances in the Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of Bow Hunter's Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

Interv Neurol. 2016 Jun;5(1-2):29-38

Authors: Duan G, Xu J, Shi J, Cao Y

Abstract
Bow hunter's syndrome (BHS), also known as rotational vertebral artery (VA) occlusion syndrome, is a rare yet treatable type of symptomatic vertebrobasilar insufficiency resulting from mechanical occlusion or stenosis of the VA during head and neck rotation or extension. The symptoms of BHS range from transient vertigo to posterior circulation stroke. The underlying pathology is dynamic stenosis or compression of the VA by abnormal bony structures with neck rotation or extension in many cases, such as osteophyte, disc herniation, cervical spondylosis, tendinous bands or tumors. Imaging approaches, such as Doppler sonography, computed tomography and angiography, as well as magnetic resonance imaging and angiography, are widely used in the diagnosis and evaluation of this syndrome. Digital subtraction angiography with head rotation remains the gold standard diagnostic method. Conservative management, surgery and endovascular procedures are the three major treatment methods for BHS, whereas some symptomatic patients may need operative treatment including surgery and endovascular procedures when conservative management is not adequate.

PMID: 27610119 [PubMed]

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Bilateral sub-axial rotational vertebral artery occlusion in a setting of a prior cervical construct.

Bilateral sub-axial rotational vertebral artery occlusion in a setting of a prior cervical construct.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Sep 5;

Authors: Felbaum DR, Ryan JE, Stemer AB, Anaizi AN

Abstract
Rotational vertebral artery occlusion (RVAO) or bow hunter's syndrome most commonly affects the C1-2 level due to its importance in regulating rotational movement. We present a 50-year old man who had undergone several prior sub-axial cervical spine operations with increasing neck pain and severe symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency with bi-directional head rotation. Dynamic cerebral angiography demonstrated complete occlusion of left vertebral artery during head rotation to the right, and complete occlusion of the right vertebral artery during head rotation to the left. Occlusions occurred at the level and rostral to his prior construct, with immediate recurrence of debilitating vertigo and near-syncope. Successful radiographic and clinical resolution of symptoms was achieved by posterior instrumentation and fusion from C2, connecting to his prior hardware. A brief literature review and treatment options will be discussed for this unusual presentation of a rare clinical entity.

PMID: 27609452 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: Liu H, Zhang T, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Dai C

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: One-shot, low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin (ITG) treatment was effective and safe for Ménière's disease (MD) patients. Head thrust test (HTT) and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) test could be used as endpoint indicators for vertigo control in MD patients.
OBJECTIVES: The present study is to explore end-point indicators of ITG injection in MD.
METHODS: Patients with MD were reviewed from June 2012 to March 2014. Single-shot ITG at a concentration of 30 mg/ml was administered to patients. The sensitivity and specificity of HTT and VEMPs for vertigo control were measured.
RESULTS: All 37 patients with a median follow-up of 26 months were included. Of those 37 patients, 24 patients (64.9%) obtained class A vertigo control and seven patients (18.9%) obtained class B vertigo control. Only six patients had class C control (16.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of HTT for vertigo control were 74.2% and 50.0%. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of VEMPs threshold were 83.9% and 33.3%. When combined HTT and VEMPs, sensitivity and specificity were 93.5% and 66.7%. Based on the four-tone average thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz, 78.4% patients had no significant change in PTA and 16.2% patients experienced significant improvement.

PMID: 27608722 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Normal pressure hydrocephalus: Increase of utricular input in responders to spinal tap test.

Related Articles

Normal pressure hydrocephalus: Increase of utricular input in responders to spinal tap test.

Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 May;127(5):2294-301

Authors: Böttcher N, Bremova T, Feil K, Heinze C, Schniepp R, Strupp M

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there is a change in ocular (oVEMP) and cervical (cVEMP) vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) before and after spinal tap test (STT).
METHODS: In 25 patients (6 females, age 62-83years) c/oVEMP were measured before and after STT. Patients with an increase of >20% of walking velocity were classified as responders (n=10). VEMP were also measured in a control group of 13 non-NPH patients.
RESULTS: All patients had reproducible oVEMP; 68% had cVEMP. There was a significant increase of the peak-to-peak (pp) oVEMP amplitude after STT in responders (8.5±2.7 to 18.9±7.5μV (p=0.010)). No significant changes were found in non-responders (13.4±7.6 to 15.3±8.6μV) or controls (12.4±7.6 to 12.5±6.8μV). There were no significant differences in cVEMP before and after spinal tap test (STT).
CONCLUSION: One third of patients with suspected NPH had impaired otolith function. Responders to STT only had a significant increase of oVEMP and thereby utricular input, probably due to a decrease of pressure.
SIGNIFICANCE: Both findings indicate that otolith dysfunction may contribute to imbalance in NPH and that increased utricular function after STT may be relevant for gait improvement.

PMID: 27072102 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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The introduction of emergency cricothyroidotomy simulation training in Zimbabwe contributed to the saving of two lives.

The introduction of emergency cricothyroidotomy simulation training in Zimbabwe contributed to the saving of two lives.

J Laryngol Otol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-5

Authors: Avnstorp MB, Jensen PV, Dzongodza T, Matinhira N, Chidziva C, Melchiors J, Von Buchwald C

Abstract
BACKGROUND: In developing countries with limited access to ENT services, performing emergency cricothyroidotomy in patients with upper airway obstruction may be a life-saving last resort. An established Danish-Zimbabwean collaboration of otorhinolaryngologists enrolled Zimbabwean doctors into a video-guided simulation training programme on emergency cricothyroidotomy. This paper presents the positive effect of this training, illustrated by two case reports.
CASE REPORTS: A 56-year-old female presented with upper airway obstruction due to a rapidly progressing infectious swelling of the head and neck progressing to cardiac arrest. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated and a secure surgical airway was established via an emergency cricothyroidotomy, saving the patient. A 70-year-old male presented with upper airway obstruction secondary to intubation for an elective procedure. When extubated, the patient exhibited severe stridor followed by respiratory arrest. Re-intubation attempts were unsuccessful and emergency cricothyroidotomy was performed to secure the airway, preserving the life of the patient.
CONCLUSION: Emergency cricothyroidotomy training should be considered for all surgeons, anaesthetists and, eventually, emergency and recovery room personnel in developing countries. A video-guided simulation training programme on emergency cricothyroidotomy in Zimbabwe proved its value in this regard.

PMID: 27608941 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing for the prognosis of Bell's palsy.

Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing for the prognosis of Bell's palsy.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-4

Authors: Yang CW, Kim SH, Yeo SG, Park MS, Byun JY

Abstract
CONCLUSION: oVEMP could be a useful tool for predicting the prognosis of Bell's palsy comparable to ENoG and H-B grade.
OBJECTIVES: Several previous studies have reported cases of Bell's palsy with vestibular function disorder. The basic hypothesis behind this effect lies in the close proximity of the vestibular and facial nerves in the internal auditory canal (IAC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between Bell's palsy prognosis and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs).
METHODS: Total 104 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with Bell?s palsy from January 2012 to December 2014 were enrolled. Patients were divided into complete recovery group and incomplete recovery group. All of patients underwent oVEMP recordings within 1 week after disease onset. For the evaluation of correlation between H-B grades, ENoG, oVEMP and Recovery of Bell?s palsy, logistic regression analysis was performed.
RESULTS: The mean value of ocular vemp asymmetry was significantly higher in the incomplete recovery group than the complete recovery group (p < 0.05). No association was found between the ipsilesional PTA threshold, caloric test, and rate of abnormal EMG and recovery state. However, the initial state of ENoG, initial H-B grade, and oVEMP abnormal findings (Latency & Amplitude symmetry ratio) were significantly correlated with the rate of recovery (p = 0.025, p = 0.013, and p < 0.005, respectively).

PMID: 27609665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Adverse skin reactions following percutaneous bone conduction implant surgery using the linear incision technique with and without subcutaneous tissue reduction.

Adverse skin reactions following percutaneous bone conduction implant surgery using the linear incision technique with and without subcutaneous tissue reduction.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-5

Authors: Van der Gucht K, Vanderveken O, Hamans E, Claes J, Van Rompaey V, Van de Heyning P

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: Adverse skin reactions were equally distributed among age groups, surgical technique, or presence of a retroauricular incision. Implant loss was observed more frequently in children when compared to adults and elderly.
OBJECTIVE: A bone conduction (osseointegrated) implant can be used for rehabilitation of patients with conductive hearing loss or single-sided deafness. The surgical technique has been modified to minimize adverse skin reactions and other complications. Two commonly used techniques are the linear incision technique with subcutaneous tissue reduction and the technique without tissue reduction. The primary aim is to compare the complication rate between the two surgical techniques.
METHODS: Retrospective study on all bone conduction implant cases implanted between April 1990 and July 2014 at a tertiary referral center. Skin reactions were graded by Holgers' scale (grade 0-1: 'normal', grade 2-3: 'adverse'). The worst follow-up available was reported.
RESULTS: Of the 289 bone conduction implants, 25 were implanted in children, 220 in adults, and 44 in elderly. Implant loss occurred in 2.8% of all cases: 8.0% in children, 2.3% in adults, and 2.3% in the elderly. Skin overgrowth was seen in 4.2%: 4% in children, 4.8% in adults, and 3.5% in the elderly. No differences were observed in the amount of adverse skin reactions (16.8% vs 14.7%) or skin overgrowth (4.6% vs 2.9%) between the surgical techniques. There was no difference in adverse skin reactions if the patient had a retroauricular incision (14.4% with vs 17.8% without prior incision).

PMID: 27609549 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Is the Keros classification alone enough to identify patients with the 'dangerous ethmoid'? An anatomical study.

Is the Keros classification alone enough to identify patients with the 'dangerous ethmoid'? An anatomical study.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-6

Authors: Skorek A, Tretiakow D, Szmuda T, Przewozny T

Abstract
CONCLUSION: By means of three-dimensional display of the critical measurements, the authors suggest a novel definition of 'dangerous ethmoid'. Parallel to Keros type III, the proposed determining factors include: olfactory fossa width >6 mm, its distance to the medial nasal concha (turbinate) <20 mm and to the orbit interval of <10 mm. Clinical evaluation of these preliminary criteria based only on radiological data is required and underway.
OBJECTIVES: Detailed pre-operative assessment of sinus computer tomography (CT) scans reduces the frequency of severe complications in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The authors aimed to identify a sub-set of anatomical features pre-disposing to major post-operative complications.
METHOD: Sinus computer tomography (CT) scans of patients of a single institution qualified for ESS were examined. Besides the Keros classification, authors focused on the anatomic measurements as follows: the olfactory fossa depth, width, and its distance from the medial nasal concha and the medial wall of the orbit (referred to as 'critical measurements'). The sample comprised 120 consecutive CT exams, without clinical validation.
RESULTS: Keros type I, II, and III was noted in 9.2%, 75.8%, and 15.0% of cases, respectively. Despite some statistically significant correlations, it was not possible to identify the patient age, sex, and side of body clearly correlating with the critical measurements.

PMID: 27608833 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

End-point indicators of low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin in management of Ménière's disease.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-8

Authors: Liu H, Zhang T, Wu Q, Zhang Y, Dai C

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: One-shot, low-dose intra-tympanic gentamicin (ITG) treatment was effective and safe for Ménière's disease (MD) patients. Head thrust test (HTT) and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) test could be used as endpoint indicators for vertigo control in MD patients.
OBJECTIVES: The present study is to explore end-point indicators of ITG injection in MD.
METHODS: Patients with MD were reviewed from June 2012 to March 2014. Single-shot ITG at a concentration of 30 mg/ml was administered to patients. The sensitivity and specificity of HTT and VEMPs for vertigo control were measured.
RESULTS: All 37 patients with a median follow-up of 26 months were included. Of those 37 patients, 24 patients (64.9%) obtained class A vertigo control and seven patients (18.9%) obtained class B vertigo control. Only six patients had class C control (16.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of HTT for vertigo control were 74.2% and 50.0%. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity of VEMPs threshold were 83.9% and 33.3%. When combined HTT and VEMPs, sensitivity and specificity were 93.5% and 66.7%. Based on the four-tone average thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, 3 kHz, 78.4% patients had no significant change in PTA and 16.2% patients experienced significant improvement.

PMID: 27608722 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Extended high frequency audiometry can diagnose sub-clinic involvement in a seemingly normal hearing systemic lupus erythematosus population.

Extended high frequency audiometry can diagnose sub-clinic involvement in a seemingly normal hearing systemic lupus erythematosus population.

Acta Otolaryngol. 2016 Sep 9;:1-6

Authors: Lasso de la Vega M, Villarreal IM, López Moya J, García-Berrocal JR

Abstract
CONCLUSIONS: Sensorineural hearing loss must be considered within the clinical picture of systemic lupus erythematosus. The results confirm the usefulness of extended high-frequency audiometry in the audiologic testing of these patients, enabling the possibility of modifying or applying a preventive treatment for a possible hearing loss.
OBJECTIVES: Hearing involvement is usually under-diagnosed with routine auditory examination. This study proposes the use of extended high-frequency audiometry to achieve a correct detection of a possible asymptomatic hypoacusis in early stages of the disease. The aim of this study is to analyze the hearing levels in extended high-frequencies in these patients and to correlate the hearing loss with the severity of the disease and the immunological parameters.
METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Fifty-five patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were included in the study. The control group consisted of 71 patients paired by age and sex with the study population. Both a pure tone audiometry and an extended high-frequency audiometry (8-18 KHz) were performed.
RESULTS: In total, 70% were diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss with extended high-frequency audiometry, overcoming the results obtained with pure tone audiometry (30.9%). Statistically significant correlations were found within the patients regarding sensorineural hearing loss related with age, disease activity and cryoglobulinemia.

PMID: 27608500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Covert contrast and covert errors in persistent velar fronting.

Covert contrast and covert errors in persistent velar fronting.

Clin Linguist Phon. 2016 Sep 9;:1-21

Authors: Cleland J, Scobbie JM, Heyde C, Roxburgh Z, Wrench AA

Abstract
Acoustic and articulatory studies demonstrate covert contrast in perceptually neutralised phonemic contrasts in both typical children and children with speech disorders. These covert contrasts are thought to be relatively common and symptomatic of phonetic speech disorders. However, clinicians in the speech therapy clinic have had no easy way of identifying this covertness. This study uses ultrasound tongue imaging to compare tongue contours for /t/and /k/in seven children with persistent velar fronting. We present a method of overlaying tongue contours to identify covert contrast at the articulatory level. Results show that all seven children, contrary to expectations, produced both /t/and /k/with near-identical tongue shapes showing no evidence of covert contrast. However, further analysis of one of the participants showed highly variable tongue shapes for /t/and /k/, including retroflex productions of both. Although not phonologically conditioned, this covert error is evidence of speech disorder at the phonetic level.

PMID: 27610938 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Repeated use of request for confirmation in atypical interaction.

Repeated use of request for confirmation in atypical interaction.

Clin Linguist Phon. 2016 Sep 9;:1-22

Authors: Rasmussen G

Abstract
This study investigates a specific method for making possible the participation of participants with cognitive and communicative impairments in social face-to-face interaction. Non-impaired co-participants design close-ended questions that project who the next speaker is, i.e. the impaired co-participant. The questions also project what kind of response amongst alternatives the impaired co-participant is supposed to produce. Upon answers to these questions, the non-impaired co-participant requests the impaired participant to confirm the answer twice. Using conversation analytic (CA) methods, the study scrutinises what is achieved by requesting a confirmation of the provided answer - repeatedly so. The study argues that the practice may put the (deficit) competence of the participant with impairments in focus if the initial close-ended question works to establish an understanding of a prior action by the participant with impairments.

PMID: 27610755 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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