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19 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"[jour]
These pubmed results were generated on 2016/02/02
PubMed comprises more than 24 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
22 new pubmed citations were retrieved for your search. Click on the search hyperlink below to display the complete search results:
These pubmed results were generated on 2016/02/02
PubMed comprises more than 24 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
| Related Articles |
Dynamic 1.5-T vs 3-T true fast imaging with steady-state precession (trueFISP)-MRI sequences for assessment of velopharyngeal function.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2015;44(8):20150028
Authors: Sinko K, Czerny C, Jagsch R, Baumann A, Kulinna-Cosentini C
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare the image quality of MRI scans produced with 1.5- and 3.0-T devices during functional test condition.
METHODS: 65 MRI scans obtained with 1.5- (n = 43) or 3.0-T (n = 22) true fast imaging with steady-state precession (trueFISP) sequences from patients with a history of a cleft palate were evaluated. Two experts assessed the MRI scans, independently of each other, and blinded to the MRI technique used. Subjective ratings were entered on a five-point Likert scale. The median planes of three anatomical structures (velum, tongue and pharyngeal wall) were assessed in three functional states (at rest, during phonation of sustained "e" and during articulation of "kkk"). In addition, MRI scans taken during velopharyngeal closure were evaluated.
RESULTS: Under blinded conditions, both observers (radiologist and orthodontist) independently rated the quality of 1.5-T scans higher than that of 3.0 T. Statistical analysis of pooled data showed that the differences were highly significant (p < 0.009) in 4 out of 10 test conditions. The greatest differences in favour of 1.5 T were observed for MRI scans of the velum.
CONCLUSIONS: 1.5 T used with trueFISP may be preferable over 3.0-T trueFISP for the evaluation of the velopharyngeal structures in the clinical routine.
PMID: 26090932 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Intestinal epithelial tuft cells initiate type 2 mucosal immunity to helminth parasites.
Nature. 2016 Jan 14;529(7585):226-30
Authors: Gerbe F, Sidot E, Smyth DJ, Ohmoto M, Matsumoto I, Dardalhon V, Cesses P, Garnier L, Pouzolles M, Brulin B, Bruschi M, Harcus Y, Zimmermann VS, Taylor N, Maizels RM, Jay P
Abstract
Helminth parasitic infections are a major global health and social burden. The host defence against helminths such as Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is orchestrated by type 2 cell-mediated immunity. Induction of type 2 cytokines, including interleukins (IL) IL-4 and IL-13, induce goblet cell hyperplasia with mucus production, ultimately resulting in worm expulsion. However, the mechanisms underlying the initiation of type 2 responses remain incompletely understood. Here we show that tuft cells, a rare epithelial cell type in the steady-state intestinal epithelium, are responsible for initiating type 2 responses to parasites by a cytokine-mediated cellular relay. Tuft cells have a Th2-related gene expression signature and we demonstrate that they undergo a rapid and extensive IL-4Rα-dependent amplification following infection with helminth parasites, owing to direct differentiation of epithelial crypt progenitor cells. We find that the Pou2f3 gene is essential for tuft cell specification. Pou2f3(-/-) mice lack intestinal tuft cells and have defective mucosal type 2 responses to helminth infection; goblet cell hyperplasia is abrogated and worm expulsion is compromised. Notably, IL-4Rα signalling is sufficient to induce expansion of the tuft cell lineage, and ectopic stimulation of this signalling cascade obviates the need for tuft cells in the epithelial cell remodelling of the intestine. Moreover, tuft cells secrete IL-25, thereby regulating type 2 immune responses. Our data reveal a novel function of intestinal epithelial tuft cells and demonstrate a cellular relay required for initiating mucosal type 2 immunity to helminth infection.
PMID: 26762460 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Tuft-cell-derived IL-25 regulates an intestinal ILC2-epithelial response circuit.
Nature. 2016 Jan 14;529(7585):221-5
Authors: von Moltke J, Ji M, Liang HE, Locksley RM
Abstract
Parasitic helminths and allergens induce a type 2 immune response leading to profound changes in tissue physiology, including hyperplasia of mucus-secreting goblet cells and smooth muscle hypercontractility. This response, known as 'weep and sweep', requires interleukin (IL)-13 production by tissue-resident group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and recruited type 2 helper T cells (TH2 cells). Experiments in mice and humans have demonstrated requirements for the epithelial cytokines IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-25 in the activation of ILC2s, but the sources and regulation of these signals remain poorly defined. In the small intestine, the epithelium consists of at least five distinct cellular lineages, including the tuft cell, whose function is unclear. Here we show that tuft cells constitutively express IL-25 to sustain ILC2 homeostasis in the resting lamina propria in mice. After helminth infection, tuft-cell-derived IL-25 further activates ILC2s to secrete IL-13, which acts on epithelial crypt progenitors to promote differentiation of tuft and goblet cells, leading to increased frequencies of both. Tuft cells, ILC2s and epithelial progenitors therefore comprise a response circuit that mediates epithelial remodelling associated with type 2 immunity in the small intestine, and perhaps at other mucosal barriers populated by these cells.
PMID: 26675736 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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[A clinical study of laryngotracheal separation in spinal muscular atrophy type I patients].
No To Hattatsu. 2015 Sep;47(5):360-2
Authors: Fujioka T, Nakano K, Maniwa S
Abstract
Artificial respiration by tracheostomy is necessary for long-term survival in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) Type I patients. There are two types of tracheostomy: i )simple tracheostomy and ii) tracheostomy plus aspiration prevention surgery, including laryngotracheal separation. We experienced three cases of SMA type I patients that had good outcomes after undergoing laryngotracheal separation. The patients' ages at onset were 14 days, two months and one and a half months. Laryngotracheal separation was performed at five months, seven months, and 15 years and five months respectively, and the times from diagnosis to surgery were a month, three months and 15 years. The aspiration pneumonia disappeared in all three cases. This study suggests that laryngotracheal separation is an effective surgery to prevent aspiration in SMA type I cases, and also contributes to the improved quality of life of patients and their families.
PMID: 26502653 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptor (RLR)-mediated antiviral innate immune responses in the lower respiratory tract: Roles of TRAF3 and TRAF5.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Nov 13;467(2):191-6
Authors: Chiba Y, Matsumiya T, Satoh T, Hayakari R, Furudate K, Xing F, Yoshida H, Tanji K, Mizukami H, Imaizumi T, Ito E
Abstract
Upon viral infection, the cytoplasmic viral sensor retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) recognizes viral RNA to activate antiviral signaling to induce type I interferon (IFN). RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) activate antiviral signaling in a tissue-specific manner. The molecular mechanism underlying antiviral signaling in the respiratory system remains unclear. We studied antiviral signaling in the lower respiratory tract (LRT), which is the site of many harmful viral infections. Epithelial cells of the LRT can be roughly divided into two groups: bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) and pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). These two cell types exhibit different phenotypes; therefore, we hypothesized that these cells may play different roles in antiviral innate immunity. We found that BECs exhibited higher antiviral activity than AECs. TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) has been shown to be a crucial molecule in RLR signaling. The expression levels of TRAF3 and TRAF5, which have conserved domains that are nearly identical, in the LRT were examined. We found that the bronchus exhibited the highest expression levels of TRAF3 and TRAF5 in the LRT. These findings suggest the importance of the bronchus in antiviral innate immunity in the LRT and indicate that TRAF3 and TRAF5 may contribute to RLR signaling.
PMID: 26454171 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Efficiency and safety of subconjunctival injection of anti-VEGF agent - bevacizumab - in treating dry eye.
Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015;9:3043-50
Authors: Jiang X, Lv H, Qiu W, Liu Z, Li X, Wang W
Abstract
PURPOSE: Dry eye is a chronic inflammatory ocular surface disease with high prevalence. The current therapies for dry eye remain to be unspecific and notcomprehensive. This study aims to explore safety and efficacy of a novel treatment - subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab - in dry eye patients.
METHODS: Sixty-four eyes of 32 dry eye patients received subconjunctival injection of 100 μL 25 mg/mL bevacizumab. Dry eye symptoms, signs (corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, conjunctival vascularity, corneal staining, tear break-up time, Marx line score, and blood pressure), and conjunctival impression cytology were evaluated 3 days before and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after injection.
RESULTS: Significant improvements were observed in dry eye symptoms, tear break-up time, and conjunctival vascularization area at all the visits after injection compared to the baseline (P<0.05). The density of the goblet cell increased significantly at 1 month and 3 months after injection (P<0.05). There was no visual and systemic threat observed in any patient.
CONCLUSION: Subconjunctival injection of 100 μL 25 mg/mL bevacizumab is a safe and efficient treatment for ocular surface inflammation of dry eye disease.
PMID: 26109847 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| | Related Articles |
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide promotes intestinal barrier homeostasis and protection against colitis in mice.
PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0125225
Authors: Wu X, Conlin VS, Morampudi V, Ryz NR, Nasser Y, Bhinder G, Bergstrom KS, Yu HB, Waterhouse CC, Buchan AM, Popescu OE, Gibson WT, Waschek JA, Vallance BA, Jacobson K
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder associated with changes in neuropeptide expression and function, including vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). VIP regulates intestinal vasomotor and secretomotor function and motility; however, VIP's role in development and maintenance of colonic epithelial barrier homeostasis is unclear. Using VIP deficient (VIPKO) mice, we investigated VIP's role in epithelial barrier homeostasis, and susceptibility to colitis. Colonic crypt morphology and epithelial barrier homeostasis were assessed in wildtype (WT) and VIPKO mice, at baseline. Colitic responses were evaluated following dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) or dextran-sodium sulfate (DSS) exposure. Mice were also treated with exogenous VIP. At baseline, VIPKO mice exhibited distorted colonic crypts, defects in epithelial cell proliferation and migration, increased apoptosis, and altered permeability. VIPKO mice also displayed reduced goblet cell numbers, and reduced expression of secreted goblet cell factors mucin 2 and trefoil factor 3. These changes were associated with reduced expression of caudal type homeobox 2 (Cdx2), a master regulator of intestinal function and homeostasis. DNBS and DSS-induced colitis were more severe in VIPKO than WT mice. VIP treatment rescued the phenotype, protecting VIPKO mice against DSS colitis, with results comparable to WT mice. In conclusion, VIP plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of colonic epithelial barrier integrity under physiological conditions and promotes epithelial repair and homeostasis during colitis.
PMID: 25932952 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| | Related Articles |
3D simulation of an audible ultrasonic electrolarynx using difference waves.
PLoS One. 2014;9(11):e113339
Authors: Mills P, Zara J
Abstract
A total laryngectomy removes the vocal folds which are fundamental in forming voiced sounds that make speech possible. Although implanted prosthetics are commonly used in developed countries, simple handheld vibrating electrolarynxes are still common worldwide. These devices are easy to use but suffer from many drawbacks including dedication of a hand, mechanical sounding voice, and sound leakage. To address some of these drawbacks, we introduce a novel electrolarynx that uses vibro-acoustic interference of dual ultrasonic waves to generate an audible fundamental frequency. A 3D simulation of the principles of the device is presented in this paper.
PMID: 25401965 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
| | Related Articles |
Repeated inhalation of sevoflurane inhibits airway inflammation in an OVA-induced mouse model of allergic airway inflammation.
Respirology. 2015 Feb;20(2):258-63
Authors: Shen QY, Fang L, Wu HM, He F, Ding PS, Liu RY
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Repeated inhalation of sevoflurane (SVF) can benefit asthmatic patients by bronchodilation. However, the impact of repeated inhalation of SVF on allergic airway inflammation has not been clarified. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of repeated inhalation of SVF on airway inflammation in mice.
METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) and treated by inhalation with SVF or vehicle daily for seven consecutive days, immediately followed by OVA challenge. Airway inflammation was evaluated by counting the numbers of different types of inflammatory infiltrates in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), histology, cytokine measurements and mucus production in individual mice.
RESULTS: In comparison with the OVA group, repeated inhalation of SVF significantly reduced the numbers of total cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, macrophages and neutrophils (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01), and the levels of BALF tumour necrosis factor-α and lung high-mobility group box 1 (P < 0.01), accompanied by elevated levels of BALF interleukin-10 in allergic mice (P < 0.05). Repeat inhalation of SVF decreased the levels of serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and mitigated allergic airway epithelial goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus hypersecretion in allergic mice (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Repeated inhalation of SVF inhibits allergic airway inflammation by reducing inflammatory infiltrates, improving the imbalance of cytokine responses and mitigating allergen-specific IgE responses and goblet cell hyperplasia in mice.
PMID: 25399488 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Rehabilitation Nutrition for Possible Sarcopenic Dysphagia After Lung Cancer Surgery: A Case Report.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Jan 29;
Authors: Wakabayashi H, Uwano R
Abstract
Sarcopenic dysphagia is characterized by the loss of swallowing muscle mass and function associated with generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. In this report, the authors describe a patient with possible sarcopenic dysphagia after lung cancer surgery and was treated subsequently by rehabilitation nutrition. A 71-year-old man with lung cancer experienced complications of an acute myocardial infarction and pneumonia after surgery. He was ventilated artificially, and a tracheotomy was performed. The patient received diagnoses of malnutrition, severe sarcopenia, and possible sarcopenic dysphagia. His dysphagia was improved by a combination of dysphagia rehabilitation including physical and speech therapy and an improvement in nutrition initiated by a nutrition support team. Finally, he no longer had dysphagia and malnutrition. Sarcopenic dysphagia should be considered in patients with sarcopenia and dysphagia. Rehabilitation nutrition using a combination of both rehabilitation and nutritional care management is presumptively useful for treating sarcopenic dysphagia.
PMID: 26829095 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A thin line between Meniere's disease and spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome.
Med Glas (Zenica). 2016 Feb 1;13(1):31-5
Authors: Botica I, Vrca A, Špero M, Šubarić M, Carić T, Vrca Botica M, Kovačić J, Makaruha K, Roglić A
Abstract
Aim To point out the similarity of Meniere disease and spontaneous intracranial hypotension and difference of their treatment. Methods A case of a 54-year-old male patient with previously diagnosed Meniere's disease and newly diagnosed spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome is presented. Additional neuroradiological examination, Brain contrast-enhanced MRI and MR myelography were used for diagnosis. Results Due to deterioration of vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus in the right ear the patient was referred to the additional neuroradiological examination which confirmed the diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome. Brain contrast-enhanced MRI showed increased pachymeningeal contrast enhancement, and MR myelography identified the location of CSF leak. The patient was successfully treated conservatively. Conclusion According to our knowledge this is the fifth case report of Meniere's disease and spontaneous intracranial hypotension coexistence. Both diseases have similar clinical presentation and initial treatment. We suggest procedures of additional examination when the treatment fails and initial diagnosis becomes questionable.
PMID: 26827704 [PubMed - in process]
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Experiences with TachoSil® in microneurosurgery.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2015 Sep;157(8):1353-7; discussion 1357
Authors: Kivelev J, Göhre F, Niemelä M, Hernesniemi J
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We analyze our experience of using TachoSil® (Takeda Austria GmbH: Linz, Austria) in microneurosurgical procedures as a hemostat and also as a sealant to patch dural defects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Beginning on January 1, 2012, we prospectively analyzed 100 consecutive surgeries where TachoSil was used. The patient group included 58 women (58 %) and 42 men (42 %); the mean age was 52 years (range, 3-85 years). Indications for surgery included removal of the tumor (53 cases; 53 %), clipping of the cerebral arterial aneurysm (31 cases; 31 %), and treatment of other pathologies, including AVM (four cases; 4 %), cavernomas (four cases; 4 %), spinal tumor, and traumatic subdural hematoma. Patients received postoperative care according to local neurosurgical department protocol, including a postoperative CT scan after each craniotomy. Primary assessment of the wound took place during the hospital stay as well as at discharge or transfer to a rehabilitation unit. Mean follow-up time was 4 months (range, 1-12 months).
RESULTS: None of the patients developed postoperative hematoma after craniotomy or spinal procedure. At primary assessment during hospital stay, 93 patients (93 %) had had no wound-related problems over the normal course of healing. No case registered any liquor leak from the wound, and none of the patients showed any signs of allergic response related to TachoSil usage. At the last follow-up, 96 patients (96 %) experienced uneventful wound healing, and in four patients (4 %), superficial wound infection was successfully treated with oral antibiotics.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that TachoSil can serve in neurosurgical practice at no additional risks. TachoSil proved to be an effective hemostat, sealant, and adhesive in either cranial or spinal procedures.
PMID: 26136196 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Human olfactory stem cells for injured facial nerve reconstruction in a rat model.
Head Neck. 2016 Feb 1;
Authors: Batioglu-Karaaltin A, Karaaltin MV, Oztel ON, Ovali E, Sener BM, Adatepe T, Yigit O, Bozkurt E, Baydar SY, Bagirova M, Uzun N, Allahverdiyev A
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to show the efficacy of olfactory stem cells for injured facial nerve reconstruction in a rat model.
METHODS: Olfactory stem cells were isolated from the olfactory mucosa of human participants. A 2-mm excision was performed on the right facial nerve of all rats. Reconstruction was performed with a conduit in group 1 (n = 9); a conduit and phosphate-buffered saline in group 2 (n = 9); and a conduit and labeled olfactory stem cell in group 3 (n = 9). Rats were followed for whisker movements and electroneuronography (ENoG) analyses.
RESULTS: The whisker-movement scores for group 3 were significantly different from other groups (p < .001). ENoG showed that the amplitude values for group 3 were significantly different from group 1 and group 2 (p = .030; p < .001). Group 3 showed marked olfactory stem cell under a fluorescence microscope.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that olfactory stem cells may be used as a potent cellular therapy for accelerating the regeneration of peripheral nerve injuries. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016.
PMID: 26829770 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Intermittent intraoperative nerve monitoring in thyroid reoperations: Preliminary results of a randomized, single-surgeon study.
Head Neck. 2016 Feb 1;
Authors: Hei H, Zhou B, Qin J, Song Y
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether intermittent intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) could reduce the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis in thyroid reoperations.
METHODS: Enrolled patients were randomly assigned into the nerve integrity monitor (NIM) group and the control group.
RESULTS: The incidence of temporary RLN paralysis and permanent RLN paralysis was 12.2% and 4.9% in the NIM group compared with 7.0% and 2.3% in the control group (p = .658 and p = .966, respectively). The incidence of surgeon-related paralysis, tumor-related paralysis, and scar-related paralysis was 4.9%, 7.3%, and 4.9% in the NIM group compared with 4.7%, 2.3%, and 2.3% in the control group, respectively (p = 1, p = .575, and p = .966, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Intermittent IONM could not provide additional benefits to reduce the incidence of temporary RLN paralysis and permanent RLN paralysis in thyroid reoperations. It could not reduce the incidence of paralysis caused by unintentional injuries. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016.
PMID: 26829763 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Adherence to guideline-recommended process measures for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in Ontario: Impact of surgeon and hospital volume.
Head Neck. 2016 Feb 1;
Authors: Eskander A, Monteiro E, Irish J, Gullane P, Gilbert R, de Almeida J, Brown D, Freeman J, Urbach DR, Goldstein DP
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to measure adherence rates to guideline-recommended process measures in patients with head and neck cancer.
METHODS: A total of 5720 patients who underwent surgery for head and neck cancer in Ontario between 1993 and 2010 were identified from administrative databases. Adherence to 4 guideline-recommended processes of care was measured and stratified by hospital and physician case volume.
RESULTS: Seventy-two percent of patients received preoperative head and neck imaging, 83% received preoperative chest imaging, 58% received preoperative multidisciplinary consultation, and 77% had appropriate follow-up visits. Higher surgeon and hospital surgical volumes were associated with higher adherence rates.
CONCLUSION: Adherence rates to guideline-recommended processes of care in the surgical management of patients with head and neck cancer in Ontario were moderate and should be improved. Although adherence rates seem proportional to surgical volume, even the highest volume centers have room to improve. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016.
PMID: 26829662 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
A thin line between Meniere's disease and spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome.
Med Glas (Zenica). 2016 Feb 1;13(1):31-5
Authors: Botica I, Vrca A, Špero M, Šubarić M, Carić T, Vrca Botica M, Kovačić J, Makaruha K, Roglić A
Abstract
Aim To point out the similarity of Meniere disease and spontaneous intracranial hypotension and difference of their treatment. Methods A case of a 54-year-old male patient with previously diagnosed Meniere's disease and newly diagnosed spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome is presented. Additional neuroradiological examination, Brain contrast-enhanced MRI and MR myelography were used for diagnosis. Results Due to deterioration of vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus in the right ear the patient was referred to the additional neuroradiological examination which confirmed the diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome. Brain contrast-enhanced MRI showed increased pachymeningeal contrast enhancement, and MR myelography identified the location of CSF leak. The patient was successfully treated conservatively. Conclusion According to our knowledge this is the fifth case report of Meniere's disease and spontaneous intracranial hypotension coexistence. Both diseases have similar clinical presentation and initial treatment. We suggest procedures of additional examination when the treatment fails and initial diagnosis becomes questionable.
PMID: 26827704 [PubMed - in process]
Epidemiology of Dizziness and Balance Problems in Children in the United States: A Population-Based Study.
J Pediatr. 2016 Jan 23;
Authors: Li CM, Hoffman HJ, Ward BK, Cohen HS, Rine RM
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study national prevalence of dizziness and balance problems in US children and explore associated risk factors and patterns of healthcare utilization.
STUDY DESIGN: A multistage, nationally representative, probability sample of children (n = 10 954; aged 3-17 years) was examined based on the 2012 National Health Interview Survey Child Balance Supplement. Parents were asked if during the past year their child was bothered by symptoms of dizziness and balance problems: vertigo (motion sensation), light-headedness/fainting, clumsiness/poor coordination, poor balance/unsteadiness when standing-up or walking, frequent falls, or other dizziness and balance problems. Logistic regression was used to examine associations with sociodemographic information, birth weight, developmental delays, and significant health conditions.
RESULTS: Prevalence of dizziness and balance problems was 5.3% (3.3 million US children); females, 5.7%, males, 5.0%. Non-Hispanic white (6.1%) had increased prevalence compared with Hispanic (4.6%) and non-Hispanic black (4.3%) children, P = .01. Prevalence increased with age, from 4.1% for children aged 3-5 years to 7.5% for children aged 15-17 years, P < .001. Even though the majority had symptoms rated as "no problem" or "a small problem," 18.6% (600 000 US children) had symptoms rated as "moderate," "big," or "very big" problems. Overall, 36.0% of children with dizziness and balance problems were seen by healthcare professionals during the past year and 29.9% received treatment. Among children with dizziness and balance problems rated as moderate/big/very big problems, 71.6% had seen healthcare professionals and 62.4% received treatment for dizziness and balance problems.
CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors identified provide useful epidemiologic information about dizziness and balance problems in children and will be used in tracking the Healthy People 2020 goal to increase utilization of healthcare services for these children.
PMID: 26826885 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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MTO1 mediates tissue specificity of OXPHOS defects via tRNA modification and translation optimization, which can be bypassed by dietary intervention.
Hum Mol Genet. 2015 Apr 15;24(8):2247-66
Authors: Tischner C, Hofer A, Wulff V, Stepek J, Dumitru I, Becker L, Haack T, Kremer L, Datta AN, Sperl W, Floss T, Wurst W, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers Z, De Angelis MH, Klopstock T, Prokisch H, Wenz T
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases often exhibit tissue-specific pathologies, but this phenomenon is poorly understood. Here we present regulation of mitochondrial translation by the Mitochondrial Translation Optimization Factor 1, MTO1, as a novel player in this scenario. We demonstrate that MTO1 mediates tRNA modification and controls mitochondrial translation rate in a highly tissue-specific manner associated with tissue-specific OXPHOS defects. Activation of mitochondrial proteases, aberrant translation products, as well as defects in OXPHOS complex assembly observed in MTO1 deficient mice further imply that MTO1 impacts translation fidelity. In our mouse model, MTO1-related OXPHOS deficiency can be bypassed by feeding a ketogenic diet. This therapeutic intervention is independent of the MTO1-mediated tRNA modification and involves balancing of mitochondrial and cellular secondary stress responses. Our results thereby establish mammalian MTO1 as a novel factor in the tissue-specific regulation of OXPHOS and fine tuning of mitochondrial translation accuracy.
PMID: 25552653 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
