Smart Phone Based Audiometry in City Traffic Police

Abstract

Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is defined as "reduction in auditory acuity associated with noise exposure". Traffic police is a bundle of people who are the usual sufferer of this type of increased hearing threshold. In developing countries like India, many of them are unable to access audiology services, because of shortage of trained professionals and limited sources. Smartphone based audiometry is easy and can detect hearing loss as early as possible. To study hearing threshold in traffic police. Total 88 persons were included in the study. An occupational history was taken regarding duration of posting followed by smart phone based audiometry (Hearing Test TM software) test. Out of total 88 persons, 80 were having increased hearing thresholds which were suggestive of noise induced hearing loss. Out of total 88 persons 8 were in normal group, 24 were in mild hearing loss group, 42 were in moderate hearing loss group and 14 were in severe hearing loss group. Total number of person with notch at 4000/6000 Hz was 28, suggestive of particular pattern of noise induced hearing loss. During the last decade, mobile phones have evolved like anything. Furthermore, the utilization of health-related applications has gained increased focus. Health-related applications are useful, less time consuming and with increased efficiency by early diagnoses. There are many of smart-phone hearing applications that are already in use. They use similar principle as audiometer. This kind of application will narrow down the supply and demand ratio of audiology service in developing countries.

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Masses of the Paranasal Sinuses After Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Report

Abstract

The development of a new mass in the field of irradiation of a previously treated Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is generally considered a sign of recurrence. We report a case of a 46-year-old male, with a past history of undifferentiated NPC, with an expansive lesion discovered during radiological follow-up that occupied nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The endoscopic sinuses surgery was necessary in order to analyze and remove the mass with intraoperative frozen sections to highlight mucosa free from disease. The presence of non-malignant masses in the paranasal sinuses are rare complications after radiotherapy at the skull base, but represent an eventuality that must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a suspected recurrence or with a secondary malignancies after radiation therapy. It is therefore required a final diagnosis based on biopsy, follow-up and an eventual endoscopic surgical treatment.

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Vertigo: Incidences, Diagnosis and Its Relations with Hearing Loss

Abstract

Vertigo is one of the most common complaints in our regular practice. Vertigo is of peripheral or central cause. The association of vertigo with or without hearing loss helps to narrow the differential diagnosis. The aim of the study is to evaluate the various causes of vertigo based on the vertigo attacks and hearing loss.

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Smart Phone Based Audiometry in City Traffic Police

Abstract

Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) is defined as "reduction in auditory acuity associated with noise exposure". Traffic police is a bundle of people who are the usual sufferer of this type of increased hearing threshold. In developing countries like India, many of them are unable to access audiology services, because of shortage of trained professionals and limited sources. Smartphone based audiometry is easy and can detect hearing loss as early as possible. To study hearing threshold in traffic police. Total 88 persons were included in the study. An occupational history was taken regarding duration of posting followed by smart phone based audiometry (Hearing Test TM software) test. Out of total 88 persons, 80 were having increased hearing thresholds which were suggestive of noise induced hearing loss. Out of total 88 persons 8 were in normal group, 24 were in mild hearing loss group, 42 were in moderate hearing loss group and 14 were in severe hearing loss group. Total number of person with notch at 4000/6000 Hz was 28, suggestive of particular pattern of noise induced hearing loss. During the last decade, mobile phones have evolved like anything. Furthermore, the utilization of health-related applications has gained increased focus. Health-related applications are useful, less time consuming and with increased efficiency by early diagnoses. There are many of smart-phone hearing applications that are already in use. They use similar principle as audiometer. This kind of application will narrow down the supply and demand ratio of audiology service in developing countries.

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Masses of the Paranasal Sinuses After Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Report

Abstract

The development of a new mass in the field of irradiation of a previously treated Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is generally considered a sign of recurrence. We report a case of a 46-year-old male, with a past history of undifferentiated NPC, with an expansive lesion discovered during radiological follow-up that occupied nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The endoscopic sinuses surgery was necessary in order to analyze and remove the mass with intraoperative frozen sections to highlight mucosa free from disease. The presence of non-malignant masses in the paranasal sinuses are rare complications after radiotherapy at the skull base, but represent an eventuality that must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a suspected recurrence or with a secondary malignancies after radiation therapy. It is therefore required a final diagnosis based on biopsy, follow-up and an eventual endoscopic surgical treatment.

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Vertigo: Incidences, Diagnosis and Its Relations with Hearing Loss

Abstract

Vertigo is one of the most common complaints in our regular practice. Vertigo is of peripheral or central cause. The association of vertigo with or without hearing loss helps to narrow the differential diagnosis. The aim of the study is to evaluate the various causes of vertigo based on the vertigo attacks and hearing loss.

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A Direct Comparison between Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine for Augmenting Spinal Cord Perfusion in a Porcine Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.


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Association between serum uric acid level and multiple system atrophy: A meta-analysis

Publication date: June 2018
Source:Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, Volume 169
Author(s): Xi Zhang, De-Shan Liu, Chun-Yao An, Yu-Zhao Liu, Xiao-Hong Liu, Fang Zhang, Lu-Ning Ning, Chang-Ling Li, Chun-Mei Ma, Rui-Ting Hu
ObjectivesLower serum uric acid (UA) levels are considered to be related to the risk to develop many neurodegenerative disorders. However, the association between serum UA level and multiple system atrophy (MSA) remains controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between serum UA level and MSA.Patients and methodsPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for eligible studies. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated in a fixed-effects model or a random-effects model when appropriate. Subgroup analyses were carried out based on gender. A total of 6 eligible studies involving 547 MSA patients and 637 healthy individuals were identified.ResultsMeta-analysis results revealed that individuals with MSA had lower sera levels of UA as compared with healthy controls (pooled SMD is −0.51, 95%CI: −0.88 to −0.14; p = 0.006). The subgroup analysis to detect sex differences showed that the pooled SMD was −0.61 (95% CI: −0.82 to −0.40; p < 0.0001) for males and −0.22 (95% CI: −0.55 to 0.10; p = 0.18) for females compared with healthy controls.ConclusionOur meta-analysis revealed that lower serum level of UA is associated with an increased risk of MSA and the relationship is significant in men but not in women.



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Conventional digital subtractional vs non-invasive MR angiography in the assessment of brain arteriovenous malformation

Publication date: June 2018
Source:Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, Volume 169
Author(s): Nguyen Ngoc Cuong, Vu Dang Luu, Tran Anh Tuan, Le Tuan Linh, Kieu Dinh Hung, Vo Truong Nhu Ngoc, Kulbhushan Sharma, Van Huy Pham, Dinh-Toi Chu
ObjectivesDigital subtractional angiography (DSA) is the standard method for diagnosis, assessment and management of arteriovenous malformation in the brain. Conventional DSA (cDSA) is an invasive imaging modality that is often indicated before interventional treatments (embolization, open surgery, gamma knife). Here, we aimed to compare this technique with a non-invasive MR angiography (MRI DSA) for brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM).Patients and MethodsFourteen patients with ruptured brain AVM underwent embolization treatment pre-operation. Imaging was performed for all patients using MRI (1.5 T). After injecting contrast Gadolinium, dynamic MRI was performed with 40 phases, each phase of a duration of 1.2 s and having 70 images. The MRI results were independently assessed by experienced radiologist blinded to the cDSA.ResultsThe AVM nidus was depicted in all patients using cDSA and MRI DSA; there was an excellent correlation between these techniques in terms of the maximum diameter and Spetzler Martin grading. Of the fourteen patients, the drainage vein was depicted in 13 by both cDSA and MRI DSA showing excellent correlation between the techniques used.ConclusionMRI DSA is a non-invasive imaging modality that can give the images in dynamic view. It can be considered as an adjunctive method with cDSA to plan the strategy treatment for bAVM.



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Association Between Dose and Duration of Cisplatin Exposure with Cytotoxicity Effect on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Stem Cell

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is ranked 6th of malignant tumors in Indonesia. To analyze the correlation of dose and duration of cisplatin exposure with cytotoxic effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells. The biopsy NPC tissue was cultured and processed to obtain NPC stem cells to be treated with cisplatin different doses and durations (24 and 48 h). The number of dead cells after exposure will be calculated using a hemocytometer. Death stem cell density of NPC at exposure of 2 μg/ml cisplatin dose was 81.37%, while the smallest death cell density a dose of 0.05 μg/ml after a 72-h observation was 21.3%. The coefficient correlation 0.827 and value p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). The analysis of the correlation between cisplatin exposure duration and death cell was also significant with the correlation coefficient − 0.357 and the value p = 0.001 (p < 0.05). There was a correlation between the increased dose of cisplatin with the cytotoxicity effects on NPC stem cell.

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A Direct Comparison between Norepinephrine and Phenylephrine for Augmenting Spinal Cord Perfusion in a Porcine Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Journal of Neurotrauma, Ahead of Print.


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Biguanides Metformin and Phenformin Generate Therapeutic Effects via AMP-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular-Regulated Kinase Pathways in an In Vitro Model of Graves' Orbitopathy

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


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Concurrent Milk Ingestion Decreases Absorption of Levothyroxine

Thyroid, Ahead of Print.


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Association Between Dose and Duration of Cisplatin Exposure with Cytotoxicity Effect on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Stem Cell

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is ranked 6th of malignant tumors in Indonesia. To analyze the correlation of dose and duration of cisplatin exposure with cytotoxic effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells. The biopsy NPC tissue was cultured and processed to obtain NPC stem cells to be treated with cisplatin different doses and durations (24 and 48 h). The number of dead cells after exposure will be calculated using a hemocytometer. Death stem cell density of NPC at exposure of 2 μg/ml cisplatin dose was 81.37%, while the smallest death cell density a dose of 0.05 μg/ml after a 72-h observation was 21.3%. The coefficient correlation 0.827 and value p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). The analysis of the correlation between cisplatin exposure duration and death cell was also significant with the correlation coefficient − 0.357 and the value p = 0.001 (p < 0.05). There was a correlation between the increased dose of cisplatin with the cytotoxicity effects on NPC stem cell.

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Global distribution and evolvement of urbanization and PM2.5 (1998–2015)

Publication date: June 2018
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 182
Author(s): Dongyang Yang, Chao Ye, Xiaomin Wang, Debin Lu, Jianhua Xu, Haiqing Yang
PM2.5 concentrations increased and have been one of the major social issues along with rapid urbanization in many regions of the world in recent decades. The development of urbanization differed among regions, PM2.5 pollution also presented discrepant distribution across the world. Thus, this paper aimed to grasp the profile of global distribution of urbanization and PM2.5 and their evolutionary relationships. Based on global data for the proportion of the urban population and PM2.5 concentrations in 1998–2015, this paper investigated the spatial distribution, temporal variation, and evolutionary relationships of global urbanization and PM2.5. The results showed PM2.5 presented an increasing trend along with urbanization during the study period, but there was a variety of evolutionary relationships in different countries and regions. Most countries in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, and some African countries developed with the rapid increase in both urbanization and PM2.5. Under the impact of other socioeconomic factors, such as industry and economic growth, the development of urbanization increased PM2.5 concentrations in most Asian countries and some African countries, but decreased PM2.5 concentrations in most European and American countries. The findings of this study revealed the spatial distributions of global urbanization and PM2.5 pollution and provided an interpretation on the evolution of urbanization-PM2.5 relationships, which can contribute to urbanization policies making aimed at successful PM2.5 pollution control and abatement.



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De-escalating treatment in the adjuvant setting in HER2-positive breast cancer

Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.


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The merit of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the adjuvant setting of high-risk renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.


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De-escalating treatment in the adjuvant setting in HER2-positive breast cancer

Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.


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The merit of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the adjuvant setting of high-risk renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.


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Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Promotes Urothelial Tumorigenesis and Cancer Progression via Cooperation with Androgen Receptor Signaling

We investigated the role of NF-B in the development and progression of urothelial cancer as well as cross-talk between NF-B and androgen receptor (AR) signals in urothelial cells. Immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens showed that the expression levels of NF-B/p65 (P=0.015)/phospho-NF-B/p65 (P<0.001) were significantly elevated in bladder tumors, compared with those in non-neoplastic urothelial tissues. The rates of phospho-NF-B/p65 positivity were also significantly higher in high-grade (P=0.015)/muscle-invasive (P=0.033) tumors than in lower grade/non-muscle-invasive tumors. Additionally, patients with phospho-NF-B/p65-positive muscle-invasive bladder cancer had significantly higher risks of disease progression (P<0.001) and cancer-specific mortality (P=0.002). In immortalized human normal urothelial SVHUC cells stably expressing AR, NF-B activators and inhibitors accelerated and prevented, respectively, their neoplastic transformation induced by a chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene. Bladder tumors were identified in 56% (mock), 89% (betulinic acid), and 22% (parthenolide) of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine-treated male C57BL/6 mice at 22 weeks of age. NF-B activators and inhibitors also significantly induced and reduced, respectively, cell proliferation/migration/invasion of AR-positive bladder cancer lines, but not AR-knockdown or AR-negative lines, and their growth in xenograft-bearing mice. In both non-neoplastic and neoplastic urothelial cells, NF-B activators/inhibitors up/down-regulated, respectively, AR expression, whereas AR overexpression was associated with increases in the expression levels of NF-B/p65 and phospho-NF-B/p65. Thus, NF-B appeared to be activated in bladder cancer, which was associated with tumor progression. NF-B activators/inhibitors were also found to modulate tumorigenesis and tumor outgrowth in AR-activated urothelial cells. Accordingly, NF-B inhibition, together with AR inactivation, has the potential of being an effective chemopreventive and/or therapeutic approach for urothelial carcinoma.

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Gallium Maltolate Disrupts Tumor Iron Metabolism and Retards the Growth of Glioblastoma by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Function and Ribonucleotide Reductase

Gallium, a metal with antineoplastic activity, binds transferrin (Tf) and enters tumor cells via Tf receptor1 (TfR1); it disrupts iron homeostasis leading to cell death. We hypothesized that TfR1 on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) would facilitate Tf-Ga transport into the brain enabling it to target TfR-bearing glioblastoma. We show that U-87 MG and D54 glioblastoma cell lines and multiple glioblastoma stem cell (GSCs) lines express TfRs and that their growth is inhibited by gallium maltolate (GaM) in vitro. After 24-h of incubation with GaM, cells displayed a loss of mitochondrial reserve capacity followed by a dose-dependent decrease in oxygen consumption and a decrease in the activity of the iron-dependent M2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM2). Immunohistochemical staining of rat and human tumor-bearing brains showed that glioblastoma, but not normal glial cells, expressed TfR1 and RRM2 and that glioblastoma expressed greater levels of H- and L-ferritin than normal brain. In an orthotopic U-87 MG glioblastoma xenograft rat model, GaM retarded the growth of brain tumors relative to untreated control (p=0.0159) and reduced tumor mitotic figures (p=0.045). Tumors in GaM-treated animals displayed an upregulation of TfR1 expression relative to control animals thus indicating that gallium produced tumor iron deprivation. GaM also inhibited iron uptake and upregulated TfR1 expression in U-87 MG and D54 cells in vitro. We conclude that GaM enters the brain via TfR1 on BMECs and targets iron metabolism in glioblastoma in vivo, thus inhibiting tumor growth. Further development of novel gallium compounds for brain tumor treatment is warranted.

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Itraconazole-induced inhibition on human esophageal cancer cell growth requires AMPK activation

We here evaluated the anti-esophageal cancer cell activity by the antifungal drug itraconazole. Our results show that μg/mL concentrations of itraconazole potently inhibited survival and proliferation of established (TE-1 and Eca-109) and primary human esophageal cancer cells. Itraconazole activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, which was required for subsequent esophageal cancer cell death. Pharmacological AMPK inhibition, AMPKα1 shRNA or dominant negative mutation (T172A) almost completely abolished itraconazole-induced cytotoxicity against esophageal cancer cells. Significantly, itraconazole induced AMPK-dependent autophagic cell death (but not apoptosis) in esophageal cancer cells. Further, AMPK activation by itraconazole induced multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs: EGFR, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ) lysosomal translocation and degradation to inhibit downstream Akt activation. In vivo, itraconazole oral gavage potently inhibited Eca-109 tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. It was yet ineffective against AMPKα1 shRNA-expressing Eca-109 tumors. The in vivo growth of the primary human esophageal cancer cells was also significantly inhibited by itraconazole administration. AMPK activation, RTKs degradation and Akt inhibition were observed in itraconazole-treated tumors. Together, itraconazole inhibits esophageal cancer cell growth via activating AMPK signaling.

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Analysis of HSP27 and the autophagy marker LC3B+ puncta following preoperative chemotherapy identifies high-risk osteosarcoma patients

Chemotherapy-induced autophagy is a proposed mechanism of chemoresistance and potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma. We evaluated heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and autophagy-related proteins as predictors of pathologic treatment response and prognostic markers among osteosarcoma patients who received standard chemotherapy. We analyzed 394 tumor specimens (pre-treatment, post-treatment, and metastases) from 260 osteosarcoma patients by immunohistochemistry for cytoplasmic light chain 3B (LC3B)-positive puncta, sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and HSP27 expression. The staining percentage and intensity for each marker were scored and the extent to which marker expression was correlated with pathologic response, relapse-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) was assessed. LCB3+ puncta in post-treatment primary tumors (50%) and metastases (67%) was significantly higher than in pre-treatment biopsy specimens (30%; p=0.023 and <0.001). Among 215 patients with localized osteosarcoma, both pre-treatment (multivariate hazard ratio [HR]=26.7 [95% confidence interval=1.47-484], p=0.026) and post-treatment HSP27 expression (multivariate HR=1.85 [1.03-3.33], p=0.039) were associated with worse OS. Lack of LC3B+ puncta at resection was an independent poor prognostic marker in both univariate (HR=1.78 [1.05-3.03], p=0.034) and multivariate models (HR=1.75 [1.01-3.04], p=0.045). Patients with LC3B+/HSP27- tumors at resection had the best 10-year OS (75%) whereas patients with LC3B-/HSP27+ tumors had the worst 10-year survival (25%). Neither HSP27 expression nor the presence of LCB3+ puncta was correlated with pathologic treatment response. Our findings establish HSP27 expression and LC3B+ puncta as independent prognostic markers in osteosarcoma patients receiving standard chemotherapy and support further investigation into strategies targeting HSP27 or modulating autophagy in osteosarcoma treatment.

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Nano-engineered mesenchymal stem cells increase therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drug through true active tumor targeting

Tumor-targeted drug delivery has the potential to improve therapeutic efficacy and mitigate non-specific toxicity of anticancer drugs. However, current drug delivery approaches rely on inefficient passive accumulation of the drug carrier in the tumor. We have developed a unique, truly active tumor targeting strategy that relies on engineering mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with drug-loaded nanoparticles. Our studies using the A549 orthotopic lung tumor model show that nano-engineered MSCs carrying the anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) home to tumors and create cellular drug depots that release the drug payload over several days. Despite significantly lower doses of PTX, nano-engineered MSCs resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth and superior survival. Anticancer efficacy of nano-engineered MSCs was confirmed in immunocompetent C57BL/6 albino female mice bearing orthotopic Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LL/2-luc) tumors. Further, at doses that resulted in equivalent therapeutic efficacy, nano-engineered MSCs had no effect on white blood cell count whereas PTX solution and PTX nanoparticle treatments caused leukopenia. Biodistribution studies showed that nano-engineered MSCs resulted in greater than 9-fold higher AUClung of PTX (1.5 µg.day/g) than PTX solution and nanoparticles (0.2 and 0.1 µg.day/g tissue, respectively) in the target lung tumors. Furthermore, the lung-to-liver and the lung-to-spleen ratios of PTX were several folds higher for nano-engineered MSCs relative to those for PTX solution and nanoparticle groups, suggesting that nano-engineered MSCs demonstrate significantly less off-target deposition. In summary, our results demonstrate that nano-engineered MSCs can serve as an efficient carrier for tumor specific drug delivery and significantly improved anti-cancer efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.

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ABT-165, a Dual Variable Domain Immunoglobulin (DVD-Ig) Targeting DLL4 and VEGF, Demonstrates Superior Efficacy and Favorable Safety Profiles in Preclinical Models

Anti-angiogenic therapy is a clinically validated modality in cancer treatment. To date, all approved anti-angiogenic drugs primarily inhibit the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) has been identified as a potential drug target in VEGF-independent angiogenesis and tumor initiating cell (TIC) survival. A dual-specific biologic targeting both VEGF and DLL4 could be an attractive strategy to improve the effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy. ABT-165 was uniquely engineered using a proprietary dual-variable domain immunoglobulin (DVD-Ig) technology based on its ability to bind and inhibit both DLL4 and VEGF. In vivo, ABT-165 induced significant tumor growth inhibition compared to either parental antibody treatment alone, due in part to the disruption of functional tumor vasculature. In combination with chemotherapy agents, ABT-165 also induced greater anti-tumor response and outperformed anti-VEGF treatment. ABT-165 displayed non-linear pharmacokinetic profiles in cynomolgus monkeys, with an apparent terminal half-life > 5 days at a target saturation dose. In a GLP monkey toxicity study, ABT-165 was well-tolerated at doses up to 200 mg/kg with non-adverse treatment-related histopathology findings limited to the liver and thymus. In summary, ABT-165 represents a novel anti-angiogenic strategy that potently inhibits both DLL4 and VEGF, demonstrating favorable in vivo efficacy, pharmacokinetic and safety profiles in pre-clinical models. Given these preclinical attributes, ABT-165 has progressed to a Phase 1 study.

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Trastuzumab resistant HER2+ breast cancer cells retain sensitivity to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition.

HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab, have increased the survival rates of HER2+ breast cancer patients. However, despite these therapies, many tumors eventually develop resistance to these therapies. Our lab previously reported an unexpected sensitivity of HER2+ breast cancer cells to poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi), agents that target homologous recombination (HR) deficient tumors, independent of a DNA repair deficiency. In this study, we investigated whether HER2+ trastuzumab resistant (TR) breast cancer cells were susceptible to PARPi and the mechanism behind PARPi induced cytotoxicity. We demonstrate that the PARPi ABT-888 (veliparib) decreased cell survival in-vitro and tumor growth in vivo of HER2+ trastuzumab resistant breast cancer cells. PARP-1 siRNA confirmed that cytotoxicity was due, in part, to PARP-1 inhibition. Furthermore, PARP-1 silencing had variable effects on the expression of several NF-B-regulated genes. In particular, silencing PARP-1 inhibited NF-B activity and reduced p65 binding at the IL-8 promoter, which resulted in a decrease in IL-8 mRNA and protein expression. Our results provide insight in the potential mechanism by which PARPi induces cytotoxicity in HER2+ breast cancer cells and support the testing of PARPi in patients with HER2+ breast cancer resistant to trastuzumab.

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5-Fluorouracil enhances Protoporphyrin IX accumulation and lesion clearance during photodynamic therapy of actinic keratoses: A mechanism-based clinical trial

PURPOSE: Actinic keratoses (AK) are precancerous lesions that can progress to squamous cell carcinoma. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and topical 5-fluorouracil (5FU) are commonly used for AK. Empirical reports suggest that combining them can improve the therapeutic response. However, the optimal combined regimen was not clear in terms of proper sequence, timing, and mechanism. This clinical study explored mechanisms of action for neoadjuvantal 5FU and PDT for treatment of AK. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A bilaterally controlled trial (17 patients) was performed. One side of the body (face, scalp, forearms) received 5FU pretreatment for 6 days; the other side served as no-pretreatment control. Methylaminolevulinate cream was applied to both sides for 3 h, and PpIX levels measured by noninvasive fluorimetry and skin biopsy. After red light illumination, lesion clearance was assessed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-PDT. RESULTS: PpIX levels were increased 2- to 3-fold in 5FU-pretreated lesions versus controls. Altered expression of heme-synthetic enzymes (CPO and ferrochelatase) and induction of p53 were observed, probably accounting for increased PpIX and subsequent cancer cell death. Relative clearance rates (CR) after PDT with or without 5FU pretreatment were 75% vs. 45% at 3 months, and 67% vs. 39% at 6 months, respectively; these differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Serial 5FU and PDT improves AK clearance by at least two mechanisms, enhanced photosensitizer accumulation and p53 induction. Because 5FU and PDT are FDA-approved modalities, the combined regimen can be readily employed in clinical practice to reduce AK burden and reduce SCC risk. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01525329.

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Clinical safety of 3-T brain magnetic resonance imaging in newborns

Abstract

Background

The effects and potential hazards of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 T in newborns are debated.

Objective

Assess the impact of 3-T MRI in newborns on body temperature and physiological parameters.

Material and methods

Forty-nine newborns, born preterm and at term, underwent 3-T brain MRI at term-corrected age. Rectal and skin temperature, oxygen saturation and heart rate were recorded before, during and after the scan.

Results

A statistically significant increase in skin temperature of 0.6 °C was observed at the end of the MRI scan (P<0.01). There was no significant changes in rectal temperature, heart rate or oxygen saturation.

Conclusion

Core temperature, heart rate and oxygen saturation in newborns were not affected by 3-T brain MR scanning.

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Refined Approach to Preservation of the Inferior Alveolar Nerve during Resection and Primary Reconstruction of the Mandible

Cranial Maxillofac Trauma Reconstruction
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1639348

Sacrifice of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) during resection of the mandible is taken as a rule. In 1987, Jensen and Nock described a technique that permitted placement of dental implants in the atrophied mandibular alveolar ridge that lacked sufficient vertical height superior to the mandibular canal. This technique was used by some authors to preserve continuity of the IAN during resection of the mandible in patients with benign tumors. The described techniques are traumatic, time-consuming, and not precise. We propose a new refined technique of preservation of IAN with use of a guide to approach mandibular canal, cutting guides with a slot for a relocated IAN, and a new approach to positioning of the fixating screws. We assessed the effectiveness of this new technique with use of an electro-odontometer. In 21 cases, we demonstrated a refined approach to preservation of the IAN. In 7 patients (33%), the IAN was preserved on one side and in 14 patients (67%), on both sides. Sensation in the lower lip was restored in 18 patients (86%). These patients generally recovered sensation within 22 days postoperatively. This proposed technique makes preservation of IAN easier, faster, less traumatic, and more predictable. In this article, we describe criteria for the patients with cancer of oral mucosa to be admitted for this procedure. Restored sensation in the lower lip of the patients who have undergone resection of the mandible significantly improves their quality of life.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Mast cell disorders: Protean manifestations and treatment responses

Mast cell disorders represent an emerging disease category notable for the diverse spectrum of presentations. Patients are clinically characterized by symptoms reflective of mast cell mediator release, which often includes episodes of urticaria with or without angioedema and flushing as well as episodes of recurrent potentially life-threatening anaphylaxis. Multiple systems can be targeted including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal (GI), psychiatric, respiratory and musculoskeletal. In addition, patients may have vague nonspecific complaints, such as abdominal discomfort or "brain fog".

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IYQNUh

Germline mutations as potential causes of childhood solid tumours: comments on the Norwegian childhood cancer cohort study

Germline mutations as potential causes of childhood solid tumours: comments on the Norwegian childhood cancer cohort study

Germline mutations as potential causes of childhood solid tumours: comments on the Norwegian childhood cancer cohort study, Published online: 29 March 2018; doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0059-0

Germline mutations as potential causes of childhood solid tumours: comments on the Norwegian childhood cancer cohort study

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GTbh0c

End-of-life decision-making across cancer types: results from a nationwide retrospective survey among treating physicians

End-of-life decision-making across cancer types: results from a nationwide retrospective survey among treating physicians

End-of-life decision-making across cancer types: results from a nationwide retrospective survey among treating physicians, Published online: 29 March 2018; doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0070-5

End-of-life decision-making across cancer types: results from a nationwide retrospective survey among treating physicians

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E319yW

Quantitative proteomic profiling of primary cancer-associated fibroblasts in oesophageal adenocarcinoma

Quantitative proteomic profiling of primary cancer-associated fibroblasts in oesophageal adenocarcinoma

Quantitative proteomic profiling of primary cancer-associated fibroblasts in oesophageal adenocarcinoma, Published online: 29 March 2018; doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0042-9

Quantitative proteomic profiling of primary cancer-associated fibroblasts in oesophageal adenocarcinoma

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GSg0PN

The effect of selection and referral biases for the treatment of localised prostate cancer with surgery or radiation

The effect of selection and referral biases for the treatment of localised prostate cancer with surgery or radiation

The effect of selection and referral biases for the treatment of localised prostate cancer with surgery or radiation, Published online: 29 March 2018; doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0071-4

The effect of selection and referral biases for the treatment of localised prostate cancer with surgery or radiation

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GREJnh

Focal, but not global, cerebral ischaemia causes loss of myenteric neurons and upregulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide in mouse ileum

International Journal of Experimental Pathology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GE2H7S

Effect of IFN-λ2 on combined allergic rhinitis with nasal polyps

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to investigate the expression of interferon-λ2 (IFN-λ2) in patients with combined allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps (AR+NP), analyze the correlation between IFN-λ2 and tryptase, interleukin 10 (IL-10), and interleukin 12 (IL-12), and identify its peripheral blood cell origins.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: ELISA kits were used to investigate plasma levels of IFN-λ2, tryptase, IL-10, and IL-12 in AR+NP patients and healthy controls (HC). Flow cytometry analysis was carried out to detect IFN-λ2 expression in peripheral blood leukocytes. Immunocytochemical staining was performed to detect nasal polyp IFN-λ2 expression in AR+NP patients.

RESULTS: Elevated plasma IFN-λ2 levels and positive correlations between plasma IFN-λ2 and tryptase levels in AR+NP patients indicated that IFN-λ2 likely contributes to AR+NP pathogenesis. IFN-λ2 expression was upregulated in cytotoxic T cells and eosinophils in AR+NP patients. Nasal polyp mast cells and macrophages in AR+NP patients expressed IFN-λ2.

CONCLUSIONS: The close correlation between IFN-λ2 expression and AR+NP may provide experimental evidence for a possible effect of IFN-λ2 against the allergic inflammatory reaction. Therefore, IFN-λ2 actions may have a potential utility for the treatment and prevention of AR+AP.

L'articolo Effect of IFN-λ2 on combined allergic rhinitis with nasal polyps sembra essere il primo su European Review.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2DZpjKt

Barriers to the recognition of medullary thyroid carcinoma on FNA: Implications relevant to the new American Thyroid Association guidelines

Cancer Cytopathology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pM7k5U

Northern Italy in the American South: Assessing interobserver reliability within the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology

Cancer Cytopathology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ibh14H

Surgical indication of Furlow palatoplasty to treat submucous cleft palate

This study investigated the effects of Furlow palatoplasty on children with submucous cleft palate (SMCP) and identified surgical indications by comparing SMCP and control patients. Twenty-three SMCP children (average age 28.9 months) who were nonsyndromic and underwent surgery between April 2010 and December 2016 were included. Facial computed tomography (CT) was performed preoperatively and at least 1 year postoperatively after a language test. Facial CT measurements were taken for 140 children aged 0–6 years without deformities (control group).

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GlxvGW

Three-dimensional study of 31 cases of synostotic anterior plagiocephaly before and after surgical management

Synostotic anterior plagiocephaly is a rare pathological cranial malformation. Therapeutic options are rarely studied due to the rarity of the malformation and difficulties in diagnosis and care management.The objective of this study was to analyze the results obtained with the Lille protocol based on 62 CT-scans done before and after surgery in 31 patients.A specific analysis was designed for this work. Nine cephalometric measures enabled to evidence on each CT-Scan the corrections made on the fronto-orbital bandeau and the potential impact of surgery on the craniofacial structures.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ie7V7n

Better surgical outcome by image-guided navigation system in endoscopic removal of sinonasal inverted papilloma

The purpose of this study was to validate and compare treatment outcomes for endoscopic resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) with or without the use of a navigation system.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pN0fCe

Minimally invasive versus open pancreatic enucleation. Systematic review and meta‐analysis of surgical outcomes

Journal of Surgical Oncology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3soZZ

Hospital volume and short‐term outcomes after cytoreductive nephrectomy

Journal of Surgical Oncology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GS6k7U

Should surgery be part of the multimodality treatment for stage IIIB non‐small cell lung cancer?

Journal of Surgical Oncology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IbrUDz

“Descending genicular artery. branching patterns and measuring parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of several anatomical studies. ”

The medial femoral condyle (MFC) flap is based on the descending genicular artery (DGA), a vessel with different variations in its course and branching patterns. Many studies have dealt with the vascular anatomy of the medial femoral condyle. However, the results of their investigations differ markedly.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3HQW2

Denervation leads to volume regression in breast cancer

The nervous system plays a key role in controlling dynamic functions of multicellular complex organisms. Although peripheral nerves are supposed to play a pivotal role in tumor growth and dissemination, little experimental evidence exists to date. We assessed the effect of denervation on breast cancer growth by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in rats. Human breast cancer cells were implanted into adipofascial flaps with intact or surgically excised supplying nerve. Tumor volumes were measured two and eight weeks after implantation by in vivo MRI.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GzchZA

How to decide which patient-reported outcome measure to use? A practical guide for plastic surgeons

The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) is rising across all medical specialties as their importance to patient care is validated. They are likely to play a particularly important role in plastic and reconstructive surgery where outcomes are often subjective, and the recent guidance from the Royal College of Surgeons of England advising their use in cosmetic surgery highlight this. In order to drive their routine use across our specialty it is important that clinicians are able to understand the often complex and confusing language that surrounds their design and validation.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3chf2

Targeted muscle reinnervation for pain control in an elective transradial amputation

We thank our colleagues at The Royal Free Hospital for their letter. In response to their first criticism that our 'letter fails to clarify exactly what TMR is, and how it can benefit amputees', we would like to draw to the attention of Messrs Woollard and Kang that this correspondence was intended to highlight the benefits of targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) in preventing neuroma pain. It was not intended to educate the readership on the scientific basis by which TMR can be used to control an external prosthesis.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GEp0u7

Should microsurgery move away from our binary measures of success and is it time to embrace reconstructive failure as a true measure of our patient outcomes?

Dear Editor

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GCjwzR

A retrospective investigation of abdominal visceral fat, body mass index (BMI), and active smoking as risk factors for donor site wound healing complications after free DIEP flap breast reconstructions.

The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap is one of the most common techniques for breast reconstruction. Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered an important predictor of donorsite healing complications such as wound dehiscence. The use of computed tomography (CT) techniques has shown a more precise and objective method to assess visceral adipose tissue. It remains unclear whether quantified visceral fat results in more accurate predictions of abdominal wound healing complications than BMI.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GD8U3S

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine ‐ Table of Contents: Volume 50, Number S29, March 2018

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, Volume 50, Issue S29, Page S1-S3, March 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3GOt8

American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery Abstracts

Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, Volume 50, Issue S29, Page S4-S56, March 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E2KL1h

Issue Information

International Journal of Cancer, Volume 142, Issue 10, Page 2188-2189, 15 May 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GgGv4j

Retinal histogenesis in an altricial avian species, the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata, Vieillot 1817)

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J41GnJ

The tracheal system in post‐embryonic development of holometabolous insects: a case study using the mealworm beetle

Journal of Anatomy, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J2Qo3s

A new method for selecting auricle positions in skull base reconstruction for temporal bone cancer

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GkldPk

In reference to Computed tomography image navigation patient tracker on the cheek during osteoplastic flaps

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pMxhTb

Is cricothyroid muscle twitch predictive of the integrity of the EBSLN in Thyroid Surgery?

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E1YBRy

Detection of bacteria by 16S rRNA PCR and sequencing in culture‐negative chronic rhinosinusitis

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GmG7wX

The effect of postoperative steroids on post‐tonsillectomy pain and need for postoperative physician contact

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GF3e9K

Short‐ and long‐term outcomes of oropharyngeal cancer care in the elderly

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pLEGC8

Cochlear implantation and auditory brainstem implantation in neurofibromatosis type 2

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GCnIzS

FDG‐PET metabolic tumor parameters for the reirradiation of recurrent head and neck cancer

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3t2Xn

Extracapsular dissection for warthin tumors despite the risk of ipsilateral metachronous occurrence

The Laryngoscope, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GCnyIM

Issue Information

The Journal of Pathology, Volume 244, Issue 5, Page 507-508, April 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J3TyDW

List of Reviewers

The Journal of Pathology, Volume 244, Issue 4, Page 499-506, April 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pSyFTB

Issue Information

The Journal of Pathology, Volume 244, Issue 4, Page 381-382, April 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J3hszs

Marinobufagenin inhibits glioma growth through sodium pump α1 subunit and ERK signaling‐mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GhhohT

Association of family history and survival in patients with colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of eight epidemiologic studies

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E2I2VB

Five‐year results of a phase II trial of preoperative 5‐fluorouracil, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel with capecitabine (wTX) (with trastuzumab in HER2‐positive patients) for patients with stage II or III breast cancer

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GhI02f

Inhibition of breast cancer cell growth by methyl pyropheophenylchlorin photodynamic therapy is mediated though endoplasmic reticulum stress‐induced autophagy in vitro and vivo

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Gfez0t

A novel rapid quantitative method reveals stathmin‐1 as a promising marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3Qy6O

A novel monoclonal antibody KMP1 has potential antitumor activity of bladder cancer by blocking CD44 in vivo and in vitro

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3QvrE

Cancer risk in patients with alopecia areata: a nationwide population‐based matched cohort study

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ie4rBP

Determination of a radotinib dosage regimen based on dose–response relationships for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ggq5J1

Impact of pediatric cancer on family relationships

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ie4ptH

Performance of the UroVysion® FISH assay for the diagnosis of malignant effusions using two cutoff strategies

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GjqISb

Risk of thyroid cancer in relation to height, weight, and body mass index in Japanese individuals: a population‐based cohort study

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Gjnr5C

The influence of insurance type on stage at presentation, treatment, and survival between Asian American and non‐Hispanic White lung cancer patients

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3DePI

Germline MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 variants in Brazilian patients with colorectal cancer and clinical features suggestive of Lynch Syndrome

Cancer Medicine, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GgCYD5

Laryngeal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Laryngeal involvement in inflammatory bowel disease is rare. Only 12 cases of laryngeal involvement in Crohn disease have been reported until now. Moreover, only one case of laryngeal manifestations in ulcerative colitis has been reported so far.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Gm0Np3

Evaluation of bone resection margins of segmental mandibulectomy for oral squamous cell carcinoma

Resection margins are frequently studied in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and are accepted as a constant prognostic factor. While most evidence is based on soft tissue margins, reported data for bone resection margins are scarce. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate and determine the utility of surgical margins in bone resections for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). The status of bone resection margins and their impact on survival was investigated in patients who had undergone segmental mandibulectomy for OCSCC.

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GPY4oJ

High temporal resolution gastric emptying breath tests in mice

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3Mxzg

Radar plots: A novel modality for displaying disparate data on the efficacy of eluxadoline for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E2AGl6

Different perception of chronic constipation between patients and gastroenterologists

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IdcsHp

Meal composition influences postprandial sensations independently of valence and gustation

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GT2s6B

Gastrointestinal dysmotility: A qualitative exploration of the journey from symptom onset to diagnosis

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GPVzCR

Prevalence, risk factors and complications of oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke patients: A cohort study

Neurogastroenterology &Motility, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2I8P2Tp

Antibodies against cell adhesion molecules and neural structures in paraneoplastic neuropathies

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E3d3J0

Seronegative antibody‐mediated neurology after immune checkpoint inhibitors

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GT3j7n

Brain‐computer interfaces for post‐stroke motor rehabilitation: a meta‐analysis

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2E2Feb1

Paraganglioma: Cytomorphologic features, radiologic and clinical findings in 12 cases

Diagnostic Cytopathology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2I8IrrS

Topical N‐acetylcysteine in ichthyosis: Experience in 18 patients

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IXONMd

Pediatric Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with oral fluconazole: A case series

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pNkaQG

Angiomatoid and desmoplastic Spitz nevus presenting as a keloidal nodule

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pPrUlb

Short anagen syndrome: Case series and literature review

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2IYxJWd

Fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser followed by topical sodium stibogluconate application: A treatment option for pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis

Pediatric Dermatology, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J39t5B

Comment on “Scabies in babies”

Pediatric Dermatology, Volume 35, Issue 2, Page 284-284, March/April 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pMQOCb

Forthcoming Meetings

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, Volume 48, Issue 4, Page 483-483, April 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ie8YnX

Issue Information

Clinical &Experimental Allergy, Volume 48, Issue 4, Page 349-351, April 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pN1cup

A prospective study of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and risk of incident ischemic stroke in a Chinese rural population

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J2JQSq

Patterns of dopamine transporter imaging in subtypes of multiple system atrophy

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pP1jou

Retrospective study of perampanel efficacy and tolerability in myoclonic seizures

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J4YcBI

Hippocampal subfield segmentation in temporal lobe epilepsy: Relation to outcomes

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pO3WHe

Quantitative proteomic profiling of primary cancer-associated fibroblasts in oesophageal adenocarcinoma

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GU6tHR

Germline mutations as potential causes of childhood solid tumours: comments on the Norwegian childhood cancer cohort study

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ie6PIV

The effect of selection and referral biases for the treatment of localised prostate cancer with surgery or radiation

from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ie6Jkx

A free anterolateral thigh flap for pharyngeal reconstruction following dynamic hip screw femur fixation

Microsurgery, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2J37gXR

Intraoperative evaluation of perfusion in free flap surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Microsurgery, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pMxHIk

Diagnostic performance of cone beam computed tomography in assessing peri‐implant bone loss: A systematic review

Clinical Oral Implants Research, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pLuSYQ

Long‐term outcome of surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis. A 2‐11‐year retrospective study

Clinical Oral Implants Research, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Ie9xOx

Quality of head and neck radiotherapy reporting in randomized controlled trials

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GBCDKG

Head and neck cancer reirradiation with interstitial high‐dose‐rate brachytherapy

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GBCAhY

Bocca's hemipharyngo‐total laryngectomy for hypopharyngeal carcinoma to avoid reconstruction with a pedicled flap

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GmvTN5

BRAFwild papillary thyroid carcinoma has two distinct mRNA expression patterns with different clinical behaviors

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GDOJTu

Depressive symptoms, social anxiety, and perceived neck function in patients with head and neck cancer

Head &Neck, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GkLE7e

Issue Information

Pediatric Blood &Cancer, Volume 65, Issue 5, May 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pMBmqj

Hepatocellular carcinoma is diagnosed at a later stage in alcoholic patients: Results of a prospective, nationwide study

Cancer, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GiXqTW

Moving toward a true depiction of tobacco behavior among Asian Indians in California: Prevalence and factors associated with cultural smokeless tobacco product use

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1607-1613, April 1, 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GfvJes

Salvage treatment using carbon ion radiation in patients with locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Initial results

Cancer, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pNWNGJ

Results of a lay health education intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening among Filipino Americans: A cluster randomized controlled trial

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1535-1542, April 1, 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pPopLz

High frequency of the PNPLA3 rs738409 [G] single‐nucleotide polymorphism in Hmong individuals as a potential basis for a predisposition to chronic liver disease

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1583-1589, April 1, 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2GgtJCT

Increased resource use in men with metastatic prostate cancer does not result in improved survival or quality of care at the end of life

Cancer, EarlyView.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2pNIfqI

Colorectal cancer beliefs, knowledge, and screening among Filipino, Hmong, and Korean Americans

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1552-1559, April 1, 2018.


from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2Gg5rca

Time, trust, and transparency: Lessons learned from collecting blood biospecimens for cancer research from the Asian American community

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1614-1621, April 1, 2018.


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Social–cultural, traditional beliefs, and health system barriers of hepatitis B screening among Hmong Americans: A case study

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1576-1582, April 1, 2018.


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Impact of a smoke‐free–living educational intervention for smokers and household nonsmokers: A randomized trial of Chinese American pairs

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1590-1598, April 1, 2018.


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Knowledge of colorectal cancer screening guidelines and intention to obtain screening among nonadherent Filipino, Hmong, and Korean Americans

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1560-1567, April 1, 2018.


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Issue Information

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1519-1526, April 1, 2018.


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Colorectal cancer screening prevalence and predictors among Asian American subgroups using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey National Data

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1543-1551, April 1, 2018.


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A physician‐initiated intervention to increase colorectal cancer screening in Chinese patients

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1568-1575, April 1, 2018.


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Perspectives of Chinese American smoker and nonsmoker household pairs about the creating smokefree living together program

Cancer, Volume 124, Issue S7, Page 1599-1606, April 1, 2018.


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Capture of tobacco use among population‐based registries: Findings from 10 National Program of Cancer Registries states

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Association of externalizing religious and spiritual beliefs on stage of colon cancer diagnosis among black and white multicenter urban patient populations

Cancer, EarlyView.


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Binaural responses in the auditory midbrain of chicken (Gallus gallus)

European Journal of Neuroscience, EarlyView.


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Issue Cover (March 2018)

European Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 47, Issue 6, Page i-iii, March 2018.


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Profiles of Women in Science: Prof. Dr. med. Kerstin Erika Schmidt of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte

European Journal of Neuroscience, EarlyView.


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Explorations and perspectives on the neurobiological bases of autism spectrum disorder

European Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 47, Issue 6, Page 488-496, March 2018.


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Issue Information ‐ Masthead

Annals of Neurology, Volume 83, Issue 3, March 2018.


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Issue Information ‐ TOC

Annals of Neurology, Volume 83, Issue 3, March 2018.


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Issue Information ‐ Copyright

Annals of Neurology, Volume 83, Issue 3, March 2018.


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Annals of Neurology: Volume 83, Number 3, March 2018

Annals of Neurology, Volume 83, Issue 3, March 2018.


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Final safety, tolerability, and seizure outcomes in patients with focal epilepsy treated with adjunctive perampanel for up to 4 years in an open‐label extension of phase III randomized trials: Study 307

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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The frequency and management of seizures during psychological treatment among patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and epilepsy

Epilepsia, EarlyView.


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Dermal Fillers: The Risks to Eliminating Wrinkles

In 2016, more than 2.4 million filler procedures were done with one type alone, hyaluronic acid (Juvederm, Restylane), in the U.S. That's a 56% increase over the last decade.
WebMD Health News

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Three-dimensional study of 31 cases of synostotic anterior plagiocephaly before and after surgical management

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Ambre Simon, Emmanuelle Bocquet, Philippe Pellerin, Matthieu Vinchon, Patrick Dhellemmes, Véronique Martinot, Alexis Wolber, Clotilde Calibre, Philippe Charlier, Pierre Guerreschi
Synostotic anterior plagiocephaly is a rare pathological cranial malformation. Therapeutic options are rarely studied due to the rarity of the malformation and difficulties in diagnosis and care management.The objective of this study was to analyze the results obtained with the Lille protocol based on 62 CT-scans done before and after surgery in 31 patients.A specific analysis was designed for this work. Nine cephalometric measures enabled to evidence on each CT-Scan the corrections made on the fronto-orbital bandeau and the potential impact of surgery on the craniofacial structures.Results show that surgical symmetry of the fronto-orbital bandeau in the transversal plane, according to the symmetrical axis of the semicircular canals, allows a normalization of the skull's growth and morphogenesis for the surgically affected structures but also adjacent ones.



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Better surgical outcome by image-guided navigation system in endoscopic removal of sinonasal inverted papilloma

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Sang Hyeon Ahn, Eun Jung Lee, Jin Won Kim, Kwang Ha Baek, Hyung-Ju Cho, Joo-Heon Yoon, Chang-Hoon Kim
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to validate and compare treatment outcomes for endoscopic resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) with or without the use of a navigation system.Materials and MethodsA total of 58 patients who underwent endoscopic resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma by a single surgeon from 2007 to 2016 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Depending on the use of the navigation system, subj ects were divided into two groups: a conventional endoscopic resection group without navigation system (CER group) and a navigation-assisted endoscopic resection group (NER group).ResultsThere were 24 patients (41.4%) in the CER group and 34 patients (58.6%) in the NER group. Treatment outcomes showed that navigation-assisted endoscopic resection was a more beneficial surgical technique than conventional endoscopic resection for sinonasal IP. Post-surgical recurrence was noted in seven cases (29.2%) in the CER group and two cases (5.9%) in the NER group. Accordingly, the recurrence rate was significantly less in the NER group compared to the CER group (p=0.026). There were two cases of complications (8.3%) in the CER group comprising cerebrospinal fluid leak and periorbital fat exposure, while no complications were noted for the NER group (p=0.167).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that navigation-assisted endoscopic removal of sinonasal IP is helpful for reducing recurrence and avoiding surgical complications. Therefore, navigation systems should be always considered when performing endoscopic removal of sinonasal IP.



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Ocular Motor Dysfunction Due to Brainstem Disorders

No abstract available

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Socioeconomic determinants as risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a case-control study in Iran

Publication date: Available online 26 March 2018
Source:British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): S. Azimi, N. Rafieian, S. Manifar, Z. Ghorbani, M. Tennant, E. Kruger
Our aim was to assess the association between different components of sociodemographic status and the risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck after we had adjusted for the influence of the known behavioural risk factors of smoking and drinking alcohol. We selected 146 patients with histopathologically-confirmed SCC of the head and neck, and matched them for age and sex with 266 healthy controls for this case-control study. Personal details, occupation, socioeconomic status, smoking, and alcohol consumption were recorded. The association of sociodemographic variables with oral cancer was evaluated both separately and with a composite socioeconomic index. Chi squared tests, adjusted odds ratios (OR), and 95% CI were computed using logistic regression to estimate the effect. There was a significant difference between the two groups in the composite socioeconomic index (p<0.001). The group with "low" socioeconomic status had the highest risk of oral cancer (OR=3.89, 95% CI 1.28 to 11.82). Better-educated people with higher incomes had a lower risk of SCC of the head and neck after we had controlled for behavioural risk factors. However, marital and employment status and place of residence were not significantly associated with risk. Our findings confirm that some socioeconomic determinants were associated with the development of oral cancer in this study group.



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Unilateral necrosis of the tongue caused by embolisation of cholesterol crystals

Publication date: Available online 26 March 2018
Source:British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): N. Kitamura, E. Sasabe, H. Kitaoka, T. Yamamoto
Cholesterol crystals embolise when an aortic atherosclerotic lesion ruptures and cholesterol crystals are scattered and obstruct small peripheral arterioles. Risk factors include both iatrogenic factors such as intravascular catheterisation, and spontaneous factors for atherosclerosis such as aging, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking. We describe the case of an 83-year-old Japanese man who developed unilateral, superficial necrosis of the tongue as a result of spontaneous embolisation of cholesterol crystals.



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Three-dimensional study of 31 cases of synostotic anterior plagiocephaly before and after surgical management

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Ambre Simon, Emmanuelle Bocquet, Philippe Pellerin, Matthieu Vinchon, Patrick Dhellemmes, Véronique Martinot, Alexis Wolber, Clotilde Calibre, Philippe Charlier, Pierre Guerreschi
Synostotic anterior plagiocephaly is a rare pathological cranial malformation. Therapeutic options are rarely studied due to the rarity of the malformation and difficulties in diagnosis and care management.The objective of this study was to analyze the results obtained with the Lille protocol based on 62 CT-scans done before and after surgery in 31 patients.A specific analysis was designed for this work. Nine cephalometric measures enabled to evidence on each CT-Scan the corrections made on the fronto-orbital bandeau and the potential impact of surgery on the craniofacial structures.Results show that surgical symmetry of the fronto-orbital bandeau in the transversal plane, according to the symmetrical axis of the semicircular canals, allows a normalization of the skull's growth and morphogenesis for the surgically affected structures but also adjacent ones.



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Better surgical outcome by image-guided navigation system in endoscopic removal of sinonasal inverted papilloma

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Sang Hyeon Ahn, Eun Jung Lee, Jin Won Kim, Kwang Ha Baek, Hyung-Ju Cho, Joo-Heon Yoon, Chang-Hoon Kim
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to validate and compare treatment outcomes for endoscopic resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) with or without the use of a navigation system.Materials and MethodsA total of 58 patients who underwent endoscopic resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma by a single surgeon from 2007 to 2016 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Depending on the use of the navigation system, subj ects were divided into two groups: a conventional endoscopic resection group without navigation system (CER group) and a navigation-assisted endoscopic resection group (NER group).ResultsThere were 24 patients (41.4%) in the CER group and 34 patients (58.6%) in the NER group. Treatment outcomes showed that navigation-assisted endoscopic resection was a more beneficial surgical technique than conventional endoscopic resection for sinonasal IP. Post-surgical recurrence was noted in seven cases (29.2%) in the CER group and two cases (5.9%) in the NER group. Accordingly, the recurrence rate was significantly less in the NER group compared to the CER group (p=0.026). There were two cases of complications (8.3%) in the CER group comprising cerebrospinal fluid leak and periorbital fat exposure, while no complications were noted for the NER group (p=0.167).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that navigation-assisted endoscopic removal of sinonasal IP is helpful for reducing recurrence and avoiding surgical complications. Therefore, navigation systems should be always considered when performing endoscopic removal of sinonasal IP.



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Comparison of Subjective and Objective Measures of Hearing, Auditory Processing, and Cognition Among Older Adults With and Without Mild Cognitive Impairment

Purpose

The aims of the study were to compare the Cognitive Self-Report Questionnaire (CSRQ; Spina, Ruff, & Mahncke, 2006) Hearing and Cognitive subscale ratings among older adults with and without probable mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and to examine whether self-report, as measured by the CSRQ, is associated with objective measures of hearing, auditory processing, and cognition.

Method

Data analyses included 97 older adults of ages 61–91 years. Participants completed the CSRQ self-report measure as well as a battery of objective measures, including pure-tone audiometry, degraded speech understanding, temporal processing, and memory.

Results

Older adults with probable MCI rated their cognitive abilities more poorly than those without MCI (p = .002), but ratings of hearing and auditory abilities did not differ between the two groups (p = .912). Age and CSRQ Hearing subscale ratings explained a significant proportion of variance in objective measures of hearing and degraded speech understanding (R ² = .39, p < .001). Age, sex, mental status, and CSRQ Cognition subscale ratings explained a significant proportion of variance in objective memory performance (R ² = .55, p < .001).

Conclusions

Taken together, these results suggest that the CSRQ is an appropriate self-report measure of hearing, cognition, and some aspects of auditory processing for older adults with and without probable MCI.

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tACS-mediated modulation of the auditory steady-state response as seen with MEG

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Petteri Hyvärinen, Dawoon Choi, Gianpaolo Demarchi, Antti A. Aarnisalo, Nathan Weisz
BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that transcranial electrical stimulation can be successfully applied during simultaneous MEG measurements. In particular, using beamforming they have established that changes of stimulus induced as well as evoked activity can be inspected during transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS).Objective/Hypothesis: We studied tACS-mediated changes of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR), hypothesizing that—due to the putatively inhibitory role of alpha oscillations—these evoked responses would be diminished.MethodsWe compared ASSRs in conditions with and without 12-Hz and 6.5-Hz sinusoidal 1.5 mA tACS, applied bilaterally over temporal areas. Source-level activity was estimated using a linearly constrained minimum variance beamformer and compared across tACS conditions using paired t-tests following a condition-internal normalization procedure.ConclusionsBy separating the electrical and auditory stimulation to non-overlapping parts of the frequency spectrum, we were able to compare auditory-evoked steady-state activity across tACS conditions. We observed a significant decrease in normalized ASSR power in the 12-Hz tACS condition, illustrating that tACS could induce immediate changes in auditory evoked activity. This study sets a methodology to further interrogate the causal roles of oscillatory dynamics in auditory cortices, as well as suggests perspectives for employing tACS in clinical contexts.



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Prospective evaluation of serum IL-16 and risk of prostate cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Abstract

Background

Sexually transmitted infections and chronic inflammation have been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines and free radicals, have been hypothesized to play a role.

Methods

To explore the role of inflammation in prostate cancer risk further, we examined the association between pre-diagnostic serum levels of interleukin-16 (IL-16), an important pleiotropic cytokine, and prostate cancer risk among 932 Caucasian cases and 942 controls and 154 African-American cases and 302 controls in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Serum IL-16 was quantified using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between IL-16 and prostate cancer risk, separately by race.

Results

Although no association between IL-16 and prostate cancer overall was observed among Caucasians (p = 0.27), a significantly increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer, defined as Gleason ≥ 7 (p_het = 0.02), was observed with increasing levels of IL-16 (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 1.37, 95% CI 1.04–1.81, p_trend = 0.02). We also discovered a significant interaction between IL-16 and history of gonorrhea (p = 0.04). Among Caucasian men with a history of gonorrhea, elevated IL-16 levels were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 3.64, 95% CI 1.14–11.6) but no association was seen among those without a history of gonorrhea (OR_{3rd vs. 1st tertile} = 1.06, 95% CI 0.83–1.34). No associations were observed among African-Americans.

Conclusions

This study found evidence that higher pre-diagnostic IL-16 levels may be associated with increased risk of high-grade disease, supporting inflammation as potential mechanism by which sexually transmitted diseases may increase risk.

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Ocular Motor Dysfunction Due to Brainstem Disorders

No abstract available

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Laryngeal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Elke Loos, Peter Lemkens, Vincent Vander Poorten, Evelien Humblet, Griet Laureyns
BackgroundLaryngeal involvement in inflammatory bowel disease is rare. Only 12 cases of laryngeal involvement in Crohn disease have been reported until now. Moreover, only one case of laryngeal manifestations in ulcerative colitis has been reported so far.Materials and MethodsIn this article, we present a patient with ulcerative colitis, who consulted our ear, nose, and throat (ENT) clinic with laryngeal complaints. Furthermore, a review of current literature was performed.ResultsA concise overview of this rare extraintestinal manifestation and other ENT manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases is provided.ConclusionsLaryngeal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease are very rare, but these manifestations should be known by the otorhinolaryngologist.



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The Use of Vibrotactile Feedback During Dual-Task Standing Balance Conditions in People With Unilateral Vestibular Hypofunction

Hypothesis: People with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH) would have increased postural sway and slower reaction times while using vibrotactile feedback (VTF) during dual-task conditions compared with age-matched controls. Background: VTF has been shown to improve real-time balance performance in persons with vestibular disorders. Future use of this technology outside of the laboratory environment as a real-time balance aid requires that using VTF during dual-tasking scenarios be studied. Method: Nine people with UVH and nine age-matched controls participated in a study focused on assessing the effects of a secondary cognitive task and sensory integration conditions on the root-mean-square of center of pressure (RMS COP) while using VTF. Reaction times from the secondary cognitive task were used to assess the effects of VTF, and sensory integration conditions on the attention required to perform the task. Results: The results showed that there was no group difference between individuals with UVH and age-matched controls on balance performance while using VTF during dual-task conditions. Using VTF significantly degraded the reaction time performance in both groups, and the participants with UVH had slower reaction times compared with controls. Conclusion: People with UVH showed the ability to use VTF to control balance during dual-task conditions, but more attentional resources were needed to perform the secondary cognitive tasks while using VTF. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Chia-Cheng Lin, P.T., Ph.D., M.S., Department of Physical Therapy, East Carolina University, Health Sciences Building, 2405D, Mail Stop 668, Greenville, NC 27834; E-mail: linch14@ecu.edu This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation CAREER program under Grant No. RAPD-0846471 to K.H.S. and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders under Grant no. 5R21-DC-012410–02 to K.H.S. and S.L.W. The authors disclose no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2018 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company

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RECONSTRUCTION OF THE CANAL WALL IN TYMPANOPLASTY FOR CHOLESTEATOMA WITH TITANIUM SHEETING

No abstract available

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Burkitt Lymphoma of the Temporal Bone

No abstract available

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Prevention of Otic Barotrauma in Aviation: A Systematic Review

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the published evidence relating to the prevention of otic barotrauma in aviation. In particular, this review sought to identify procedures, techniques, devices, and medications for the prevention of otic barotrauma as well as evaluate the evidence relating to their efficacy. Data Sources: Ten databases including Embase, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched using the full historical range. Study Selection: English language articles including more than or equal to five participants or cases were included. Outcomes of interest were reduced severity or the successful prevention of otic barotrauma in participants undergoing gradual changes in pressure during air travel or its simulation. Data Extraction: Articles and data were extracted and analyzed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and other international guidelines. Conclusions: This review highlights the lack of published evidence relating to what is a significant and increasingly common problem in otology. There is level 1 evidence that supports the efficacy of oral pseudoephedrine (120 mg) in preventing otic barotrauma in adults. However, oral pseudoephedrine (1 mg/kg) does not appear to be effective in children. There is insufficient evidence to support the efficacy of either nasal balloon inflation or pressure-equalizing ear plugs for the prevention of otic barotrauma. A recently reported, novel technique for insertion of temporary tympanostomy tubes is promising but requires further evaluation. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Peter Ryan, BMed, c/o Dr Nicholas Jufas, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; E-mail: peter.john.ryan@gmail.com Financial disclosure: No funding or other support received. The authors disclose no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2018 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company

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tACS-mediated modulation of the auditory steady-state response as seen with MEG

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Hearing Research
Author(s): Petteri Hyvärinen, Dawoon Choi, Gianpaolo Demarchi, Antti A. Aarnisalo, Nathan Weisz
BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that transcranial electrical stimulation can be successfully applied during simultaneous MEG measurements. In particular, using beamforming they have established that changes of stimulus induced as well as evoked activity can be inspected during transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS).Objective/Hypothesis: We studied tACS-mediated changes of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR), hypothesizing that—due to the putatively inhibitory role of alpha oscillations—these evoked responses would be diminished.MethodsWe compared ASSRs in conditions with and without 12-Hz and 6.5-Hz sinusoidal 1.5 mA tACS, applied bilaterally over temporal areas. Source-level activity was estimated using a linearly constrained minimum variance beamformer and compared across tACS conditions using paired t-tests following a condition-internal normalization procedure.ConclusionsBy separating the electrical and auditory stimulation to non-overlapping parts of the frequency spectrum, we were able to compare auditory-evoked steady-state activity across tACS conditions. We observed a significant decrease in normalized ASSR power in the 12-Hz tACS condition, illustrating that tACS could induce immediate changes in auditory evoked activity. This study sets a methodology to further interrogate the causal roles of oscillatory dynamics in auditory cortices, as well as suggests perspectives for employing tACS in clinical contexts.



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Expression and clinical significance of retinoid X receptor α in esophageal carcinoma

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
Author(s): Hong-Yue Ren, Yi-He Guo, Li-Min Yang, Tai-Jian Dai, Ming-Zhu Lin, Le Yu, Qi-Gan Zhu, Jia-Rong Meng
PurposeEsophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most aggressive type cancers and dysregulation of retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) involves various tumors. However, the relationship of RXRα with the clinicopathological factors of EC, particularly prognostic characteristics, remains unclear. This present study was to evaluate the effect of RXRα expression in the development of EC.MethodsThe mRNA and protein expression level of RXRα in EC and normal esophageal tissues using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The subcellular localization was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. The clinicopathological parameters were included age, sex, tumor size, differentiation, TNM stages and lymph node metastasis. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's regression analyses were performed to evaluate the prognosis of 60 patients with EC.ResultsRXRα was elevated in EC tissues comparing with normal esophageal tissues at both mRNA and protein levels. The overexpression level of RXRα was closely associated to the tumor differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of patients with EC. In addition, EC patients with RXRα high expression had significantly lower disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis showed RXRα expression as an independent predictor for the DFS and OS rate of patients with EC.ConclusionsOur results showed that overexpression of RXRα was correlated with unfavorable prognosis, suggesting that RXRα may serve as a potential targeted therapeutic marker in the treatment of EC.



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The Use of Vibrotactile Feedback During Dual-Task Standing Balance Conditions in People With Unilateral Vestibular Hypofunction

Hypothesis: People with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH) would have increased postural sway and slower reaction times while using vibrotactile feedback (VTF) during dual-task conditions compared with age-matched controls. Background: VTF has been shown to improve real-time balance performance in persons with vestibular disorders. Future use of this technology outside of the laboratory environment as a real-time balance aid requires that using VTF during dual-tasking scenarios be studied. Method: Nine people with UVH and nine age-matched controls participated in a study focused on assessing the effects of a secondary cognitive task and sensory integration conditions on the root-mean-square of center of pressure (RMS COP) while using VTF. Reaction times from the secondary cognitive task were used to assess the effects of VTF, and sensory integration conditions on the attention required to perform the task. Results: The results showed that there was no group difference between individuals with UVH and age-matched controls on balance performance while using VTF during dual-task conditions. Using VTF significantly degraded the reaction time performance in both groups, and the participants with UVH had slower reaction times compared with controls. Conclusion: People with UVH showed the ability to use VTF to control balance during dual-task conditions, but more attentional resources were needed to perform the secondary cognitive tasks while using VTF. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Chia-Cheng Lin, P.T., Ph.D., M.S., Department of Physical Therapy, East Carolina University, Health Sciences Building, 2405D, Mail Stop 668, Greenville, NC 27834; E-mail: linch14@ecu.edu This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation CAREER program under Grant No. RAPD-0846471 to K.H.S. and the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders under Grant no. 5R21-DC-012410–02 to K.H.S. and S.L.W. The authors disclose no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2018 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company

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RECONSTRUCTION OF THE CANAL WALL IN TYMPANOPLASTY FOR CHOLESTEATOMA WITH TITANIUM SHEETING

No abstract available

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Burkitt Lymphoma of the Temporal Bone

No abstract available

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Prevention of Otic Barotrauma in Aviation: A Systematic Review

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the published evidence relating to the prevention of otic barotrauma in aviation. In particular, this review sought to identify procedures, techniques, devices, and medications for the prevention of otic barotrauma as well as evaluate the evidence relating to their efficacy. Data Sources: Ten databases including Embase, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched using the full historical range. Study Selection: English language articles including more than or equal to five participants or cases were included. Outcomes of interest were reduced severity or the successful prevention of otic barotrauma in participants undergoing gradual changes in pressure during air travel or its simulation. Data Extraction: Articles and data were extracted and analyzed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and other international guidelines. Conclusions: This review highlights the lack of published evidence relating to what is a significant and increasingly common problem in otology. There is level 1 evidence that supports the efficacy of oral pseudoephedrine (120 mg) in preventing otic barotrauma in adults. However, oral pseudoephedrine (1 mg/kg) does not appear to be effective in children. There is insufficient evidence to support the efficacy of either nasal balloon inflation or pressure-equalizing ear plugs for the prevention of otic barotrauma. A recently reported, novel technique for insertion of temporary tympanostomy tubes is promising but requires further evaluation. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Peter Ryan, BMed, c/o Dr Nicholas Jufas, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; E-mail: peter.john.ryan@gmail.com Financial disclosure: No funding or other support received. The authors disclose no conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2018 by Otology & Neurotology, Inc. Image copyright © 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health/Anatomical Chart Company

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Laryngeal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2018
Source:Journal of Voice
Author(s): Elke Loos, Peter Lemkens, Vincent Vander Poorten, Evelien Humblet, Griet Laureyns
BackgroundLaryngeal involvement in inflammatory bowel disease is rare. Only 12 cases of laryngeal involvement in Crohn disease have been reported until now. Moreover, only one case of laryngeal manifestations in ulcerative colitis has been reported so far.Materials and MethodsIn this article, we present a patient with ulcerative colitis, who consulted our ear, nose, and throat (ENT) clinic with laryngeal complaints. Furthermore, a review of current literature was performed.ResultsA concise overview of this rare extraintestinal manifestation and other ENT manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases is provided.ConclusionsLaryngeal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease are very rare, but these manifestations should be known by the otorhinolaryngologist.



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Sensitization of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-resistant malignant melanomas by quercetin

Malignant melanoma is the most commonly diagnosed skin cancer associated with a high rate of metastasis. Low-stage melanoma is easily treated, but metastatic malignant melanoma is an extremely treatment-resistant malignancy with low survival rates. The application of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (rhTRAIL) for the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma holds considerable promise because of its selective proapoptotic activity towards cancer cells and not nontransformed cells. Unfortunately, the clinical utilization of rhTRAIL has been terminated due to the resistance of many cancer cells to undergo apoptosis in response to rhTRAIL. However, rhTRAIL-resistance can be abrogated through the cotreatment with compounds derived from 'Mother Nature' such as quercetin that can modulate cellular components responsible for rhTRAIL-resistance. Here, we show that rhTRAIL-resistant malignant melanomas are sensitized by quercetin. Quercetin action is manifested by the upregulation of rhTRAIL-binding receptors DR4 and DR5 on the surface of cancer cells and by increased rate of the proteasome-mediated degradation of the antiapoptotic protein FLIP. Our data provide for a new efficient and nontoxic treatment of malignant melanoma. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. https://ift.tt/1hexVwJ Present address: Katherine A. Turner: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA Correspondence to Michael Kalafatis, PhD, Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, 2351 Euclid Avenue, Science and Research Center SR370, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA Tel: +1 216 687 2460; fax: +1 216 687 9298; e-mail: m.kalafatis@csuohio.edu Received August 8, 2017 Accepted February 20, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Targeted ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology for sentinel node diagnostics in early-stage melanoma: a validation study

Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (US-FNAC) is used to evaluate the involvement of lymph nodes in various malignant diseases. Its value in detecting sentinel lymph node (SN) metastasis preoperatively in melanoma patients is controversial and is the subject of this study. In this prospective validation study, 91 consecutive patients with melanoma clinical stage I (n=64) and II (n=27) were examined with US-FNAC before SN biopsy from 2012 to 2014 at a tertiary center. All patients underwent lymphoscintigraphy before the US-FNAC. Lymph nodes that showed any of the Berlin morphologic criteria on ultrasonography were examined using FNAC. The median Breslow thickness of the melanomas was 1.22 mm (range: 0.47–11.5 mm). Twenty-two percent of the patients had metastases in their SNs, 90% of which were smaller than 2 mm in largest diameter. The percentages of metastases with a size more than 1 mm were 50 and 29%, respectively, in the true-positive and false-negative US groups. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for overall US examination were 30, 81, 24, and 83%, respectively. None of the FNACs contained conclusive malignant cells. The specificity of the FNAC was 76%. Our results show that US-FNAC was not a useful diagnostic tool in our setting as it did not add significantly to the staging and management of patients with mainly thin cutaneous melanomas, perhaps because of the often small size of the SN metastases. It may be useful in the early diagnosis of lymph node metastases in a subgroup of melanoma patients with larger metastases. Correspondence to Annette H. Chakera, MD, PhD, Department of Plastic Surgery, Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, Herlev 2730, Denmark Tel: +45 38 682 838; fax: +45 38 683 955;e-mail: annette.hougaard.chakera@regionh.dk Received November 22, 2017 Accepted February 23, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The Effect of Partner Reauditorization on Undergraduates' Attitudes Toward a Peer Who Communicates With Augmentative and Alternative Communication

Purpose

This study compared college students' attitudes toward a peer who used a nonelectronic augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system with and without a partner reauditorization strategy and also examined the effect of reauditorization on reported (a) ease of understanding the peer who used AAC, (b) willingness to engage in interactions with the peer who used AAC, and (c) preferences regarding AAC systems.

Method

Sixty-four participants completed surveys after viewing each of 2 counterbalanced conditions involving a video of a peer who communicated using AAC. Mean survey ratings were compared between conditions.

Results

Participants reported (a) more positive attitudes toward, (b) a greater ease in understanding, and (c) an increased willingness to interact with the peer who used nonelectronic AAC with partner reauditorization. Participants indicated that reauditorization contributed positively to the observed conversation. Reported preferences for nonelectronic AAC systems did not vary as a function of reauditorization, and most participants reported a preference for an electronic speech-generating device when compared with a nonelectronic system.

Conclusion

Partner reauditorization may play a role in improving attitudes that individuals hold about peers who use nonelectronic AAC and may contribute to ease of understanding the aided message and increased likelihood of peer interactions.

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Automated Language Environment Analysis: A Research Synthesis

Purpose

The Language Environment Analysis (LENA^®) represents a breakthrough in automatic speech detection because it makes one's language environment, what adults and children actually hear and say, efficiently measurable. The purpose of this article was to examine (a) current dimensions of LENA research, (b) LENA's sensitivity to differences in populations and language environments, and (c) what has been achieved in closing the Word Gap.

Method

From electronic and human searches, 83 peer-reviewed articles using LENA were identified, and 53 met inclusionary criteria and were included in a systematic literature review. Each article reported results of 1 study.

Results

Originally developed to make natural language research more efficient and feasible, systematic review identified a broad landscape of relevant LENA findings focused primarily on the environments and communications of young children but also older adults and teachers. LENA's automated speech indicators (adult input, adult–child interaction, and child production) and the audio environment were shown to meet high validity standards, including accuracy, sensitivity to individual differences, and differences in populations, settings, contexts within settings, speakers, and languages. Researchers' own analyses of LENA audio recordings have extended our knowledge of microlevel processes in adult–child interaction. To date, intervention research using LENA has consisted of small pilot experiments, primarily on the effects of brief parent education plus quantitative linguistic feedback to parents.

Conclusion

Evidence showed that automated analysis has made a place in the repertoire of language research and practice. Implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.

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