Portable Device (Bruxoff®) to Measure Sleep Bruxism

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Diagnostic Accuracy of a Portable Device (Bruxoff®) to Measure Sleep Bruxism via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Background Diagnosis of sleep bruxism (SB) challenges clinicians every day due to multiple forms of assessment tools available, including self-reported questionnaires, clinical examinations, portable devices, and laboratory polysomnography (PSG). PSG has become the gold standard for evaluating SB but it can be limited due to cost and restricted accessibility which often is characterized by long waiting times. Hence, there is a need for the development of a reliable method that can assess SB in a simple and portable manner, which would offer acceptable sensitivity and specificity to evaluate SB. Objective To investigate reliability and validity of the Bruxoff® device for the diagnosis of SB compared to the PSG. Methods 49 subjects underwent one night of polysomnographic study with simultaneous recording with the Bruxoff® device. Rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) index was scored according to published criteria. Pearson correlation, Bland-Altman plot, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve outcomes were used to quantify the agreement between both methods. Results ROC analysis showed an acceptable accuracy for the Bruxoff® with sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 72% when the cut-off was set at 2 events per hour. Pearson correlation analysis showed a nearly significant correlation between PSG and Bruxoff® for RMMA index (r= .282 p= .071) and for total sleep bruxism episodes per night (r=.295 p=.058). Additionally, the Bland-Altman plot revealed a consistent and systematic difference in the measurement of events between devices. Conclusion The Bruxoff® device appears to be a promising diagnostic method for clinical use but further study is needed. View on Web

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Banter in psychotherapy: Relationship to treatment type, therapeutic alliance, and therapy outcome

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Banter in psychotherapy: Relationship to treatment type, therapeutic alliance, and therapy outcome via Journal of Clinical Psychology Abstract Introduction The use of humor in psychotherapy is widely considered to improve therapy outcomes and typically depends on context, patient sensitivity, and the therapist's humor style. Different types of humor may impact treatment type, therapeutic alliance, and therapy outcome; however, evidence from psychotherapy sessions on the role of banter has been sparse to date. Therefore, the study aims to examine banter in a secondary analysis of psychotherapy sessions. Method The sample consisted of 68 depressed outpatients treated with one of three treatment types: psychoanalytic therapy (PA), psychodynamic therapy (PD), and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Banter and therapeutic alliance were rated for therapy sessions taken from the middle phase of treatment, outcome was assessed at the end of treatment. Results The main findings were (1) clinical examples of banter in psychotherapy were found in 62 from 68 sessions, (2) significantly more bantering in the main bantering category of facilitation for CBT sessions as compared to other treatment types, (3) facilitative banter as a significant predictor for the positive introject, (4) a significant correlation between bantering and bond between therapist and client. Furthermore, based on these results, psychometric properties of the Klagenfurt Bantering Instrument (KBI) are reported. Conclusion From a bantering perspective, this study emphasizes the need to consider session context, client response, and sarcastic markers when categorizing negative banter using the KBI. View on Web

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Prediction and validation of microbial community function from normal pulp to pulpitis caused by deep dentinal caries

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prediction and validation of microbial community function from normal pulp to pulpitis caused by deep dentinal caries via International Endodontic Journal Abstract Introduction Microbial function changes may be responsible for dental pulp transformation from normal to diseased. However, studies on the prediction and verification of the function of the microbial community in the deep dentine and pulp of caries-induced pulpitis are lacking. Methods This study included 171 cases of deep dentinal caries divided into normal pulp (NP), reversible pulpitis (RP), and irreversible pulpitis (IRP). In Experiment I, the microbial-community composition was identified in 111 samples using 16S ribosomal DNA. Function prediction was performed through phylogenetic investigation of communities by PICRUSt prediction and qPCR. In Experiment II, different microbiome functions were confirmed in 60 samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results In Experiment I, microbial abundance significantly differed in the IRP group compared to the other two groups. The RP and NP groups had the same microbiome composition, but the predicted functional difference between the RP and NP groups pertained to membrane transport (P<0.010). The predicted functional difference between the IRP and NP groups pertained to amino-acid, co-factor, and vitamin metabolism (P<0.010). In Experiment II, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional annotation revealed that the differential metabolites between the RP and NP groups did not participate in membrane transport; however, the differential metabolites between the IRP and NP groups participated in amino-acid metabolism. Conclusions The near-pulp microbiome in RP and NP with deep dentinal caries had the same differential function. However, amino acid metabolism in near the pulp microbial community differed between IRP and NP with deep dentinal caries. View on Web

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Office‐Based Treatment of Vocal Fold Polyps and Reinke's Edema: A Rational Comparison With Suspension Laryngoscopy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Office‐Based Treatment of Vocal Fold Polyps and Reinke's Edema: A Rational Comparison With Suspension Laryngoscopy via The Laryngoscope Benign laryngeal lesions have traditionally been treated surgically through suspension laryngoscopy. In the present study, we report comparable vocal results with an office-based transnasal endoscopic approach with a fiber laser capable of providing favorable morbidity and reduced operation times. Objective Benign laryngeal lesions have traditionally been treated through suspension laryngoscopy under general anesthesia (GA). Recently, the development of operative videoendoscopes coupled with photoangiolytic lasers has allowed clinicians to treat these conditions in the outpatient clinic. We report our experience in the office-based (OB) setting for the treatment of patients affected by vocal fold polyps (VFPs) and Reinke's edema (RE), comparing it to patients treated under GA. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients affected by VFP or RE. A 445 nm diode blue laser was used through the operative channel of a flexible video-endoscope for OB procedures, while GA surgeries were carried out with cold steel instrumentation. The Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) represented the primary outcome. Endoscopic outcomes, duration, and morbidity of the procedures were investigated as secondary outcomes. Results A total of 153 patients were retrospectively enrolled. 52 were treated in an OB setting, while 91 underwent GA. Regarding patients with RE, both the OB and GA cohorts showed a significant improvement in VHI-10 (from 12.7 to 2.6 and 19.5 to 5.1, respectively; p < 0.001), as did those with VFPs (from 11.8 to 2.3 and 15.9 to 2.9 respectively; p < 0.001). No differences were found when comparing VHI-10 in the OB and GA cohorts. The mean procedural time of OB treatment (4.9 min) was significantly shorter than GA (37.1 min). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion Our data demonstrate the efficacy and safety of the OB setting. For selected patients, OB treatments offer comparable vocal outcomes, favorable morbidity, and reduced operation times, making them an appealing alternative to the traditional approach. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2023 View on Web

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vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A real‐world exploratory study on the feasibility of vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin‐containing therapies via Helicobacter Abstract Background The treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a challenge for those who cannot use amoxicillin. Objective To evaluate the eradication rate and adverse effects of vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy as first-line and rescue treatment regimens used in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies. Design Patients enrolled were those who were H. pylori-positive with selected conditions: (1) allergic to penicillin, either naïve to treatment or had failed before; or (2) failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies. All enrolled patients accepted 14-day vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy (VT dual therapy) as follows: vonoprazan (20 mg b.i.d.) and tetracycline (500 mg t.i.d. [body weight < 70 kg] or 500 mg q.i.d. [body weight ≥ 70 kg]). H. pylori status was evaluated by 13C-urease breath test 6 weeks after treatment. All adverse effects were recorded. Some patients underwent bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results A total of 62 patients were enrolled; 18 of them received VT dual therapy as first-line treatment, 44 patients received VT dual therapy as rescue treatment. Overall, 58 of 62 patients achieved successful eradication (93.5%), while all involved (100%,18/18) succeeded in the first-line treatment group and 40 cases (90.9%, 40/44) succeeded in the rescue treatment group. Sixty-one (61/62, 98.4%) patients completed the whole course of treatment. Adverse events occurred in 6 patients (6/62, 9.7%), while one patient quit because of skin rash. All adverse effects were mild and relieved spontaneously after H. pylori treatment. Five patients achieved successful H. pylori culture, and all strains isolated were sensitive to tetracycline. Conclusions For the treatment of H. pylori infection in special populations with penicillin allergy or failed in previous amoxicillin-containing therapies, a 14-day vonoprazan and tetracycline dual therapy was effective and safe as first-line and rescue treatment in our study. Further study is warranted to verify its efficacy, especially for those who cannot use amoxicillin. View on Web

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Cholinergic Boutons are Distributed Along the Dendrites and Somata of VIP Neurons in the Inferior Colliculus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Cholinergic Boutons are Distributed Along the Dendrites and Somata of VIP Neurons in the Inferior Colliculus via JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology via MedWorm.com AbstractCholinergic signaling shapes sound processing and plasticity in the inferior colliculus (IC), the midbrain hub of the central auditory system, but how cholinergic terminals contact and influence individual neuron types in the IC remains largely unknown. Using pharmacology and electrophysiology, we recently found that acetylcholine strongly excites VIP neurons, a class of glutamatergic principal neurons in the IC, by activating α3β4* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Here, we confirm and extend these results using tissue from mice of both sexes. First, we show that mRNA encoding α3 and β4 nAChR subunits is expressed in many neurons throughout the IC, including most VIP neurons, suggesting that these subunits, which are rare in the brain, are important mediators of chol... View on Web

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