The impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on late irradiation injury in oral microcirculation

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on late irradiation injury in oral microcirculation Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Late side effects of radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer (HNCPs) result in decreased tissue vascularity, a compromised healing capacity and spontaneous breakdown of tissue. The aim of this study was to examine the in vivo effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on the microcirculation in irradiated oral tissue. Methods Using a handheld microscope, the effect of HBOT on oral mucosal microcirculation parameters was measured in 34 previously irradiated HNCPs prior to HBOT and at 4 weeks and 6 months posttreatment. Results A significant increase in mean buccal vessel density and decrease in buccal vessel diameter was found 6 months after HBOT compared to baseline, 22 ± 11 versus 25 ± 7 cpll/mm2 (p < 0.05) and 20 ± 4 versus 16 ± 5 μm (p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion Our results indicate that oral microcirculation histopathology associated with irradiation is able to respond to HBOT by redirecting oral microcirculation parameters towards values consistent with healthy tissue. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Postoperative consequences of cancer cachexia after head and neck free flap reconstruction

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Postoperative consequences of cancer cachexia after head and neck free flap reconstruction Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Cachexia is detrimental for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). However, postoperative consequences of HNC cachexia remain unknown. Methods A 2014–2019 retrospective review was performed of adults undergoing aerodigestive HNC resection with free tissue reconstruction. Propensity score matching using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) of cachectic and control groups was employed to adjust for covariate imbalances followed by binary logistic regression on postoperative outcomes. Results Out of 252 total patients, 135 (53.6%) had cancer cachexia. The cohort was predominantly white (94.4%) males (65.1%) aged 61.5 ± 11.5 years with stage III–IV (84.1%) malignancy of the oral cavity (66.3%). After matching cohort pre- and intra-operative covariates using IPTW, cancer cachexia remained a strong, significant predictor of serious National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) complications (OR [95%CI] = 3.84 [1.80–8.21]) and major Clavien-Dindo complications (OR [95%CI] = 3.00 [1.18–7.60]). Conclusions Cancer cachexia is associated with worse HNC free flap reconstruction outcomes. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Laryngotracheal stenosis: Mechanistic review

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Laryngotracheal stenosis: Mechanistic review Via Head & Neck Abstract Background The purpose of this review article is to summarize the existing literature surrounding wound healing mechanisms in laryngotracheal stenosis. Methods A review of general wound healing pathophysiology, followed by a focused review of iatrogenic laryngotracheal stenosis (iLTS) and idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) as conditions of aberrant wound healing. Results iLTS is the scarring of the laryngotracheal complex, coming secondary to injury from prolonged intubation. iSGS is a chronic fibroinflammatory scarring and narrowing of the subglottic airway in the absence of any obvious preceding injury or trauma. They are both thought to result from a prolonged and dysregulated wound healing response that promotes the deposition of pathologic scar in the airway. Conclusions Understanding the mechanisms that underlie wound healing will help identify and intervene on the process early in its development and discover future therapies that target individual wound healing mechanisms limiting the incidence of this recalcitrant disease process. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Efficacy of the systemic co-administration of vitamin D3 in reversing the inhibitory effects of sodium alendronate on orthodontic tooth movement: A preliminary experimental animal study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy of the systemic co-administration of vitamin D3 in reversing the inhibitory effects of sodium alendronate on orthodontic tooth movement: A preliminary experimental animal study Via American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Publication date: Available online 29 April 2022 Source: American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Author(s): Mehrnaz Moradinejad, Marzie Yazdi, Seyed Ali Mard, Seyed Mohammad Razavi, Milad Shamohammadi, Fatemeh Shahsanaei, Vahid Rakhshan View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The effectiveness of esketamine and propofol versus dezocine and propofol sedation during gastroscopy: A randomized controlled study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The effectiveness of esketamine and propofol versus dezocine and propofol sedation during gastroscopy: A randomized controlled study Via Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics This is a flow diagram showing enrollment of participants. A total of 102 patients were enrolled in this study from October to November 2021, 15 patients were excluded, and 87 patients were randomly assigned to receive esketamine or dezocine, but 83 patients completed the study finally (esketamine group n = 42, dezocine group n = 41). Abstract What Is Known and Objective Propofol is widely used in painless gastroscopy. However, sedation with propofol alone might increase the risk of respiratory and circulatory complications. This randomized clinical study compares the efficacy and safety of esketamine or dezocine combined with intravenous (IV) propofol in patients undergoing gastroscopy. Methods A total of 102 patients were enrolled in this study and randomized into two groups. All patients were adults aged 18–64 years who underwent upper gastrointestinal gastroscopy. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups to receive esketamine (0.3 mg/kg) combined with propofol (group E) or dezocine (0.05 mg/kg) combined with propofol (group D). In both groups, the drugs were administered intravenously. The primary outcome was the dose of propofol which provided a satisfactory sedative effect, both to the endoscopist and the patients. Secondary outcomes included recovery time, side effects (such as hypotension, nausea and vomiting and agitation), and the number of adverse circulatory and respiratory events. Results Data of 83 patients were analysed in the present study. Dosage of propofol required in group E (1.44 mg/kg ± 0.67 mg/kg) was significantly lower compared with that in group D (2.12 mg/kg ± 0.37 mg/kg) (p < 0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in recovery time, side effects, and the frequency of sedation-related adverse events between the two groups. What Is New and Conclusion The study indicates that intravenous injection of propofol and esmketamine is more effective for gastroscopy. Use of esketamine reduces the total amount of propofol required in ASA I–II patients undergoing gastroscopy compared with single use of dezocine. It also provides more stable hemodynamics, without affecting the recovery time and side effects such as respiratory and circulatory adverse events. Trial Registration The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; registration number: ChiCTR2100051814) on 05/10/2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Level Ib CTV delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on lymph node distribution and topographic anatomy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Level Ib CTV delineation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on lymph node distribution and topographic anatomy Via radiotheraphy Publication date: Available online 29 April 2022 Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology Author(s): Yue Zhao, Xiongfei Liao, Yiling Wang, Wanying Lan, Jing Ren, Ningjing Yang, Churong Li, Jingyi Lang, Shichuan Zhang View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Linear mixed model analysis to evaluate correlations between remdesivir adverse effects with age and gender of patients with mild Covid‐19 pneumonia

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Linear mixed model analysis to evaluate correlations between remdesivir adverse effects with age and gender of patients with mild Covid‐19 pneumonia Via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract We aimed to assess longitudinal changes in clinical indexes of Covid-19 patients with mild pulmonary infection during 5 days of remdesivir therapy, and determine the effect of age and gender on remdesivir adverse effects (AE). Patients' clinical data including inflammatory markers, liver and renal function tests, and heart rate (HR) were extracted from medical records. Linear mixed model (LMM) was used to analyze longitudinal changes in patients' clinical indexes. Gender and age were inserted in LMM as covariates to find their correlation with AE and clinical indexes. Of 84 patients, 35 patients met our criteria for the study. There were significant increases in mean levels of white blood cell (WBC) (p=0.005), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p=0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p=0.001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p=0.001), and creatinine (p=0.006) while mean levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p=0.005), C-reactive protein (CRP) (p=0.001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p=0.001), and potassium (p=0.003) decreased, significantly. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p=0.001) and HR (p=0.001) showed a notable decline over the course of treatment. LMM analysis showed that mean changes in WBC (β=0.94, p=0.029), creatinine (β=0.12, p=0.020), and HR (β=6.47, p=0.008) were greater in males than females. Also, age of patients had a significant effect on the mean changes of WBC (β= -0.02, p=0.023), sodium (β= -0.06, p=0.010), BUN (β=0.23, p=0.001), and HR (β= -0.29, p=0.001). Despite no renal and liver dysfunction, Covid-19 patients with mild pulmonary infection may develop some remdesivir AE, and attributed side effects might be affected by gender and age of patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

HIV is associated with elevated FibroScan-AST (FAST) score

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader HIV is associated with elevated FibroScan-AST (FAST) score Via Clinical Infectious Diseases Advance Access Abstract Background & Aims Whether HIV infection is associated with the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) remains unclear. The FibroScan-AST (FAST) score was developed to identify patients who have histologic NASH with high nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score (NAS≥4) and significant liver fibrosis (≥F2), which has been associated with higher risk of end-stage liver disease. We examined whether HIV infection is associated with elevated FAST score in a large United States (US) cohort. Approach Vibration controlled transient elastography was performed in 1309 women without history of chronic viral hepatitis enrolled from 10 US sites: 928 women living with HIV (WLWH) and 381 women living without HIV (WLWOH). We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate associations of HIV, demographic, lifestyle, and metabolic factors with an elevated (>0.35) FAST score. Results Median age of WLWH and WLWOH was 51 years and 48 years, respectively. Most (90%) WLWH were on antiretroviral therapy and 72% had undetectable HIV RNA. Prevalence of elevated FAST score was higher among WLWH compared to WLWOH, 6.3% vs 1.8% (p=0.001). On multivariable analysis, HIV infection was associated with 3.7-fold higher odds of elevated FAST score (p=0.002) and greater waist circumference (per 10 cm) was associated with 1.7-fold higher odds (p<0.001). In analysis limited to WLWH, undetectable HIV RNA and current protease inhibitor use were independently associated with lower odds of elevated FAST score. Conclusions Our findings suggest that HIV is an independent risk factor for NASH with significant activity and fibrosis. Studies validating FAST score in persons living with HIV are warranted. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Gratitude, relatedness needs satisfaction, and negative psychological outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A short‐term longitudinal study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Gratitude, relatedness needs satisfaction, and negative psychological outcomes during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A short‐term longitudinal study Via Journal of Clinical Psychology Abstract Objectives Although gratitude relates to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) well-being outcomes in the United States, more evidence is needed to understand how this psychological strength reciprocally relates to mental health during this pandemic. This study examines the association of gratitude with stress, anxiety, and depression among undergraduate students in the United States via a longitudinal design. Methods An online survey was administered to 643 undergraduate students in a public university located in the southeastern region of the United States. There was a 1-month interval between the first and second waves of data collection. Results Cross-lagged panel structural equation modeling showed that whereas gratitude positively predicted subsequent relatedness needs satisfaction, it negatively predicted later stress, anxiety, and depression. Relatedness needs satisfaction was reciprocally linked to subsequent gratitude. Conclusion Results suggest that gratitude might serve as a protective psychological resource against the detrimental mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Investigating the efficacy of attentional bias modification on individuals with spider phobia through the emotional attention network test

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Investigating the efficacy of attentional bias modification on individuals with spider phobia through the emotional attention network test Via Journal of Clinical Psychology Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the attention network function of spider phobics before and after attentional bias modification (ABM) through conduction of an emotional attention network test (eANT). Methods Scores from an eANT, an approach–avoidance task, and various scales were used to examine the training effect of a single ABM session among participants (30 individuals with spider phobia and 30 controls). Results At baseline, alertness scores in response to spider images were higher in the phobia group than in the control group (x̄ = 51.81 vs. 30.35 ms). After ABM, this score decreased in the phobia group, indicating their lower susceptibility to distraction by images of spiders. However, ABM training did not considerably alleviate their fear of and avoidance behavior toward spiders. Conclusion This study elucidates the (1) vigilance–avoidance pattern among individuals with spider phobia when encountering spider-related stimuli and (2) change in underlying attentional mechanisms after ABM training. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

PET2 response associated with survival in newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results of two independent prospective cohorts

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader PET2 response associated with survival in newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: results of two independent prospective cohorts Via Blood Cancer Journal - Issue - nature.com science feeds View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hydroxyl radical is predominantly involved in oxidatively generated base damage to cellular DNA exposed to ionizing radiation

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Hydroxyl radical is predominantly involved in oxidatively generated base damage to cellular DNA exposed to ionizing radiation Via International Journal of Radiation Biology: Table of Contents: Taylor and Francis . View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.