Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Κυριακή 5 Φεβρουαρίου 2023

Monkeypox keratoconjunctivitis with associated Wessley immune ring in an immunocompetent patient

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

ABSTRACT

Monkeypox is a neglected zoonotic disease caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a double-stranded DNA virus of the genus Orthopoxvirus. Here we present a case report of a 32-year-old man with MPXV infection who developed keratoconjunctivitis and Wessley immune ring with no identifiable cause other than ocular involvement by MPXV. We highlight the need of ophthalmologists exploring any ocular symptoms in MPXV-infected individuals.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Discovery of Isojacareubin as a covalent inhibitor of SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease using structural and experimental approaches

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

The ongoing pandemic with the emergence of immune evasion potential and particularly the current omicron sub variants intensified the situation further. Although vaccine are available but the immune evasion capabilities of the recent variants demand further efficient therapeutic choices to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Hence, considering the necessity of the small molecule inhibitor we target the main protease (3CLpro) which is an appealing target for the development of anti-viral drugs against the SARS-CoV-2. High-throughput molecular in silico screening of South African natural compounds database (SANCDB) reported as Isojacareubin and Glabranin the potential inhibitors for main protease. The calculated docking scores were reported to be -8.47 kcal/mol and -8.03 kcal/mol respectively. Moreover, the structural-dynamic assessment reported that Isojacareubin in complex with 3CLpro exhibit more stable dynamic behaviour than Glabranin. Inhibition assay indicated that Isojacareubin could inhibit SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 16.00±1.35 μM (60-min incubation). Next, the covalent binding sites of Isojacareubin on SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro was identified by biomass spectrometry which reported that Isojacareubin can covalently bind to thiols or Cysteine through Michael addition. To evaluate the inactivation potency of Isojacareubin, the inactivation kinetics was further investigated. The inactivation kinetic curves were plotted according to various concentrations with gradient-ascending incubation times. The K I value of Isojacareubin was determined as 30.71 μM, while the K inact value was calculated as 0.054 min-1. These results suggest that Isojacareubin is a covalent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Characteristics of Adults Undergoing Soft Tissue and Orthognathic Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
Characteristics of Adults Undergoing Soft Tissue and Orthognathic Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Of those with obstructive sleep apnea, unique clinical and demographic characteristics were identified in those who underwent soft tissue and orthognathic sleep surgery. Trends in palate-related surgery, as well as the proportion that was female, were examined over time.


Objective

To identify clinical and demographic characteristics of adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing soft tissue and orthognathic sleep surgery, assess temporal trends in surgery type and proportion of women undergoing surgery, and provide clinical perspective before wide-spread implementation of hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS).

Methods

In a retrospective cohort study, adults diagnosed with OSA from 2009 to 2016 were identified in a large integrated healthcare system. Characteristics between cohort members who did and did not undergo sleep surgeries were compared. Multivariable logistic regression models examined associations of different characteristics with whether surgery was performed.

Results

Of 172,216 adults with OSA, 2,262 (1.3%) underwent sleep surgery during 2009–2017. The most common sleep surgery was palate surgery (56.9%), which decreased proportionately over time. In multivariable analysis, older age and obesity were associated with lower odds of undergoing surgery. Those who underwent tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy were more likely to have larger tonsils and not require additional surgery, whereas tongue reduction recipients were more likely to have severe OSA and require multiple surgery types. The proportion of women undergoing surgery increased over time (p < 0.001 from trend test).

Conclusion

Clinical and demographic characteristics associated with soft tissue and orthognathic sleep surgery were identified in a large adult cohort prior to widespread implementation of HGNS. An increase in sleep surgery among women and a decrease in palate surgery over time were observed. The findings provide clinical perspective on sleep surgery performed prior to implementation of HGNS and may inform future studies examining its associations with patient characteristics.

Level of Evidence

3 Laryngoscope, 2023
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

α‐KG Up‐regulates Autophagic Activity in Peri‐implant Environment and Enhances Dental Implant Osseointegration in Osteoporotic Mice

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

Aim

The osseointegration of dental implants is impaired among patients with osteoporosis, leading to significantly higher failure rate. This study set out to investigate the potential effects of alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) on implant osseointegration in an osteoporotic mouse model.

Material and Methods

Female C57BL/6 mice received ovariectomy and bilateral first maxillary molars extraction at the age of seven weeks. Dental implants were inserted eight weeks after tooth extraction. In one of the groups, α-KG was administered via drinking water throughout the experiment period. Specimens were collected on post-implant day (PID) 3, 7, 14, and 21 for micro-CT, histological and immunohistochemical analyses. At the same time, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) treated with α-KG were interrogated for osteogenic differentiation, autophagic activity, and apoptosis.

Results

α-KG supplement in drinking water resulted in enhanced dental implant osseointegration in ovariectomized mice, with upregulated osteogenic and autophagic activity and downregulated osteoclast differentiation and cell apoptosis. α-KG treated BMMSCs demonstrated enhanced activity in proliferation, survival, colony formation, osteogenic differentiation, as well as autophagic activity.

Conclusions

Systemic α-KG supplement effectively prevents the failure of dental implant osseointegration in mice under an osteoporotic state.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Longitudinal Trends in 30-Day Mortality Between Multi-Site and Single-Site Surgeons

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
imageBackground: Quality leaders are concerned that creation of multi-hospital health systems may lead to surgeons traveling to and from distant hospitals and thus to more fragmented surgical care and worse outcomes for their patients. Despite this concern, little empirical data exist on outcomes of multi-site versus single-site surgeons. Methods: Using national Medicare data, we assessed trends in the number of multi-site vs. single-site surgeons from 2011 to 2016. We performed a multivariable regression analysis to compare overall 30-day mortality differences, stratified by system and rural status, and examined trends over time. Results: The number of multi-site surgeons and the percentage of multi-site surgeons per hospital decreased over time (24.2%–19.0%; 44.3%–41.8%). Overall, multi-site surgeons had lower 30-day mortality than single-site surgeons (2.24% vs 2.50%, P
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

68Ga-FAPI PET/MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Case With Extensive Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
image18F-FDG PET/CT has been reported to be useful in differentiating tumor thrombus and bland thrombus. There are few reports on 68Ga-FAPI PET imaging features of tumor thrombus. Herein, we report a 46-year-old man with extensive tumor thrombus in the portal vein due to hepatic malignancy on 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI PET/MRI.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging Post Heart Transplantation Depicts High Accumulation at Sites of Previous Ventricular Assist Device Insertion

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
imageA 37-year-old man with previous heart transplantation for dilated cardiomyopathy underwent screening for malignancy under posttransplantation immunosuppression. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed uptake in 2 peritoneal sites of the pericardium that corresponded to the insertion sites of a left ventricular assist device that was used before transplantation. Additional abnormal uptake in the right axillary artery, aortic arch, and left femoral artery corresponded to the insertion sites for arterial inflow during cardiopulmonary bypass. Knowledge that FDG accumulation may occur at the insertion sites of an extracorporeal-circulatio n device enables unnecessary tests to be avoided.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

HBsAg (‐)/HBsAb (‐)/HBeAg (‐)/HBeAb (+)/HBcAb (+) predicts a high risk of hepatitis B reactivation in patients with B‐cell lymphoma receiving rituximab based immunochemotherapy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

Patterns of hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBV-R) in HBsAg (-)/HBcAb (+) patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) receiving rituximab based immunochemotherapy have not been well described. The retrospective study included 222 HBsAg (-)/HBcAb (+) NHL patients as training cohort and 127 cases as validation cohort. The incidence of HBV-R in HBsAg (-)/HBcAb (+) B-cell NHL patients was 6.3% (14/222), of which that in HBsAg (-)/HBsAb (-)/HBeAg (-)/HBeAb (+)/HBcAb (+) population was 23.7% (9/38). Multivariate analysis showed that HBsAg (-)/HBsAb (-)/HBeAg (-)/HBeAb (+)/HBcAb (+) correlated with a high risk of HBV-R in B-cell lymphoma patients (training phase HR, 10.123; 95% CI, 3.389 to 30.239; P < 0.001; validation phase HR, 18.619; 95% CI, 1.684 to 205.906; P = 0.017; combined HR, 12.264; 95% CI, 4.529-33.207; P < 0.001). The mortality rate of HBsAg (-)/HBcAb (+) B-cell NHL caused by HBV-R was 14.3% (2/14) while that for HBV reactivated HBsAg (-)/HBsAb (-)/HBeAg (-)/HBeAb (+)/HBcAb (+) population was up to 44.4% (4/9). As a high incidence of HBV-R and high mortality after HBV-R was found in HBsAg (-)/HBsAb (-)/HBcAb (+)/HBeAg (-)/HBeAb (+) patients with B-cell NHL receiving rituximab based immunochemotherapy, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended for these patients.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

A high prevalence of neutrophil‐specific antibodies in ELANE‐mutated severe congenital neutropenia

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

An assay for neutrophil-specific antibodies is frequently used in the workup of chronic severe neutropenia and is suggestive of autoimmune, or sporadically alloimmune neutropenia, rather than severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). We analyzed a neutropenia consortium database for the outcomes of antibody testing initiated before receiving genetic diagnosis in Polish SCN cohort. Test results, performed in a single reference laboratory, were available for 14 patients with ELANE-mutated SCN or cyclic neutropenia, and were frequently positive (36%). We note that the trigger for genetic studies in severe neutropenia should not be affected by antibody-positivity and should be clinically driven.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Differences in morphology of temporomandibular joint ankylosis of traumatic and infective origin

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
The aim of this study was to determine whether there are any differences in morphology between temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) of traumatic and infective origin. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 25 patients (28 joints) with TMJA of traumatic origin (trauma group) and 15 patients (15 joints) with TMJA of infectious origin (infection group) were included. The following morphological parameters were evaluated on multiple sections of the CBCT scans: lateral juxta-articular bone growth, residual condyle, residual glenoid fossa, ramus thickening, ankylotic mass fusion line, sclerosis of the ankylosed condyle and spongiosa of the glenoid fossa, and mastoid and glenoid fossa air cell obliteration. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Guidance on the use of convalescent plasma to treat immunocompromised patients with COVID-19

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
Abstract
COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) is a safe and effective treatment for COVID-19 in immune compromised (IC) patients. IC patients have a higher risk of persistent infection, severe disease and death from COVID-19. Despite the continued clinical use of CCP to treat IC patients, the optimal dose, frequency/schedule, and duration of CCP treatment has yet to be determined, and related best practices guidelines are lacking. A group of individuals with expertise spanning infectious diseases, virology and transfusion medicine was assembled to render an expert opinion statement pertaining to the use of CCP for IC patients. For optimal effect, CCP should be recently and locally collected to match circulating variant. CCP should be considered for the treatment of IC patients with acute and protracted COVID-19; dosage depends on clinical setting (acute vs protracted COVID-19). CCP containing high-titer SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, retains activity against circul ating SARS-CoV-2 variants, which have otherwise rendered monoclonal antibodies ineffective.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Εγγραφή σε: Αναρτήσεις (Atom)