Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Τρίτη 19 Ιουλίου 2022

Cancer cells corrupt normal epithelial cells through miR-let-7c-rich small extracellular vesicle-mediated downregulation of p53/PTEN

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

41368_2022_192_Fig1_HTML.png

International Journal of Oral Science, Published online: 19 July 2022; doi:10.1038/s41368-022-00192-2

Cancer cells corrupt normal epithelial cells through miR-let-7c-rich small extracellular vesicle-mediated downregulation of p53/PTEN
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Comparative study of DFAT cell and ADSC sheets for periodontal tissue regeneration:in vivo and in vitro evidence

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

Aim

To compare the efficacy of adipocyte-derived dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cell and adipose-derived stromal cell (ADSC) sheets for regenerative treatment of intrabony periodontal defects.

Material and Methods

DFAT cells were obtained using the ceiling culture method and were compared with ADSCs using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), colony formation assay, surface antigen identification, and multilineage differentiation assays. DFAT and ADSC sheets were prepared in cell sheet culture medium. The biological characteristics of DFAT cell and ADSC sheets were compared using haematoxylin and eosin staining, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and immunofluorescence staining. Micro-computed tomography and histological staining were used to compare the effects of the two cell sheets on the repair of periodontal intrabony defects in rats.

Results

DFAT cells and ADSCs demonstrated mesenchymal stem cell characteristics. Both cell type were CD29-, CD90-, and CD146-positive and CD31-, CD34-, and CD45-negative. DFAT cells and ADSCs exhibited similar osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capabilities, and colony-formation ability. DFAT cells displayed stronger proliferation capabilities compared to ADSCs. Compared with the ADSC sheets, DFAT cell sheets exhibited a higher expression of periodontal-related genes and proteins and greater ability to regenerate periodontal tissue.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that DFAT cell sheets are an ideal seed cell source and form of cell delivery for periodontal intrabony defects.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

TREM2‐induced activation of microglia contributes to synaptic integrity in cognitively intact aged individuals with Alzheimer's neuropathology

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
TREM2-induced activation of microglia contributes to synaptic integrity in cognitively intact aged individuals with Alzheimer's neuropathology

Efficient TREM2-phagocytic microglia underlie synaptic resilience in NDAN, removing damaged synpases, contributing to synaptic integrity and protecting from memory deficits.


Abstract

The existence of individuals who remain cognitively intact despite presenting histopathological signs of Alzheimer's disease (AD), here referred to as "Nondemented with AD neuropathology" (NDAN), suggests that some mechanisms are triggered to resist cognitive impairment. Exposed phosphatidylserine (ePS) represents a neuronal "eat-me" signal involved in microglial-mediated phagocytosis of damaged synapses. A possible mediator of this process is TREM2, a microglial surface receptor activated by ligands including PS. Based on TREM2 role in the scavenging function of microglia, we hypothesize that an efficient microglial phagocytosis of damaged synapses underlies synaptic resilience in NDAN, thus protecting from memory deficits. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we performed a comparative study of human post-mortem frontal cortices of aged-matched, AD and NDAN individuals. We studied the distribution of activated microglia (IBA1, IBA1+/CD68+ cells) and phagocytic microglia-related proteins (TREM2, DAP12), demonstrating higher microglial activation and TREM2 expression in NDAN versus AD. A study of the preservation of synapses around plaques, assessed using MAP2 and βIII tubulin as dendritic and axonal markers, respectively, and PSD95 as a postsynaptic marker, revealed preserved axonal/dendritic structure around plaques in NDAN versus AD. Moreover, high levels of PSD95 around NDAN plaques and the colocalization of PSD95 with CD68 indicated a prompt removal of damaged synapses by phagocytic microglia. Furthermore, Annexin V assay on aged-matched, AD and NDAN individuals synaptosomes revealed increased levels of ePS in NDAN, confirming damaged synapses engulfment. Our results suggest a higher efficiency of TREM2-induced phagocytic microglia in removing damaged synapses, underlying synaptic resilience in NDAN individuals.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Ridge augmentation using autologous concentrated growth factors enriched bone graft matrix versus guided bone regeneration using native collagen membrane in horizontally deficient maxilla: A randomized clinical trial

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

Background

Facial resorption of maxillary alveolar ridges is a challenging situation for implant rehabilitation, which mandates a preparatory surgery of bone augmentation. Guided bone regeneration using a 1:1 mixture of autogenous particulate and anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) showed reliable outcomes in treating horizontally deficient ridges.

Methods

Twenty-eight patients were randomly assigned into two groups; in the control group, the 1:1 mixture of particulate autogenous bone and ABBM was covered with native collagen membrane, while in the study group, it was mixed with autologous fibrin glue (AFG) to make a sticky bone that was covered by concentrated growth factor (CGF) membrane. For each proposed implant site, the average bone width gain was calculated preoperatively, immediately after augmentation and after 6 months. Implants were placed after 6 months and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured after insertion and after 6 more months.

Results

The graft consolidation period went uneventful in both groups; however, two cases in the sticky bone group showed total resorption of the graft upon re-entry. The mean horizontal bone width after 6 months was 9 mm ± 0.71 in the guided bone regeneration (GBR) group which was higher than 7.9 mm ± 0.92 for the sticky bone group. The mean primary stability was higher in the GBR group; 67.19 ± 2.23 compared to 66.7 ± 3.22 for the sticky bone group, while the mean secondary stability was higher in the sticky bone group; 72 ± 2.15 compared to 71.7 ± 2.27 for the GBR group. Results of Shapiro–Wilk's for bone width data and model residuals were both statistically not significant (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Comparing CGF membrane versus native collagen membrane as barriers for GBR showed no statistically significant difference regarding bone gain. However, from a clinical point of view, CGF membrane is not a predictable barrier for guided bone regeneration.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in advanced non‐squamous non‐small cell lung cancer: Treatment response, survival pattern, and safety

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
Camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: Treatment response, survival pattern, and safety

This study retrospectively analysed 31 driver-gene-negative advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received a 21-day therapy cycle for four cycles of camrelizumab (intravenous injection, 200 mg/cycle) plus carboplatin and pemetrexed (CP) chemotherapy, followed by maintenance therapy using camrelizumab or pemetrexed or camrelizumab plus pemetrexed. Another 40 patients who underwent CP chemotherapy were retrieved as control group. Interestingly, objective response rate (ORR) was elevated in camrelizumab plus CP group compared to CP group (58.1% vs. 32.5%), while disease control rate (DCR) was of no difference between those two groups (83.9% vs. 72.5%). Camrelizumab plus CP achieved a prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) compared with CP alone (11.0 (95% CI: 9.1–12.9) months versus 7.2 (95% CI: 5.1–9.3) months), also realized an increasing overall survival (OS) trend (without statistical significance; 19.3 (95% CI: 15.4–23.2) months versu s 15.1 (95% CI: 13.9–16.3) months). Further multivariate Cox's regression analysis exhibited that camrelizumab plus CP (vs. CP) independently related to prolonged PFS and OS. Moreover, the most common adverse events related to camrelizumab plus CP were fatigue (45.2%), peripheral neuropathy (35.5%), nausea and vomiting (35.5%); furthermore, most adverse events were controllable. Collectively, camrelizumab plus chemotherapy exhibits good efficacy and manageable adverse events in treating advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients.


Abstract

What is known and objective

Camrelizumab, a humanized monoclonal programmed cell death protein-1 antibody independently developed by China, is introduced as a treatment selection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus chemotherapy in treating advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients.

Methods

This study retrospectively analysed 31 driver-gene-negative advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients who received a 21-day therapy cycle for four cycles of camrelizumab (intravenous injection, 200 mg/cycle) plus carboplatin and pemetrexed (CP) chemotherapy, followed by maintenance therapy using camrelizumab or pemetrexed or camrelizumab plus pemetrexed. Another 40 patients who underwent CP chemotherapy were retrieved as control group.

Results and discussion

The objective response rate (ORR) was elevated in camrelizumab plus CP group compared to CP group (58.1% vs. 32.5%, p = 0.031), while disease control rate (DCR) was of no difference between those two groups (83.9% vs. 72.5%, p = 0.255). Camrelizumab plus CP achieved a prolonged PFS compared with CP alone (median: 11.0 (95% CI: 9.1–12.9) months versus 7.2 (95% CI: 5.1–9.3) months, p = 0.026), also realized an increasing OS trend (without statistical significance; 19.3 (95% CI: 15.4–23.2) months versus 15.1 (95% CI: 13.9–16.3) months, p = 0.093). Further multivariate Cox's regression analysis exhibited that camrelizumab plus CP (vs. CP) independently related to prolonged PFS (p < 0.001) and OS (p = 0.027). Moreover, the most common adverse events related to camrelizumab plus CP were fatigue (45.2%), peripheral neuropathy (35.5%), nausea and vomiting (35.5%); furthermore, most a dverse events were controllable.

What is new and conclusion

Camrelizumab plus chemotherapy exhibits good efficacy and manageable adverse events in treating advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Documentation in Pediatric Microlaryngoscopy/Bronchoscopy: International Modified Delphi Consensus

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader
Documentation in Pediatric Microlaryngoscopy/Bronchoscopy: International Modified Delphi Consensus

Pediatric microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy is a common procedure where adequate documentation is crucial for patient care and medicolegal purposes. There is significant variability in operative reports. We sought to develop an expert consensus of the key components for operative documentation, to improve patient care, communication and research.


Background

Complete and accurate documentation of surgical procedures is essential for optimizing patient care, yet significant variation in operative notes persists within and across institutions. We sought to reach consensus on the most important components of an operative note for pediatric microlaryngoscopy and bronchoscopy.

Methods

A modified Delphi consensus process was used. A checklist for operative documentation, created by fellowship-trained pediatric otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons, was sent to surgeons identified as experts in pediatric laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy. In the first round, items were rated as "keep" or "remove". In the second round, each item was rated on a 7-point Likert scale for importance. The mean score of each item was calculated to determine if consensus was reached.

Results

Overall, 43/74 (58.1%) surgeons responded to our survey. After two rounds of editing, 28 components reached consensus, 24 were near consensus, and 26 did not reach consensus. Items that reached final consensus had mean (SD) ratings of 6.12 (0.94) (range, 5.31–6.72).

Conclusion

Pediatric otolaryngologists identified as bronchoscopy experts were able to create a checklist of essential components of an operative note for pediatric laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy using a Delphi method. Items reaching consensus included procedure name, description of breathing, grade of airway view, description of normal anatomic structures, grade of subglottic stenosis if present, presence and description of tracheobronchomalacia, presence of fistulae, cleft and rings, and several special cases including foreign body and tracheostomy management, as well as end of procedure disposition and complications.

Level of Evidence

5 Laryngoscope, 2022
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Osteocutaneous Radial Forearm Free Flap Fixed to a Prior Osteocutaneous Free Flap: Two Case Reports

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Reconstruction of mandibular defects is best accomplished by composite bony tissue. When the fibula is not available other sources must be used. Occasionaly tumor recurence will neccesitate a further resection and bony reconstruction. We report two cases in which osteocutaneous radial forearm free tissue transfer was used for secondary reconstructio after prior bony free flap reconstruction. Laryngoscope, 2022
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Extending the use of the Endoscopic Endonasal Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Questionnaire (EES‐Q) in a cross‐sectional study: patients with chronic rhinosinusitis versus healthy controls

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

Objectives

There are several instruments to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Unfortunately, none of them evaluates all three health domains (physical, social and psychological) important to assess the overall well-being of the patient. The Endoscopic Endonasal Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Questionnaire (EES-Q) does assess all these elements. Initially, the EES-Q is validated to evaluate the impact of endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) on HRQoL. The aim of this study is to assess whether EES-Q outcomes differ in patients with CRS compared with healthy individuals. Therefore, extending the use of the EES-Q for all CRS patients.

Design

cross-sectional study.

Setting

Tertiary referral hospital.

Participants

One hundred patients with uncontrolled CRS (50% with nasal polyps), scheduled to receive EES. The questionnaire was completed preoperatively. Healthy control subjects (n = 100) without any history of sinusitis, nor a known current medical treatment at a hospital were included.

Main outcome measures

Mann-Whitney U test was performed to identify differences in EES-Q scores (domain scores and EES-Q score).

Results

The median EES-Q score in CRS patients (33.8) was significantly higher (p < .001) than in the control group (10.4). As well as the physical (52.5 vs. 16.4, p < .001), psychological (13.8 vs. 5.0, p < .001) and social (37.5 vs. 2.5, p < .001) domain scores.

Conclusions

With this study, we are extending the use of the EES-Q. It indicates that the EES-Q can be a valuable clinical tool to assess multidimensional HRQoL in all patients with CRS.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effect of Allium Sativum, Calcium hydroxide and Their Combination as Intracanal Medicaments in Infected Mature Anterior Teeth A Randomized Clinical Trial

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial effects of Allium Sativum (garlic extract), calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)2), and their combination as intracanal medicaments in infected mature anterior teeth using real-time PCR.

Material& Methods

This prospective double-blind, controlled, parallel, superiority, randomized clinical trial was carried out on sixty-six permanent, necrotic incisors associated with asymptomatic apical periodontitis in sixty-six male patients. Patients were randomly divided into three groups (n =22) according to the intra -canal medications used. After access preparation, four microbiological samples (S) were taken using sterile absorbent paper points as follows: S1: before canal instrumentation. S2: after cleaning and shaping. The third samples (S3) and fourth samples (S4) were taken after the placement of the tested intracanal medications into their corresponding canals for 7 and 14 days, respectively. Total DNA was extracted from microbiological samples and relative quantitative real time PCR reactions were done to quantify the relative gene expression fold change (FC) for Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus species. At significance level p ≤ 0.05, the data were statist ically analyzed in SPSS software using Kruskal-Wallis and Freidman's tests, followed by Dunn-Bonferroni post-hoc test for pairwise comparisons.

Results

Both bacterial mean FC decreased significantly after mechanical instrumentation (S1 to S2) in all groups. However, no statistically significant differences were found after intra-canal medicament placement (from S2 to S3 and from S3 to S4) except in the garlic group. Garlic significantly reduced Enterococcus faecalis FC in S3 and S4 when compared to Ca (OH) 2 and Ca (OH) 2+ garlic combination. However, garlic and Ca (OH)2 reduced Streptococcus bacteria in S3 similarly. While in S4, garlic showed significantly more reduction than Ca (OH) 2. The combination of Ca (OH) 2 with garlic extract showed the least significant bacterial reduction.

Conclusion

within the study limitations, garlic intra-canal medicament has a comparable anti-Streptococcus efficiency to Ca (OH) 2, while it is more effective against Enterococcus faecalis species. When Ca (OH)2 and garlic are combined, their antibacterial effectiveness is reduced. Increasing the time of application for tested intracanal medicaments by more than one week has no additional antibacterial effectiveness.
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:

Bead‐anchored surgical templates for static computer‐assisted implant surgery (s‐CAIS) – A dental technique

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader

Abstract

This technique report describes an alternative method to stabilize surgical templates throughout full-arch static computer-assisted implant surgery (FA s-CAIS). In FA s-CAIS, remaining teeth, mucosa, existing implants, custom occlusal device, bone, or any combination thereof, could be used as an initial positioning mechanism to position surgical templates. Different anchoring mechanisms are then used to stabilize the surgical templates during surgery. In this report, a novel design of surgical templates using remaining dentition and opposing occlusal surfaces as initial positioning mechanism followed by the combination of bone block fixation screw and stainless-steel beads as secondary anchoring mechanisms is described. The advantages, limitations, and comparisons with surgical templates using other anchoring mechanisms are also discussed.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
View on Web
στις Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Εγγραφή σε: Αναρτήσεις (Atom)