HES1 mRNA expression is associated with survival in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma.

HES1 mRNA expression is associated with survival in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2016 Jun 11;

Authors: Wirth M, Doescher J, Jira D, Meier MA, Piontek G, Reiter R, Schlegel J, Pickhard A

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx and larynx, NOTCH1 downstream signaling has been shown to be activated. The NOTCH1 signaling pathway has not been examined in detail for sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SNSCCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate NOTCH1 signaling by mRNA expression analysis and to examine the occurrence of NOTCH1 mutations in SNSCC.
STUDY DESIGN: In a retrospective study, we analyzed tissues from 44 SNSCCs and 56 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) at other locations. Expression of NOTCH1, NOTCH3, HES1, HEY1, and JAG1 mRNA were measured by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-rtPCR). In SNSCC, NOTCH1 mutations were evaluated with sequencing of seven selected exons.
RESULTS: Expression of NOTCH1, HEY1, and JAG1 at the mRNA level were significantly higher in tumor tissue compared with normal tissue. In SNSCC, the subgroup of patients with high expression (5th quintile) of HES1 mRNA was associated with better survival (P = .04); however these patients with high expression of HES1 mRNA had also a more favorable tumor stage and grade and more unfavorable resections representing potential confounders.
CONCLUSIONS: Key components of NOTCH1 are upregulated at the mRNA level in HNSCCs. The mechanism, clinical significance, and potential therapeutic options should therefore be further evaluated.

PMID: 27567696 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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HES1 mRNA expression is associated with survival in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma.

HES1 mRNA expression is associated with survival in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2016 Jun 11;

Authors: Wirth M, Doescher J, Jira D, Meier MA, Piontek G, Reiter R, Schlegel J, Pickhard A

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx and larynx, NOTCH1 downstream signaling has been shown to be activated. The NOTCH1 signaling pathway has not been examined in detail for sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SNSCCs). The aim of this study was to evaluate NOTCH1 signaling by mRNA expression analysis and to examine the occurrence of NOTCH1 mutations in SNSCC.
STUDY DESIGN: In a retrospective study, we analyzed tissues from 44 SNSCCs and 56 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) at other locations. Expression of NOTCH1, NOTCH3, HES1, HEY1, and JAG1 mRNA were measured by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-rtPCR). In SNSCC, NOTCH1 mutations were evaluated with sequencing of seven selected exons.
RESULTS: Expression of NOTCH1, HEY1, and JAG1 at the mRNA level were significantly higher in tumor tissue compared with normal tissue. In SNSCC, the subgroup of patients with high expression (5th quintile) of HES1 mRNA was associated with better survival (P = .04); however these patients with high expression of HES1 mRNA had also a more favorable tumor stage and grade and more unfavorable resections representing potential confounders.
CONCLUSIONS: Key components of NOTCH1 are upregulated at the mRNA level in HNSCCs. The mechanism, clinical significance, and potential therapeutic options should therefore be further evaluated.

PMID: 27567696 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Investigations on the prevalence of the photo-induced sneezing reflex in the German population, a representative cross-sectional study.

Investigations on the prevalence of the photo-induced sneezing reflex in the German population, a representative cross-sectional study.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Aug 27;

Authors: Kulas P, Hecker D, Schick B, Bozzato A

Abstract
The sneezing reflex is a common phenomenon in human beings and animals. Until now largely uninvestigated sneezing phenomenon is the photic sneeze reflex, also known as the ACHOO (Autosomal Cholinergic Helio-Ophtalmologic Outburst). This light induced sneezing reflex is triggered by a bright light like the sun but also by artificial light. In former publications the prevalence of this phenomenon in the population is specified up to 35 % and can result in a potential endangerment in numerous everyday situations as driving a car or controlling an airplane. In our present study we interviewed 1042 patients in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the Saarland University Hospital using standardized questionnaires to analyse epidemiological data as age, gender and known diseases. Additionally, the questionnaire focused on the occurrence of sneezing events, extend of sneezing, potential triggers, and methods of evasion. In our data analysis, we were able to show a high prevalence of the ACHOO in 57 % of our cohort, suffering from regular light induced sneezing events. Excluding subjects reporting only occasional sneezing events our results were comparable to findings in literature. As expected a familial disposition was observed, additionally tobacco smoking correlated with light induced sneezing events. Analyzing a large cohort, we were able to demonstrate that the prevalence of the ACHOO in the german population may be higher than expected. Taken into account the potential hazard caused by this phenomenon, further investigations should identify the pathophysiologic pathway.

PMID: 27568353 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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The arterial supply of the nasal cavity.

The arterial supply of the nasal cavity.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Aug 27;

Authors: MacArthur FJ, McGarry GW

Abstract
With the development of endonasal flaps, an understanding of the arterial anatomy of the nasal cavity has become increasingly important for clinicians. Despite this, there is a lack of current, accurate overviews in the literature. We have used both endoscopic and gross dissection of six fresh frozen cadaveric heads, alongside a literature review, to produce a comprehensive description of the anatomy. Four heads had their arterial systems injected with red latex. Three injected and two uninjected heads were dissected endoscopically, to provide a total of seven sides. The fourth injected head was hemisected for gross examination. The arterial systems were dissected and examined. The posterior septal artery was found to enter the nasal cavity from the sphenopalatine foramen in five sides. It bifurcated on the sphenoid rostrum in seven sides with a bifurcation lateral to the sphenoid ostium occurring in five sides and a medial bifurcation in two sides. The posterior septal artery supplied Kiesselbach's plexus on the nasal septum along with the greater palatine artery and septal branches of the superior labial and anterior ethmoidal arteries. The posterior lateral nasal artery arose from the sphenopalatine foramen in five sides to supply the lateral wall. The lateral wall branch of the anterior ethmoidal and the anterior lateral nasal artery anastomosed at the head of the inferior turbinate. These findings were mostly consistent with the current literature. We have produced a detailed and up-to-date description and diagram of the arterial supply to the nasal cavity, which may be of use to clinicians, anatomists and students.

PMID: 27568352 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Olfactory dysfunction in acute rhinosinusitis: intranasal sodium hyaluronate as adjuvant treatment.

Olfactory dysfunction in acute rhinosinusitis: intranasal sodium hyaluronate as adjuvant treatment.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Aug 27;

Authors: Ciofalo A, de Vincentiis M, Zambetti G, Altissimi G, Fusconi M, Greco A, Ottaviano G, Magliulo G

Abstract
Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is defined as an inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses and affects 1-5 % of general population in Europe. Sinonasal diseases represent the main cause of smell alterations in adult patients and lead to mucosal congestion, increased quantity and density of secretions and altered mucociliary transport. For this reason the odorous molecules contained in the inspired air, cannot interact with the olfactory epithelium. Medical therapy of ARS has to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms and prevent complications. Recent studies have shown that Sodium hyaluronate modulate inflammation and has a reparative effect on the nasal mucosa. 48 patients affected by acute rhinosinusitis proven by CT scan, were enrolled. They were submitted to nasal endoscopy, olfactometric and mucociliary transport evaluation (MCTt), Visual Analogue Scale Questionnaire (VAS) at T0, after 14-18 days (T1) and after 30-35 days (T2). The patients were randomized into two treatment groups, A and B, and were treated for 30 days; each group was composed of 24 subjects. All patients received Levofloxacin (500 mg for 10 days) and Prednisone (50 mg for 8 days, 25 mg for 4 days and 12, 5 mg for 4 days). Moreover, Group A received twice a day for 30 days high molecular weight Sodium Hyaluronate (3 %) plus saline solution (3 mL sodium chloride-NaCl-0.9 %) using a nebulizer ampoule for nasal douche. Group B received twice a day for 30 days saline solution (6 mL sodium chloride-NaCl-0.9 %) using a nebulizer ampoule for nasal douche. At T1 Group A shown lower values in MCTt and threshold score was significantly higher than in Group B. VAS showed statistically significant differences between the two groups, in particular for smell, nasal obstruction and for nasal discharge. At T2 Group A MCTt was significantly lower than in Group B; odour threshold improved in both groups but in Group A was still significantly higher than in Group B. No statistical differences between two groups regarding odour discrimination and odour identification were confirmed at T1 and T2. VASy score showed statistically significant differences between the two groups only for nasal discharge.

PMID: 27568351 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Intensive nutritional care for patients treated with radiotherapy in head and neck cancer: a randomized study and meta-analysis.

Intensive nutritional care for patients treated with radiotherapy in head and neck cancer: a randomized study and meta-analysis.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Aug 27;

Authors: Roussel LM, Micault E, Peyronnet D, Blanchard D, Guarnieri S, Choussy O, Géry B, Béquignon A, Joubert C, Parienti JJ, Babin E

Abstract
Nutritional care improves quality of life (QOL) in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. The aim of our study was to determine whether intensive nutritional care (INC) would further improve QOL. In addition to a control group based on European and American guidelines, patients included in the INC group received six meetings with a dietitian. QOL was measured after radiotherapy using the EORTC QLQ-C30. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the best nutritional care. In the 87 patients, the QOL scores, weight, energy, and protein intakes were similar between the INC group (n = 43) and the control group (n = 44). The meta-analysis revealed no heterogeneity and significant differences in QOL (three studies) (p = 0.46) or weight changes after radiotherapy (four studies) (p = 0.06). The nutritional care specified in the European and American guidelines is composed of well-defined recommendations, and appears sufficient to maintain QOL without further intervention.

PMID: 27568350 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Transoral robotic-assisted tongue base resection in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: case presentation, clinical and technical consideration.

Transoral robotic-assisted tongue base resection in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: case presentation, clinical and technical consideration.

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Aug 27;

Authors: Montevecchi F, Bellini C, Meccariello G, Hoff PT, Dinelli E, Dallan I, Corso RM, Vicini C

Abstract
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is primarily caused by adenotonsillar hypertrophy. However, tongue base hypertrophy is increasingly being recognized as a cause, even after adenotonsillectomy. We report three cases of pediatric OSAS successfully treated by transoral robotic reduction of the tongue base. In all children, we were able to achieve improved retrolingual patency while avoiding significant procedure-related morbidity. In conclusion, tongue base reduction by transoral robotic surgery appears to be a feasible solution for the base of tongue obstruction due to lingual tonsil hypertrophy in pediatric patients.

PMID: 27568349 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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True Petroclival Meningiomas: Proposal of Classification and Role of the Combined Supra-Infratentorial Presigmoid Retrolabyrinthine Approach.

True Petroclival Meningiomas: Proposal of Classification and Role of the Combined Supra-Infratentorial Presigmoid Retrolabyrinthine Approach.

World Neurosurg. 2016 Aug 24;

Authors: Sassun TE, Ruggeri AG, Delfini R

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The evolution of Petroclival Meningiomas (PMs) surgical treatment has lead nowadays to a tendency to abandon complex petrous approaches and return to "less aggressive" skull base approaches.
OBJECTIVE: To propose a PMs classification and establish the role of the Combined Supra-Infratentorial Presigmoid Retrolabyrinthine (CSIPR) approach in the treatment of PMs rigorously matching the anatomical definition.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 51 cases of PMs strictly adhering to the anatomical definition, operated on from January 1990 to December 2011. On the basis of the different patterns of growth from a common anatomical region of origin, a classification of PMs in four groups is proposed.
RESULTS: Gross total resection was achieved in 32 patients (63%), subtotal resection (at least 90% tumor volume removal) in 14 patients (27%). Each of the four groups of the proposed classification lends itself to be removed by a distinct surgical approach. Statistical analysis confirmed that such group-approach pairings significantly correlate with radical surgical removal (P< .001). Despite the high incidence of early postoperative complications, at late follow-up 82% of patients were free of significant postoperative neurological deficits (95% Confidence Interval: 70-90). Comparable neurological improvement was observed limited to cases treated by CSIPR (P= .60).
CONCLUSIONS: For each PM group the most suitable approach was identified, in terms of surgical radicality and low postoperative morbidity. CSIPR can be considered the approach of choice for the most frequent group of PMs in our series. We believe that the CSIPR remains a valuable option for PMs treatment.

PMID: 27567583 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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