Evaluation of Heating and Shearing on the Viscoelastic Properties of Calcium Hydroxyapatite Used in Injection Laryngoplasty.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Jan 26;
Authors: Mahboubi H, Mohraz A, Verma SP
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare the viscoelastic properties of calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) to carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) injectables used for injection laryngoplasty and determine if they are affected by heating and shearing.
STUDY DESIGN: Experimental.
SETTING: University laboratory.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Vocal fold injection laryngoplasty with CaHA is oftentimes challenging due to the amount of pressure necessary to push the injectate through a needle. Anecdotal techniques, such as heating the product, have been suggested to facilitate injection. The viscoelastic properties of CaHA and CMC were measured with a rheometer. The effects of heating and shearing on sample viscoelasticity were recorded.
RESULTS: CaHA was 9.5 times more viscous than CMC (43,100 vs 4540 Pa·s). Heating temporarily decreased the viscosity of CaHA by 32%. However, it also caused the viscosity to subsequently increase after time. Shearing of CaHA reduced its viscosity by 26%. Heating and shearing together temporarily reduced the viscosity of CaHA by 52%.
CONCLUSION: A combination of heating and shearing had a more profound effect than heating or shearing alone on the viscosity of CaHA, potentially making it easier to inject temporarily. Long-term and in vivo studies are required to further analyze the effect of heating and shearing on CaHA injectables.
PMID: 26814211 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
from #ENT-PubMed via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/1nAotfR
via IFTTT
Δεν υπάρχουν σχόλια:
Δημοσίευση σχολίου