Source:Sleep Medicine
Author(s): Lisa J. Smith, Daniel L. King, Cele Richardson, Brandy M. Roane, Michael Gradisar
A relationship between evening technology use and sleep has been established, and models suggest various mechanisms to explain this relationship. Recent updates to these models also suggest the influence of individual difference factors, such that the relationship between technology and sleep varies between young people. Flow is an experience of immersion and time distortion that could vary between adolescents when using technology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of flow on the self-selected bedtimes of adolescents when videogaming. 17 older adolescent, experienced videogamers (age=15.9±0.83 yrs) played a new videogame on two school-night evenings in a sleep laboratory. Game difficulty was set to 'hard' one evening (flow condition), and the other set to 'easy' (disrupted flow). Measures of trait and state flow were taken, along with heart rate during videogaming, and bedtime measured objectively with real-time cameras. An interaction effect for heart rate indicated an elevated heart rate in the easy condition after 150-min of gaming (p<.02). No significant differences were found in bedtimes between the easy and hard conditions (p=.77). Adolescents high on trait flow played for longer and selected significantly later bedtimes than their low trait flow peers, but only for the hard (flow) condition (12:22 A.M vs 10:53 P.M, p=.004). Likewise, adolescents with high state flow went to bed significantly later than those low on state flow (12:24 PM vs 10:52 PM, p=.001), again, only in the hard condition. These findings suggest that individual and situational characteristics may amplify the effects of technology use on the 'sleep' of adolescents, and provides support for the displacement of bedtime hypothesis.
from #ORL-AlexandrosSfakianakis via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2wt04la
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