Articaine versus Lidocaine concentration in the palatal tissues after supra-periosteal buccal infiltration anesthesia

Publication date: Available online 10 October 2017
Source:Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Author(s): Haytham Al-Mahalawy., Hatem Abuohashish., Shahanas Chathoth., Naif Al-Masoud., Badr Al-Jandan., Associate
PurposePalatal local anesthetic injection is a painful procedure. Previous studies have reported successful extraction of maxillary teeth using only buccal infiltration of 4% articaine without palatal anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of 4% articaine solution in the palatal bone and mucosal tissues after its buccal injection and compare it with 2% lidocaine solution in New Zealand white rabbits.Materials and MethodsEight rabbits received 2 different injections of 0.6 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 adrenaline and 0.6 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 adrenaline buccal to the right and left maxillary first molar, respectively, in a split-mouth study design using quantitative syringes. All the injections were administered using the buccal infiltration technique without any palatal injection. Ten minutes later, the palatal bone and mucosa specimens were collected for analysis. The levels of both local anaesthetic agents were measured in the palatal tissues using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).ResultsThe HPLC analysis revealed a significant higher 4% articaine solution values (0.319 ± 0.037) in the palatal mucosal tissues as compared to the palatal mucosal concentrations of 2% lidocaine solution (0.0839 ± 0.017). In palatal bone, the mean concentrations of 2% lidocaine solution was significantly lower than the mean concentrations of 4% articaine solution (0.085 ± 0.012 vs 0.155 ± 0.012, respectively). There was no significant difference between the levels of 2% lidocaine in the palatal bone and mucosal tissues. However, The mean concentration of 4% articaine in the palatal mucosa was significantly higher than its concentration in palatal bone.ConclusionThe buccal vestibule-palatal diffusion of 4% articaine solution with 1:100,000 epinephrine is greater than 2% lidocaine solution with 1:100,000 epinephrine in a rabbit model.



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