Impact of regular physical activity on adipocytokines and cardiovascular characteristics in spinal cord injured subjects

Publication date: Available online 13 March 2018
Source:Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Author(s): Roberto Schreiber, Cristiane M. Souza, Layde R. Paim, Guilherme de Rossi, José R. Matos-Souza, Anselmo de A. Costa e Silva, Fernando R. Faria, Eliza R. Azevedo, Karina C. Alonso, Andrei C. Sposito, Alberto Cliquet, José I. Gorla, Wilson Nadruz
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and cardiac structure and function with adipocytokines in sedentary (S-SCI) and physically-active (PA-SCI) subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI).DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingAcademic medical center.ParticipantsForty-one SCI men (16 S-SCI and 25 PA-SCI) with chronic (>1y) SCI were evaluated. S-SCI subjects did not perform labor that required physical effort, recreational physical activity or sports, while PA-SCI subjects included competing athletes that were regularly performing adapted sports.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresClinical, laboratory, carotid ultrasonography and echocardiography analysis. Plasma leptin, adiponectin and plasminogen activating inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were determined.ResultsPA-SCI subjects had similar levels of adipocytokines, but lower carotid IMT and carotid IMT/diameter, and better left ventricular diastolic function than S-SCI participants. Bivariate analysis showed that adiponectin was inversely correlated with triglycerides (r=-0.85, p<0.001), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (r=-0.57, p<0.05) and carotid IMT/diameter (r=-0.56, p<0.05) in S-SCI, but not in PA-SCI participants. Additionally, leptin/adiponectin ratio showed a direct correlation with triglycerides (r=0.84, p<0.001) and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.53, p<0.05) in S-SCI, but not in PA-SCI individuals. By contrast, the studied adipocytokines did not correlate with cardiac structure and function in PA-SCI and S-SCI participants.ConclusionsLower adiponectin levels and higher leptin/adiponectin ratio are related to adverse vascular and/or metabolic characteristics in SCI individuals. This relationship, however, appears to be mitigated by regular physical activity.



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