A Novel Porcine Model for Future Studies of Cell-enriched Fat Grafting

Background: Cell-enriched fat grafting has shown promising results for improving graft survival, although many questions remain unanswered. A large animal model is crucial for bridging the gap between rodent studies and human trials. We present a step-by-step approach in using the Göttingen minipig as a model for future studies of cell-enriched large volume fat grafting. Methods: Fat grafting was performed as bolus injections and structural fat grafting. Graft retention was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging after 120 days. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was isolated from excised fat and liposuctioned fat from different anatomical sites and analyzed. Porcine adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) were cultured in different growth supplements, and population doubling time, maximum cell yield, expression of surface markers, and differentiation potential were investigated. Results: Structural fat grafting in the breast and subcutaneous bolus grafting in the abdomen revealed average graft retention of 53.55% and 15.28%, respectively, which are similar to human reports. Liposuction yielded fewer SVF cells than fat excision, and abdominal fat had the most SVF cells/g fat with SVF yields similar to humans. Additionally, we demonstrated that porcine ASCs can be readily isolated and expanded in culture in allogeneic porcine platelet lysate and fetal bovine serum and that the use of 10% porcine platelet lysate or 20% fetal bovine serum resulted in population doubling time, maximum cell yield, surface marker profile, and trilineage differentiation that were comparable with humans. Conclusions: The Göttingen minipig is a feasible and cost-effective, large animal model for future translational studies of cell-enriched fat grafting. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. Published online 4 April 2018. Received for publication December 6, 2017; accepted February 6, 2018. Preliminary results presented at IFATS San Diego 2016. Supported by The Danish Cancer Society (Kræftens Bekæmpelse) and The Research Foundation of Rigshospitalet (Rigshospitalets Forskningspuljer). Disclosure: The authors have no financial interest to declare in relation to the content of this article. The Article Processing Charge was paid for by The Danish Cancer Society. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Clickable URL citations appear in the text. Bo S. Rasmussen, MD, Department of Plastic Surgery, Breast Surgery and Burns, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej 9, Section 2102, DK 2100 Copenhagen, E-mail: bosonnich@gmail.com Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. All rights reserved.

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