Multi-modal 3D Simulation Makes the Impossible Possible

Summary: B.Y. was born full term after a large vertex encephalocele was diagnosed prenatally. The unique challenge to repairing B.Y.'s encephalocele was a microcephalic skull and large proportion of likely functional extracranial brain tissue, which would need to be preserved. At Boston Children's Hospital, a simulation-based collaborative presurgical planning and rehearsal process, using both digital and 3D printed models, enabled successful technical completion and outcome of an otherwise inoperable case. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. Published online 20 April 2018. Received for publication October 16, 2017; accepted January 30, 2018. Accepted for presentation at the International Society of Craniofacial Surgery annual conference, October 2017, Cancun, Mexico. This study was approved by the Boston Children's Hospital international review board under IRB-P00022491. Disclosure: The authors have no financial interest to declare in relation to the content of this article. The Article Processing Charge was paid for by the authors. Ingrid M. Ganske, MD, MPA, Department of Plastic & Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Email: Ingrid.ganske@childrens.harvard.edu Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. All rights reserved.

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